Eyona iphambili yale yokuhlala lwasemanzini ... Properties zokuhlala zasemanzini

Amanzi kuye kwaba yimfuneko nje kuphela ebomini, kodwa zokuhlala eziphilayo ezininzi elide. Kuye eziliqela iimpawu ezizodwa, apho achaza ngayo kweli nqaku.

ezihlala emanzini: uphawu

Ziliqela izinto zokusingqongileyo esibonakaliswa zonke yokuhlala - iimeko phantsi ubomi inane kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo. Xa kuthelekiswa emhlabeni-moya, zokuhlala zasemanzini (Grade 5 lihlolisisa lo sihloko kwisifundo Geography) iphawulwa ezixineneyo kunye noxinzelelo drop obonakalayo. isici sayo lisahlulayo isixa encinane oksijini. izilwanyana zasemanzini, eziphilayo zasemanzini babiziweyo, ngeendlela ezahlukahlukeneyo siqheliswe ngakumbi ukuba siphila kwiimeko ezinjalo.

amaqela Environmental eziphilayo zasemanzini

Uninzi eziphilayo lujolise Ebubanzini wamanzi kolwandle. Ayavumelana ngamaqela amabini: ezincinane kunye nektonic. Iqela lokuqala luquka iintsholongwane ulele blue-eluhlaza, jellyfish, kwezilwanyana, njalo njalo. N. Nangona kukho inyaniso yokuba abaninzi kuwo ungaqubhi uwedwa babo, abakwazi ukumelana anamandla. Ngoko ke, ehamba eziphilayo planktonic ukusuka lwangoku emanzini. Ukuziqhelanisa ezingamakhaya zasemanzini ebonakaliswa ubungakanani yabo encinane, ubunzima ethile ephantsi ubukho outgrowths isici.

Ukuze nekton eziphilayo ezi iintlanzi, izilwanyana, izilwanyana zasemanzini. Abayi ixhomekeke amandla kunye nolwalathiso yokumpompoza kunye enyakanyakeni amanzi kuphela. Oku kunegalelo imilo iimeko kwemizimba yabo aphuhliswe kakuhle amaphiko.

Elinye iqela eziphilayo zasemanzini into perifeton. Oku kuquka abemi zamanzi, ezithi iqhotyoshelwe zeendawana. Le imfunxa, ezinye ulele, izixhobo polyp. Xa umda ngamanzi kunye nokusingqongileyo komhlaba-moya kumiwa neuston. Oku ikakhulu izinambuzane, abaqhagamshelwe kunye ifilim ngamanzi.

Properties zokuhlala zasemanzini

Phakathi iimeko zokusingqongileyo -bume amanzi idlala indima ephambili kwemiqathango obushushu kunye nokukhanya. Bangakwazi kuqwalaselwa ukuba zinciphise. Ngenxa yoko, ubunzulu ubuninzi apho kukho izityalo nto malunga 270 m. Wafela khona lona lisiza ezibomvu ukufunxa ukukhanya iyona. iimeko nzulu ukulungiselela photosynthesis khona.

yokuhlala emanzini, nto leyo Uphawu kumba kakhulu, kunye nezalathisi bade ezahlukeneyo ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi. Ngenxa yimpembelelo izilwanyana bakhe ubomi kuphela kubunzulu ezithile.

iimeko lobushushu

Eyona iphambili okusingqongileyo zolwelo kukuba kuthelekiswa umoya nokunyuka ubushushu lula. Umzekelo, kwiingcamba kumphezulu wolwandle, eli nani awudluli degrees 10-15 ngasentla zero. lobushushu amanzi A kwi-njalo ubunzulu. umda awo ifikelela -2 ° C. Loo lobushushu inikwa ngumntu omkhulu ethile amandla ubushushu bamanzi.

amadama ukukhanya

Enye inkalo oyintloko bume zolwelo kukuba ubunzulu amandla elanga kunciphisa. Ngoko ke, izinto eziphilayo ixhomekeke ubomi kabani kwesi salathisi akakwazi kuhlala anzongonzongo kakhulu. Okokuqala kumayelana lona lisiza. Kunzulu 1500m ukukhanya na ukungena konke konke. Ezinye intlanzi, coelenterates, intlanzi kunye saselwandle esineqokobhe babe impahla bioluminescence. Ezi zilwanyana ezinzulu-ulwandle ngokwabo ukuvelisa ukukhanya yi igcwala lipid. Iimpawu ezinjalo ukuba banxibelelane nabanye.

uxinzelelo lwamanzi

Ingakumbi ukuntywiliselwa eyomeleleyo yaba kongeza uxinzelelo lwamanzi. 10 m, eli nani liphuma kwisibhakabhaka. Ngoko ke, inkoliso izilwanyana zenziwa kuphela ukuya kubunzulu ethile kunye noxinzelelo. Umzekelo, annelid amanundu bahlala kuphela kwindawo kwamaza, kunye coelacanth ithotywe 1000 m.

Moving kwabo amanzi

Ukuhanjiswa amanzi enemo ezahlukeneyo izinto. Ngoko ke, ukutshintsha umhlaba lethu indawo kuthelekiswa lilanga kunye neNyanga ibangela phambi kwiilwandle kunye neelwandle, olwandle. Amandla womxhuzulane koMhlaba kunye nempembelelo umoya ukugeleza nasemilanjeni. Ukuhanjiswa rhoqo amanzi idlala indima ebalulekileyo yendalo. Kuyinto iintshukumo ngokwelizwe kwamaqela awohlukeneyo eziphilayo zasemanzini, imithombo ukutya neoksijini, nto leyo ibaluleke kakhulu. Inyaniso ukuba okukule irhasi ebalulekileyo emanzini kangangezihlandlo ezingama-20 ngaphantsi kwe-bume emhlabeni-moya.

Apho wenza oksijini emanzini apho? Oku kungenxa nokuhanjiswa kunye lisiza imisebenzi ukuphumeza photosynthesis. Ngenxa inani labo lehla nge ubunzulu sinciphile kwaye ukufumaneka kwe-oksijini. Kwiingcamba ezantsi, eli nani oluncinane kwaye kudala iimeko phantse anaerobic. Eyona iphambili yokusingqongileyo zolwelo kukuba xi oxygen liyancipha kunye nokwandisa amandla kunye neqondo lobushushu.

Isalathisi lumtyuba amanzi

Wonke umntu uyazi ukuba amanzi idlamkile enetyuwa. Iqela yokugqibela kuquka ulwandle kunye neelwandle. Isalathisi yokwanda ulinganiswa PPM. Esi sixa izinto eziqinileyo-1 g yamanzi. Le etyuwa avareji iilwandle yi PPM 35. Izinga eliphantsi baye elwandle, zibekwe izibonda kulo mhlaba. Oku kungenxa yomkhenkce yokunyibilika ngamaxesha - iibloko emikhulu yamanzi ekhenkcezisiweyo acocekileyo. Uninzi planethi na uLwandle enetyuwa oluFileyo. Akukho uhlobo olunye eziphilayo. amandla awo usondele 350 PPM. Ukususela imichiza emanzini ibe chlorine, sodium nezinki.

Ngoko ke, lo msebenzi osemqoka eziyintloko bume zolwelo ukwanda kwayo phezulu, lo viscosity, umahluko lobushushu eliphantsi. Eziphilayo ne kubunzulu obukhulayo limited yi umlinganiselo wamandla elanga kunye neoksijini. ubomi emanzini, leyo ibizwa kwizinto zendalo, ezinokubangela ukuhamba kwamanzi okanye uhambise ngokwabo. Ukuze siphile kulo meko, baye eziliqela naphaya: ubukho kumculo yokuphefumla, amaphiko, iimeko imilo umzimba, isihlobo ubunzima bomzimba encinane, a outgrowths ekuso.