Exhibition Museum. Pushkin. Exhibition lwemizobo kwi Pushkin Museum

Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19 St Petersburg Academy of Arts ibamba ukhuphiswano enxulumene yesakhiwo ngenxa Museum of Arts Fine. UMlawuli Alexander III. Oku eyabangela ukufezekisa iphupha wokudala kwikomkhulu yeziko zobugcisa lemfundo yale hlobo.

ukuvela

Ngoxa e University eMoscow kwaba cabinet equlathe amaxabiso athile bamandulo: ingqokelela Minti, zitsha antique, iphosa eqingqiweyo yamandulo kunye nethala ezizodwa amancinci. Ngokusekelwe konke oku, kwaye kukho imyuziyam. Ngowe-1889-1890, isebe imi ekuqaleni IV Tsvetaeva, ijongene utshintsho. Liphuhlisa icandelo oqingqiweyo kunye nethala leencwadi. likhanyisa ukutyabeka, imifuziselo, galvanic bafumane intsingiselo ekhethekileyo. Kule nkalo, i-Fine Arts Museum uguqulwe uqeqesho kwiziko lemfundo kunye noluntu, inkqubo yophando elinye kuquka nolwazi olusisiseko kunye iinkulungwane yembali.

Eyokuqala ukuyilwa imisebenzi ekhethekileyo wendibano lokuzoba, ukupeyinta, kunye yezandla. VS Golischev, Russian Scientist-orientalist, waba ingqokelela omhle izinto ezingaqhelekanga kwenkcubeko Egyptian yamandulo. Kamva izuza urhulumente uze ke, ngenxa unyamezelo Tsvetaeva, udlula kwi Museum (1909-1911 GG.), Ngubani uba par kunye abanini lamanani ezibalaseleyo eMpuma yamandulo.

Ezinye iingcali kunye nabanini izinto ezikhethekileyo bahlile beza kuthi evela ngaphambili, ziye zanegalelo ukusekwa nokwandiswa ziko. M. S. Schekin, uzowenza Russian, iMyuziyam lizisa izinto zobugcisa zokuhombisa kwiinkulungwane 13-15. nokupeyinta Italian isebenza. Umfanekiso Excellent Italian ngenkulungwane elinesixhenxe anikwa Grand neTshawekazi laseYork bashiya Elizavetoy Fedorovnoy kunye D. A. Homyakovym, uyise Slavophile odumileyo. Zakudala AA Bobrinsky banikela zezibane, iiwotshi, kunye neminye imizekelo ekubunjweni art French. Umtshana Golenishcheva thaca ingqokelela yemizobo ye ezindala Russian kanye zaseYurophu.

Isiqalo

Kuvulwa Museum of Arts Fine ngokusemthethweni ngomhla wokugqibela ngoMeyi 1912. iindwendwe Wawongwa msitho waba Nicholas II kunye uKumkanikazi Maria Fedorovna. Umlawuli wokuqala, lowo wayalela imyuziyam ukususela 1911 de ekufeni kwakhe, wamiselwa IV Tsvetaev. Le arhente nangoko ndizuze kuthandwa phakathi iindimbane. ukuya yakhe omkhulu kakhulu: up abantu 800 kwi evekini, 2500 - ngexesha leeholide kunye veki. Isambuku iindwendwe bezibandakanya ootitshala nabafundi kwizikolo eziphakamileyo, Courses Higher for Women, iYunivesithi yaBantu. A. L. Shanyavskogo, eMoscow Archaeological Institute. lemveli lwembali yehlelwa artists kunye nabameli abefundisi. Abafundi apha esikolweni, kwaye abo bafuna ukufunda inkcubeko ixesha apho guided uhambo.

kuhlale

Iminyaka eliqela (de-1930) kukho transfer yobugcisa Western baseYurophu nempahla uhulumeni eMoscow lweMbali ezahlukeneyo (art kunye iconography Ostroukhova, yesicelo ezeMbali kunye namaziko) ukusuka Tretyakov Igalari. Imizobo emininzi thaca le Hermitage, wabelane ingqokelela iLeningrad fund yakho. Songa embindini igalari umsebenzi ezindala Koloni. collection yaMandulo zasempumalanga eziqulethwe amawaka ezinye iipilisi ngoonobumba kunye nezinye ezikhumbuzo amawaka amathathu elo xesha.

utshintsho

Ngowe-1932, elo ziko laye igama kunye awusebenzeleyo ndimnika igama State Museum of Arts Fine, yaye kwiminyaka emihlanu kamva wanikwa igama A. S. Pushkina. Ngexesha lemfazwe nabahlala German inxalenye enkulu lokuqokelela sahlanganiswa naseNovosibirsk kunye Solikamsk. Esi sakhiwo uqwengwe ubunzima kwizivubeko neziqhushumbisi. Ngowe-1944, i-Museum Pushkin waqalisa kakulu.

uphuhliso

Phakathi kwinkulungwane yama-20 ivale State Museum of New Western Art (GMNZI). Kulo mba, ukuqokelelwa yakhe yahlulwe phakathi eMoscow kunye nokugcinwa iLeningrad. Pushkin Museum agcwaliswa ezibukekayo (malunga 300) kunye eqingqiweyo (ngaphezu kwama-80) imisebenzi iinkosi ka 19-20 leminyaka, eMpuma naseMelika. Yena yacebisa ingqokelela yemizobo yokugcina. Kwakhona imisebenzi French Post-Impressionist kuquka umboniso omtsha. Museum. Pushkin efika ngexesha le wabaqokeleli eyinkunzi. Baba Ivan Morozov kunye S. I. Schukin. Ngenxa olu ngeno Pushkin Museum uba umnini obukhulu, abanegama ehlabathini lonke. Kwiinginginya ezibanzi ukuqokelelela ifumaneka ukususela 1953, xa ezinye imisebenzi idluliselwe udidi amalungu asisigxina Art Gallery mboniso. Iminyaka 20 kwakukho utshintsho kwisakhiwo lonke lo mboniso, yaye ke abantu ngokupheleleyo sikwazi ukufumana imisebenzi yokudweba kunye sculpture ezivela kwintlanganiso yokugqibela.

Isigaba esilandelayo

Iminyaka 4 (1949-1953.) Ngaba thaca lo mboniso ekhethekileyo. Museum. Pushkin wabonisa ingqokelela izipho Stalin. Kodwa ke, umboniso ukulungiswa abasisigxina livulekile, ikhula. Iindonga sakhiwo abangaphezu kwe-1200 ibonisa, ukubonisa imisebenzi yeziko waboleka evela eziqokelelweyo basekhaya angaphandle. 1955 yaba sisiganeko kubomi benkcubeko kwikomkhulu. Ngeli xesha, umboniso eyodwa mizobo kwi Pushkin Museum. Iziko ubonisa yobuciko i Dresden Gallery. Ngelo xesha lithile wasindiswa ekutshatyalalisweni yi amajoni yiSoviet. Kamva collection kwabuyiselwa ezindongeni ziko phantsi kolwalathiso elibukhali P. D. Korina. It wasiwa kuqala kummandla Russia ngexesha mboniso imfazwe art. Museum. Pushkin igcinwe obu buncwane. Oku kwenziwe imibulelo ukuba kukunyameka ofisi zabasebenzi.

Museum lenkundla. Pushkin. imiboniso

Modern Pushkin Museum iqulathe ntlobo ezine sesichengeni:

1. Umfanekiso indibaniselwano bokwakha ziyazalana. Bona modified noko ngenxa eqongeni eyunivesithi, zisekhona i Pushkin Museum (eMoscow). Lo mboniso ubandakanya eqingqiweyo i Near East, bamaXesha Aphakathi, amangcwaba Italian kunye Northern Renaissance.
2. Icandelo le ubugcisa nenkcubeko lempucuko yamandulo yokuqala. Kufakwe izinto ukusuka kwimingxuma olwenziwe abasebenzi lemfundo.
3. Art Gallery 8-20 leminyaka. Oku limelwe ngokwasemisebenzini iinkosi yaseYurophu endala, imifanekiso baseByzantium, amibala yamandulo. Ngelo xesha linye ungabona imisebenzi owayephila abaculi ngamazwe kunye abakroli. Ngokukodwa wayakhela mboniso. Museum. Pushkin thaca KUNYEnokutyhilwa eyenzelwe ukubonisa ukududulelwa zaphawula yonke neentsingiselo ezivela kwizikolo ezahlukeneyo.
4. ISebe lweengqokelela yakho eqokelelwe izinto ezohlukeneyo ingqibelelo lolondolozo kunye ingqalelo ngamnye mbuthi nganye.

modernity

Namhlanje, kwisakhiwo ithatha Pushkin Museum, oko inani elikhulu (670 000) imisebenzi imikrolo nokupeyinta, ubugcisa kunye nobugcisa, imisebenzi yobugcisa graphic, numismatics kunye zakudala, nokufota zobugcisa. Zimelwe kwi ziko kunye mboniso ngqangi. Pushkin Museum ibamba ubungqina obungamaxwebhu ezinxulumene imbali, inzululwazi kunye nelifa epistolary owasungula wayo kunye nabanye abantu zenkcubeko neyobuchule. Ngenxa yophando kunye nokubuyiselwa yayo kumasifundisane i Pushkin Museum uyakwazi ukulungisa imisebenzi ezimashakeleyo ya vutshila. Angaba neqhayiya kunye nethala uphando ezizodwa, njengomnye intle kwikomkhulu. Ukususela ngo-1991, le myuziyam ithatha indawo kwiRejista State of izinto ingakumbi ezixabisekileyo zelifa lenkcubeko abantu Russia.