Ezibonisa lwangaphandle nokufaneleka lwangaphandle eqhelekileyo, nondiliseko

Ingcaphephe psychology yabantu Goethe nehlekisayo nje ibinzana omnye lithathwe indlela ezikhawulelana imigaqo yokuziphatha yangaphandle, "abantu abaninzi kakubi okubi kule planethi khangela ngokufaneleyo ukuze ngoku liprintwe emakhadini iKrismesi." Oku lonke Goethe, kodwa oku kwaye icacisa imfuneko isilungiseleli seglosi lwangaphandle - yokugubungela imikhwa ngokubekekileyo zange ibenomtsalane kakhulu ngokweemvakalelo.

Yintoni ukuhlonipheka lokwenyaniso ubukhazikhazi

Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba ufake isitampu kuhlalutywa ukuziphatha umntu kaThixo, siyabona ukuba yintoni na beneentloni, njengoko kunjalo. Isikhokelo "Indlela yinkwenkwe elungileyo," ukususela ngexesha Alexander I, yapapashwa abaliqela. Ukuba kukho kuphela le "imigaqo imbeko nokuhlonipheka", epapashwe ngo-1819 kwi album abantwana ezixabisekileyo yezikhulu.

Igama elithi "nondiliseko," ngoko ke akukho othandwayo, kodwa intsingiselo yawo kwacaca, kwaye wamkeleke kunye ingqikelelo uhanahaniso. Igalelo ekugcinweni novakalelo kuluntu eliphezulu le ebizwa ngokuba "UGeorge" kunye aferistki, isemzimbeni namakhubalo zegolide belindile-chain kunye ryadivshiesya kwi ingubo. Ukwahlula lady weqiniso okanye nene le lukanombombiya ngeentsiba ipikoko ayikwazanga kuphela yokuziphatha kuluntu. Nokuba zangaphandle nokuhlonipheka enemiqathango ngokusa nexhala okanye abaqhelekileyo complaisance wakukhonza okanye inzala ofundileyo kakuhle le "iyaxela embindini 'wangcatsha intloko yazo.

Umbhali German kwinkulungwane XIX emva kwexesha, Lion Feuchtwanger kulo mba wavakalisa icebiso: "Kuzo zonke izenzo ezimbi ezibonisa kakhulu eyonakalisayo." Eneneni, nokugcina ubomi olungahlangabezani umntu wangaphakathi, umthwalo maxa wambi omkhulu. Ngokuphelele uyavumelana nale ngokusesikweni kunye Kant, ephawula ukuba nayiphi nokuhlonipheka akukho nto ngaphezu jonga omhle.

Ukushiya indlela angqwabalala, wachaza ukuba nokuhlonipheka kwintsingiselo yalo ephambili - akunamsebenzi baze babe amaGrike akumgangatho ophezulu, kodwa ukuba sihlale apho ke lula ngakumbi. Le nto ngaphezu nondiliseko kunesiqhelo. Nokufaneleka ubukhazikhazi, ngokulandelelana, ingaba kwenzeka nayiphi na kuluntu.

Imithetho ezibonisa kwi nangolwamasiko Upper Light

Zombini ukuhlonipheka lwangaphandle kunye nezicelo zangaphakathi kufuna iinzame kunye nokuhlolwa rhoqo. Abekho moya andiqhayisi, kodwa Bizani zokumodareyitha ufuna ukuthobeka womgwebo kunye isilumkiso ebumnandini.

Xa ukukhanya ngokucokisekileyo, umntu ofanelekileyo kufuneka ilifa mpawu zilandelayo:

• sound umgwebo, hlela, iingcamango kuphela kunye namazwi, kodwa izenzo kunye nendlela ayibona ngayo izenzo zabanye abantu;
• yokuziphatha eliphezulu kunye ingqibelelo zokuziphatha;
• ukuthotyelwa imithetho yokuziphatha kunye noluntu apho emi kuyo;
• nokunyamezela yabanye, ubuchule uqaphele yokongamela engaqhelekanga, ukuba ayikho oluthukayo;
• ukugcinwa nesidima kuyo nayiphi na imeko;
• umnqweno ukunceda abanye ngaphandle amabango imbuyekezo kungelula, iindleko okanye ixhoba kunokwenzeka ngesandla sakhe.

I Goethe efanayo, bethetha kwicala yokuziphatha umba, kusengqiqweni ukuba uqaphele ukuba nokuhlonipheka yangaphandle kufuneka ugwetyelwe.

Imithetho yokuziphatha kwi "Encyclopedia wobomi"

1992 "Encyclopedia yobomi", le ncwadi yongeza kancinci ngasentla, kodwa masitsho wayeqhelene imithetho sibuye zimiswe bakuthi kutshanje. Ngoko ke ukubona izinto ezibonisa indlela:

• ngokulandelelana, ukubamba isikhundla sakhe;
• aphethe abanye abantu ngentlonipho;
• ukuba ukubonisa echwayithile xa kubhekiselwa kubantu abanayo imihlaba ukuba lusizi;
• Musa ukubonisa uhlobo abanekratshi;
• ukuba ukuphazamisa interlocutor kwincoko, ngoko nangoko - musa ngathi ukuba ube ngumthombo lobuya;
• akanyanzeli nabani na ukuba ukwamkela eyakho imbono, kodwa kuma okusesikweni ngokwemiqathango ukuba uxambuliswano kwabanye;
• Musa ngelithi i Tete-a-Tete nabanye abantu eluntwini;
• Musa ukubeka isihloko incoko umntu;
• ukwenza uhlobo kunakuqala ixesha intetho, ukuze ufumane amandla uxolo ushiye umthombo, ukuba ufuna ukuhamba.

ezibonisa isela

Eyaziwa engumphangi Sonka iGolden Pen wayeyincutshe elihle ezintsha, kunye izisulu de kube ngumzuzu wokugqibela babecinga ukuba usebenza elinye inenekazi ehloniphekile kakhulu. Eli bhinqa abafunde kakhulu, ngokulula bafunda iilwimi ezintlanu kwaye i imbonakalo enomtsalane ngentombazana abamsulwa.

Zonke iivesi yimpumelelo enkulu azenzileyo Sonya, igcinwe ubuchule babo engaqhelekanga ukudlala lo isela qwa beneentloni yayo lwangaphandle, lemka izinqumo ezibonisa nangobuchule kangaka, ngokungathi yaba minor 'ngengozi "iimeko.

Ecaphula umzekelo Nozipho Blyuvshteyn, singatsho ngakumbi le ngxaki yokusetyenziswa plasticity ezinqabileyo. With ngokupheleleyo ezibonisa ubuciko, nenekazi ebonakala ongumzekelo ezindilekileyo, le umdlali ubomi yenye isiqinisekiso amazwi uCharles Colton: "Abasetyhini azikho kangangoko amadoda ukuba niyigqithe imithetho beneentloni, kodwa ukuba kufuneka ukuba baye phesheya, baya ngokumalunga noku kakhulu ngaphezulu» .

Indlela ukuqonda nokuhlonipheka e Germany

Eziphucukileyo German singaxubeki ubomi buqu kunye noluntu, ukuze bume yabo ayamkelwa ukuxoxa usapho emsebenzini kunye nomsebenzi nemiba - usapho. Uya awuthanga uve umhlobo isibheno yaseJamani ukuba "na" nasemva kweenyanga eziliqela zokunxulumana, njengoko kukutshintsha kwesigaba incoko yababini kwezi abantu abanengqondo na izigqibo kade kwaye zaziswa.

Kufuneka ukuba awuphephe umgibe sibuye nokuhlonipheka ukubuza amaJamani malunga imicimbi yakhe, kwaye sibonise umdla wokwenene kwisifundo elinikiweyo, kuba kungenjalo ujamelana incoko elide kwaye eneenkcukacha ngazo zonke iingxaki, ukuba beve iindaba, izifo kunye bonke abanye, ukuba ngqo okanye wathinta ngqo lo Herr.

BaseJamani baba ngendlela emangalisayo isabele ingqalelo ukuhlonipheka zokwalatha zangaphandle kunye ubuqhetseba ezinxulumene, ngoko ukuba awufuni ukuba ngezantsi ubuhlobo omnye wabo, musa ukuzama ukuzama kwi umfanekiso somnye.

Ezibonisa ku IsiNgesi

Ezibonisa e England - asinto Ebonakalisa lwangaphandle hayi isiphumo ukuzeyisa, uphawu lomlinganiswa, kwasekwa ebuntwaneni. Ubudlelwane - umgangatho ezisisiseko eliNgesi, ukuze nithi naye iyure kwaye wenze umnxeba evela inkcazelo echanileyo kakhulu ngemozulu, kumazinga wotshintshiselwano, kodwa asiyonto oyifunileyo ukwazi.

Ngokubanzi, kwi incoko kulungise ukuziphatha endilisekileyo eliNgesi uya ngokuqinisekileyo ukhankanye imozulu amaxesha kweshumi ngexesha incoko. Isenokubonakala engaqhelekanga, kodwa sibamba ngazibini kule enye isihloko kakuhle konyaka waseBritani akayi kuvumela ukuba uzive umise nzima okanye ulahlekile ngesihloko yokukhangela.

ENgilani, kungekhona ngexesha lonxulumano emzimbeni xa unxibelelana - kunyikima izandla, ubambe isandla sakhe interlocutor yakhe, uthathwa ukuba abe olungafanelekanga. Njengoko ingandilisekanga kwincoko kunye waseBritani lokwenyaniso ukuba uyifuna ngokwenene, ukuba kuyacaca ukuba uzama lingafuni.