Esimweni sezulu Belarus. ukutshintsha kwemozulu kunye kubangelwa e Belarus

Imozulu Belarust uye awohluke zayo, ezo ngenxa Indawo esikuyo lizwe. kwemozulu kunye nemozulu zibaluleke kakhulu, ngoko kuhle ingqalelo kakhulu.

Ulwazi malunga ngembali kokuma zokutshintsha kwemozulu e Belarus

Unomdla umbuzo wokuba yintoni imozulu e Belarus waqalisa kwi-9-10 kwiinkulungwane th. I-data ezindala kwi iimeko zemozulu of Belarus zifumaneka yeziKronike kunye nemibhalo nabahambi. Mogilev kuqala wavula isikhululo zemozulu kunjalo ngo-1809, emva koko e Vitebsk (1810), Brest (1834), Gorki (1841), Minsk (1849), kuphela emva kokuba Oktobha Revolution waqalisa ukufunda nzulu sezulu. 1930 lwalubalasele ngenxa yokuba ngelo awaqala ngazo xesha ukusebenza inkonzo imozulu ezahlukeneyo, kwakukho iindlela ukugxila iqabaka.

I wokuqala ichazwe ngokwenkcukacha imozulu e Belarus, nto leyo ulwazi oluthembekileyo yaba AI Kaygorodov. Ngelo xesha, kwakukho inkcazelo epheleleyo malunga neemeko zemozulu izixeko ezikhulu, kwaqhutywa ucando agroclimatic kweli lizwe. Ukususela ngelo xesha, ulwazi kwezikhululo zemozulu oluzenzekelayo kunye neesathelayithi zisetyenziselwa zentelekelelo yemozulu, iinjongo mapping. Le ngcaciso ibaluleke kakhulu ngenxa kwamaxesha emsebenzini kwezolimo.

Eyona uphawu isimo sezulu Belarus

Belarus Imozulu ziingcathu lizwekazi kunye iinkanyamba Atlantic. Ke ukuba ubusika, kuyabanda abangaxhalabisiyo, luphawulwa nomkhe- elide. Xa siqwalasela ihlobo, singatsho ukuba sinokuhlasela ifudumele. kuna imvula yonyaka phakathi 550 mm ezantsi ukuya 750 mm kwi uplands.

Imozulu weRiphabliki of Belarus kunye neempawu zayo ngenxa indawo okuyo of Belarus kwi kwindawo ezinezinga ziingcathu, alawule ntlango tyaba, akukho miqobo orographic, kwakunye kumgama elikhulu ukusuka Atlantic Ocean.

I-engile izehlo imitha yelanga kunye nobude imini kunye ilanga lichazwa indawo latitudinal kwiRiphabliki kummandla we 56 ° kunye 51 ° yobubanzi ngasentla. Ukusuka oku kuxhomekeke kubungakanani elalana radiation elanga. Kulo nyaka, isixa-radiation elanga iyahluka 3400 ukuya 4050 MJ / m ^2.

Ukutshintsha umoya phezu ilizwe kuxhomekeke ejikeleza komoya. Ukuze bekusenzeka rhoqo khona umoya ofumileyo ikhokelela ukuxhaphaka yodluliselo Koloni emoyeni asezantsi. Kwimimandla yasempumalanga eziphembelela olwandle lifinyele, oluphuculweyo imozulu lizwekazi.

Ngenxa ukubusa transfer yasentshona zenzeka iinkanyamba asentshona, okubangela umoya ofumileyo. Imbonakalo obuhle, imvula kunye Ukufudumala kancinane ngexesha yengqele, ehlotyeni imozulu kuphole, kusina. Iinkanyamba evela emntla-ntshona kuvela phi alufane.

ulawulo emhlabeni luphawulwa komndilili weqondo lobushushu umoya omhle ngonyaka, nto leyo emenza ngasezantsi nomzantsi-ntshona. I-avareji lobushushu kumantla 4,4 ° C, kwi-ntshona we 7,4 ° C. NgoJanuwari, kwi-ntshona obushushu ngumlinganiselo -4.1 ° C, ngoxa kumntla-mpuma -8.4 ° C. Iyulskaya avareji Isalathisi lobushushu ukususela +17 ° C ukuya +19,7 ° C.

The Republic of Belarus nezinze kwingingqi kokufuma ngokwaneleyo. Imvula yonyaka indawo yoncedo ngenxa avareji kwaye irekhodi 500-600 mm ezihlanjeni naphezu kweenduli - 550-700 mm. Kweli xesha ukususela ku-Apreli ukuya ku-Oktobha uwa 70% ye kwezulu. Ngokubanzi 70-80% ye kwezulu uzayo uhlobo imvula, 9-16% - ngokohlobo ikhephu, inani eseleyo - kwifomu ye kwezulu ezahlukeneyo. Ekupheleni kukaFebruwari nokuqala kukaMatshi, it has isiciko ikhephu liphezulu ukuba 15-40 cm. Ukufuma High ngenxa isixa esikhulu kwemvula kunye yokuba ubushushu kakhulu emoyeni. Le ukufuma isihlobo komoya mkhulu kwe-80%. Meyi lubonakala ngokuba ukufuma ubuncinane isalamane. Ngenxa ukufuma ephakamileyo, ukuyilwa amafu, fogs. 85% yexesha ngexesha ekwindla-ebusika bulawulwe lisibekele, imozulu lisibekele.

ejikeleza jikelele yeegesi echaphazela ulawulo umoya. transfer Western ukulawule. imimoya Winter bevuthela ikakhulu ukususela emzantsi. Summer umoya uvuthuza ukusuka emantla-ntshona. Isantya somoya avareji phezu unyaka ka- 4 m / s kwiindawo evulelekileyo nezitya - malunga ne-3 m / umzuzwana. Ngamanye amaxesha izaqhwithi apho kunye neenkanyamba.

Akaziphatha imiba sezulu of the Republic of Belarus

Imozulu Belarus kwezinye izinto ezimbi. Ezi ziquka kozinzo yezulu entwasahlobo ukwindla, ubusika obuzolileyo kunye nomkhe-, ehlotyeni eemvula, ukunqongophala ukufuma ekuqaleni kwehlobo, yingqele. izenzakalo ezahlukeneyo zendalo ezifana inkanyamba, izaqhwithi uthuli, halo, ixhomekeke ngqo kwi iimpawu lokwenzeka iinkqubo esesibhakabhakeni.

Esimweni sezulu Belarus ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo

Yintoni imozulu e Belarus ngexesha ngalinye lonyaka? Indawo Belarus kwisibanzi ziingcathu kukhokelele ukuba baguqukile onyaka. Ubude lonyaka ngamnye iinyanga ezi-3. Kodwa ke, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuba ekuqaleni pores phenological ngokuqhelekileyo luhexa neentsuku zekhalenda kweli lizwe. Xa kuthelekiswa la imimandla yomntla-mpuma nomzantsi-ntshona lizwe kukho umahluko omkhulu kakhulu kwezi zalathisi.

Iimeko zemozulu entwasahlobo

entwasahlobo Phenological e Belarus iqala kule minyaka ilishumi 1st wasezantsi-ntshona. Ngo-mpuma iqala ekupheleni kuMatshi kunye utshintsho t ^o emoyeni ngenxa degrees zero phezulu. Siphela ixesha entwasahlobo ekupheleni Epreli ekuqaleni Meyi, xa ubushushu owela 10 degrees Celsius phezulu.

Weather akunakuqinisekiswa, kukho utshintsho rhoqo umoya kweshushu mass. Kwandisa imvula, iqhwa ukunyibilika phezu kwemilambo, komphunga kwenzeka, iintaka, ngoko ke inkqubo lokukhula kwezityalo, kwakunye ukuqala umsebenzi wokulima. Entlakohlaza kwandisa inani leentsuku enelanga. Air nesemhlabeni kancane kancane.

Ihlobo kunye neempawu zemozulu

Phenological ihlobo iqala ekuqaleni May emzantsi phakathi ku-Meyi emntla. I-avareji lobushushu imihla ngemihla ngethuba Iexesha Ienguqu ^imalunga 12 C kunye ukwanda ekuqaleni kwehlobo, kwaye ngokufanelekileyo, ubushushu ebegqwese ithotywe ekupheleni kwayo. Iqondo avareji ngoJulayi, ngenyanga ishushu lonyaka, +17 ... + 20 ^° C Le efudumeleyo ehlotyeni yonke e Belarus, maxa wambi zimakishwe evutha. Umbilo iwela nje iimvula zehlobo rhoqo ixesha elide. amaqondo obushushu aphezulu ukufuma aphantsi ngokwaneleyo, kwakunye izaqhwithi kunye yimimoya enamandla iziganeko yezulu embi ngexesha ehlotyeni.

Summer uphela we2 kade - kweshumi lesithathu kaSeptemba ngasentla nasempuma, ekupheleni kweminyaka yesithathu Septemba - ekuqaleni kweminyaka 1 ka-Oktobha - ezantsi nomzantsi-ntshona.

Iimpawu yasekwindla

Ukuqala yasekwindla na umhla xa ubushushu bomoya imihla udlula 10 ^° C Inani leentsuku eyayishushu ngo-Oktobha lifinyele. Ukufika ikhephu okubonisa ekupheleni ekwindla. ukuncipha ko- ubushushu emoyeni nomhlaba, imvula, kuyanda umoya, kodwa ke inani lilonke liyancipha kwezulu.

Xa kwentwasahlobo, emva kokuba snap ebalulekileyo kubanda, kuza Ukufudumala elibukhali, leyo ibizwa ngokuba "Indian zasehlotyeni". Imozulu owomileyo kwaye icacile. Ngeli xesha kunokwenzeka eneentyatyambo sesekondari ezinye izityalo.

iimeko zemozulu ebusika

Yintoni imozulu kwiRiphabliki of Belarus ebusika? Yeyona ixesha eqhaqhazelisa konyaka. Ukunciphisa iqondo lobushushu ngezantsi 0 ^{° C} ithathwa njengokuba ekuqaleni kobusika. Ngasekupheleni zasebusika, ubushushu kuxhaphaka ngoku ngaphezu eli nani.

Lubonakala Winter khona umoya obandayo elide yimikhwitsho, ezo indawo ikhephu, unomsebenzi omninzi ezingazinzanga, iliqhwa, Blizzard yi. Imozulu kweli xesha uninzi lisibekele, inkungu ibunjiwe, iqabaka, iqabaka, kukho utshintsho rhoqo lamathuba nobudlelwane kunye iqabaka.

Utshintsho lwemozulu e Belarus

Ukutshintsha kwemozulu Belarus noonobangela zayo - isihloko awayeyenza kuphando kakhulu kakhulu mva nje. Kukho izizathu ezininzi ukuba imozulu iyatshintsha. Belarus Imozulu ngeli xesha ziquka utshintsho Orbital parameters komhlaba, greenhouse gases, oonobangela anthropogenic, zeziphi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezinto ezenziwa luluntu, esizakukhokelela utshintsho kokusingqongileyo. Global warming, ikhula ngakumbi nangakumbi. Yeka loo nto kakade ngqiqweni. Ichaphazela ezolimo, izityalo, izilwanyana kunye nempilo yabantu ngokwalo. Nantsi isimo Belarus.

Kule minyaka ili-100 idluleyo siye sabona ithuba 3 warming kwilizwe liphela, emva koko kwabakho snap elibukhali umkhuhlane. warming yokuqala ngasekupheleni th 20 - ekuqaleni 21 leminyaka th. Okulandelayo, okuye mkhulu kuye kwaphawulwa kwi imi--30. warming wesithathu kwaqondakala kwi imi--50-60. Iqondo lobushushu komoya ngexesha Ukufudumala yesibini ladlula ixabiso koko kule minyaka ilishumi ukuya 0,4-0,6 ° C. Le yokuqala kwinkulungwane yama-20 waphawulwa inani elikhulu kwemvula. Emva kokuhlalutya zonke iinkcukacha ubushushu phezu kweli lizwe, ukuze kuqwalaselwe ukuba lobushushu liye landa nge phantse 1 isidanga. iinguqu ezithile ezibonakalayo ngexesha lasebusika. Imozulu waba onomoya ngaphantsi yezwekazi. Ebusika phakathi iye ufudumele yi degrees 5-6, xa kuthelekiswa ne-60-mi. Umbilo kumaqondo obushushu asezantsi kakhulu ekuqaleni kobusika udlula eqhelekileyo.