Epitaph - mibhalo elaa litye phezu ezikhumbuzo

Epitaph imbeko umntu obhubhileyo ubizwa epitaphs. Ngokwemveli, bona kwizafobe, kodwa zikhona, umzekelo, ngokohlobo aphorisms okanye izicatshulwa ngezibhalo ekulula ukuba ukukhumbula. Injongo epitaphs ezininzi ezithandwayo ke ukuba ukwenza umfundi acinge, ukuze umlumkise yokufa kwakhe. Abanye aba bantu khetha ngokwabo ngethuba ubomi kwabanye - abo banoxanduva ukuze kulahlwe. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba iimbongi ezininzi odumileyo, kuquka Uilyam Shekspir, uAleksandr Poup, waqamba i epitaph elilelakhe-imibongo.

Imibhalo ilitye umkhondo zazivelela zabo iintetho lwesihobe leyo awasiwisayo imbeko oswelekileyo ngomhla emngcwabeni wakhe, waza waphinda kwi isikhumbuzo. E Greece yamandulo naseRoma yamandulo, ukuba kwasekwa uhlobo 'Epitaph "(ukusuka amagama Greek -" phezulu "yaye" ingcwaba "). Kamva, ukugcina kwimemori ye wemka kwihlabathi abanye abantu, bona wakrola ezikhumbuzo ezimiselwe lilo. Abanye kukuzibhijabhija nokuthantamisa zemibongo, abanye - ngaphezu kokuba elula, nangona kukho abathile nje lowu mhaka ukufa.

Imibhalo lengcwaba zaye kuhluka ngokungqinelana kunye nezithethe zenkcubeko abantu. Ngenxa yoko, amaRoma sinyamekele kakhulu ukuya epitaphs. Kuzo uyakwazi ukufunda iinkcazelo ezinomdla abantu abafileyo kwi umsebenzi wabo emkhosini, imisebenzi yezopolitiko okanye zorhwebo, ubume bomtshato , nezinto ezinjengezo. Ngokubanzi, ukuba nokubakho indumiso Imizimba iimpawu yokuziphatha. Omfutshane okanye omde, kwimibongo okanye prosaic, kodwa imibhalo ilitye abonisa indlela izalamane kunye nabahlobo womfi. UCicero, umzekelo, kwi engcwabeni intombi yakhe Tullia wenza epitaph emfutshane, nto leyo ziviwa ngamandla intlungu yokulahlekelwa: «Tulliola, Filiola» ( «Tulliola, ntombi yam").

indawo Great nomthombo nefikelelekayo kumntu ukufunda imbali ndawo nguye emangcwabeni. Amangcwaba ulwazi ukuba ziqulathe, zinika indawo yokuqala ilungele naluphi na uphando wokuzalwa. Abanye babo babe kuphela amagama umfi kunye nemihla yobomi, ngoxa abanye ziquka ingxelo eneenkcukacha kwizizukulwana aliqela entsapho mnye, ubudlelwane phakathi kwabantu kunye ngobomi (indoda, umfazi, unyana, udade, njalo njalo), imisebenzi yabo abaqeqeshiweyo. Epitaph elide Bezithandwa kunye mbali kunye genealogists. Ukuqalisa ukusuka Renaissance kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba kwisithethe saseNtshona abantu abafileyo abaye kubanjwa ngexesha ubomi kwisikhundla esiphezulu eluntwini, ukuba elide kakhulu iinkcazelo phantse imvelaphi edume zeentsapho zabo, iqulathe ulwazi malunga nemisebenzi yabo, bedumisa ezintle badla ukunika inkcazelo malunga izalamane elikufutshane.

Kwakhona umdla ayiphumi ezikhumbuzo iisimboli ukufa, hayi kuphela mibhalo ilitye. Epitaph ukugcina kwimemori abantu abafileyo, ukuba ukugxininisa into yokuba wonke umntu nayo yonke into efile. Njengomgaqo, kunokuba yokakayi kunye crossbones, inkenteza ekhala emngcwabeni, ebhokisini hourglass, wayebhekisela yokuba akemi ixesha kusisondeza ekufeni, okanye elinediski ngamaphiko, zibonisa indlela yexesha.