Eziphathekayo pipe: koxinzelelo kwaye non-uxinzelelo

imibhobho eziphathekayo, nangona kukho phezu kwimarike kweemveliso zentsimbi kunye neepholimazi, singayekanga ukuba ithandwe. Batyekele kusetyenziswa ngexesha koohola ufakelo. Ukuba uyakwazi ukunyamezela imithwalo enzima.

enkulu isicelo

imibhobho ufakelo lwesamente zom- civil engineering. Amaninzi zisetyenziswa ngexesha lofakelo lamatanki yokubolisa, leyo aya inkunkuma mveliso ekhaya. Njengoko ngemibhobho anjalo ubudeki enkulu, ukuba esisetyenziswa ngokubanzi wayemenza abaqokeleli eziphambili. Bona sele ekuzalweni okutsha lweenkqubo uqhwithela amdaka. Imibhobho ezinjalo kufuneka inkangeleko ezahlukeneyo, nto leyo evumela ukusetyenziswa zabo ufakelo lwezoyilo ezahlukeneyo uhlobo ezinde, iziseko kunye nangaphezulu.

Iintlobo w / w pipe

imibhobho ufakelo lwesamente zihlelwa ngokwemiqathango ethile. Ngenxa yoko, ukuze bakhululeke-flow. Ezi mveliso zisetyenziswa ngokuthutha ulwelo yi womxhuzulane. awavumelekanga ukuba ukuba isicelo phantsi kweemeko abonelela ezibalulekileyo iziselo uxinzelelo. Noko ke, iityhubhu ezinjalo ukuze abone imithwalo aphezulu ngoomatshini kwaye abe neempawu amandla kakhulu.

Ulwahlulo yesibini w / w ngemibhobho - iimveliso uxinzelelo kusetyenziswa ngexesha iindlela ufakelo, asebenza phantsi imithwalo eziphakamileyo hlobo loxinzelelo lwangaphakathi. Le ezahlukeneyo iimveliso yenziwe ubugcisa obukhethekileyo, obonelela ukuphunyezwa sukube, ngakumbi iimpawu esemgangathweni. Ingcinezelo imibhobho eziphathekayo abe Ebubanzini bodonga enkulu, nto leyo maxa wambi ufikelela-10% ngokunxulumene ubukhulu ngaphakathi.

Kukho kwakhona wesizalo injongo ekhethekileyo ogama ubukhulu ngamanye amaxesha ufikelela 2 m ubude m-5. Iimveliso ezinjalo ingakumbi ixesha elide. Ke ukuba imibhobho uxinzelelo, babe omnye zokuguqulwa ezine yengcinezelo (5-20 kwemimoya), ukuba zisetyenziselwa ulwelo ukuba musa kwahluka bume ndlongondlongo. Xa imveliso iimveliso ingakumbi eqhelekileyo, ubukhulu leyo kwisithuba 40-160 cm.

imibhobho eziphathekayo zihlelwa nokuba kubunzulu ubuninzi ngokubekwa. Kukho amaqela 3, nganye kuthatha umgama ukusuka kumphezulu ngaphakathi m 2, 4 no 6.

imibhobho Socketed eziphathekayo

Loo tube na uhlobo zeplastiki zemveli okanye waphosa umjelo yentsimbi. Ukwenza kokuhambelanisa iimveliso efanayo amatywina moya kufuneka zisetyenziswe. Iimveliso ezifana nolu- kwakha, kwaye ibenza eqhelekileyo kangaka. Ubukhulu be amalungu ngaphezu ubukhulu esisiseko. Iimveliso ezinjalo kuba zombini uxinzelelo kwaye simahla-flow.

Ukumakishwa kwe izinto eziphathekayo

Ukuze uqonde ukuba yintoni na imveliso phambi kwakho - okugunyaziswe concrete ezingezo-uxinzelelo kumbhobho umsi okanye enye, ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuqonda zokuphawula. Ngenxa yoko, amanani yokuqala bunokubonwa kwimveliso non-ingcinezelo, mayixhotyiswe intsimbi ukubonisa ubukhulu idatha cross-somhlathi lwangaphakathi zidweliswe ngokweesentimitha. Ukanti yindibaniselwano yesibini ukuqonda ukuba yintoni na ubude yombhobho, oko kukuthi, ngokuzenzekelayo, luchazwa kwi decimeters. Lo mzobo yamva - umthwalo-obuvelisa amandla, nto leyo eyalatha indawo esebenzayo for obandayo nobunzulu.

Ukuba Ikholveti umbhobho linyanzelisa ikhonkrithi ingasetyenziswa xa elungiselela inkqubo uxinzelelo-hlobo, ngoko ke uya isifinyezo alphabetic TN. Phambi sobosobo kumbhobho, yedwa okanye ukumisa lezibuko kuyo, ungabona mshini TB, TP, TS, ngokulandelelana. Kodwa ke emi iimveliso nokuhlangana zingaquka oku kulandelayo ukumakisha: HF, DFT, TBFP, TO, TE kunye nabanye.

Nobubi w / w iimveliso

Okuye kwabethelelwa pipe pressureless eziphathekayo okanye uxinzelelo ezininzi iingenelo, owokuqala leyo ebandakanya amandla aphezulu kunye nokuthembeka kweemveliso. Ezi ziimpawu ngenxa ubugcisa ekhethekileyo imveliso. Loo ukulahlwa centrifugal uvelisa iimveliso kangako elide. Ngexesha nokuveliswa kwaye usebenzise ngakumbi block-kwezigqibo. An plus eyongezelelweyo w / w yemibhobho ezivelileyo iindleko encinane, nto leyo ziyacaca iindleko ayikho phezulu kwi imveliso; kwaye ukukwazi enziwe iinguqu obushushu. Ngaphezu koko, iityhubhu ibe esisetyenziswa ngokubanzi uluhlu lobushushu. mabangaze bavunyelwe ukuba basebenzise kwiimeko ezinzima zendalo. Ikhonkrithi awukwazi kuchaphazeleka ngokudleka ibola, nto leyo ebangela abathengi ukuba ukhethe rhoqo ngakumbi kunentsimbi. Phakathi amancedo ziingcali aphake iimpawu Heating umbandela, kuyanceda ukuphelisa kwemisinga singawi. Mkhonzeni iimveliso ezifana ngaphezu kwesiqingatha senkulungwane.

Bendlela w / w pipe

Ferro-ezinokwakheka imibhobho free-flow kunye noxinzelelo kwaye abe ezithile downsides. Maxa wambi kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa izixhobo esikhethekileyo ibandla, ngokwenza intsebenzo yomsebenzi olubiza kakhulu. Kwakhona, ukuze ndiye kakuhle ulwelo kwezinye iimeko kukho imfuneko nokuthambisa isixhobo kumphezulu lwangaphakathi kwemibhobho kunye nesakhiwo ezizodwa, ebandakanya iindleko ezongezelelweyo zabasebenzi.

GOST 6482-88

nokuveliswa Standards silawula GOST: imibhobho eziphathekayo kufuneka athobele iimpawu yokuxhathisa amanzi, koko, kufuneka bangenele lwangaphakathi uxinzelelo hydrostatic ngaphakathi 0.05 MPA. I ikhonkrithi kufuneka zimelane yiqabaka. Ngaphezu koko, ngokusekelwe imibhobho kufuneka eziphathekayo enzima ngokwezinto GOST 26633, amandla ayo compressive kufuneka alingane B25.

zingatshintshwa uthe amandla ucinezelo, kodwa lungakho engamkelekanga oludlulela ngaphaya Standard 13015,0. Amanzi udonga Umbhobho enganyangekiyo kufuneka zithobele w4 eklasini. ukufakwa Amanzi kufuneka ingadluli 6% ngokobunzima. Njengoko isakhelo nokuqinisa ingasetyenziswa intsimbi-A I no A-III (GOST 5781).

Iimpawu w / w pipe

Zonke iinkcukacha ezisemgangathweni w / w pipe lilawula GOST wathi, nogunyaziso pipe eziphathekayo ezingezo-ingcinezelo kufuneka simahla iintanda ezindongeni, kungenjalo ukusebenzisa umsebenzi wabo akunakwenzeka. Njengoko umahluko ezivelileyo iintanda shrinkage ububanzi ogama ayidluli 0.05 mm. Ukuphelela imigangatho kuchazwa. Ngenxa yoko, iityhubhu ukuba zifakwe iilebhile TB, PMT, TBP, kwaye NB kufuneka siqaphele wayinikela kumthengi kunye amakhonkco lokutywina kwakheka kwi sisiseko ngerabha. Umgangatho kwakhona kumiselwa nokuchaneka lokumakisha, oku kubonisa ukuba umenzi uye walandela ngokucacileyo imithetho zicaciswa gca kule iindwendwe. Ukumakisha kufuneka isicelo kumphezulu engaphandle kwezisekelo, nokumakishwa singaba kwesinye isiphelo uhlobo tube omhlophe.

Le ngobubanzi ye imibhobho eziphathekayo sele ikhankanyiwe apha ngasentla kwaye zahlukahlukene kakhulu. Kuba ukufakelwa kwenkqubo uyakwazi ukukhetha imveliso kunye parameters ekhankanyiweyo. Musa ukucinga ukuba xa ufakelo kuya kufuneka ukuba ukutyala imali izixhobo ezinzima, le nkqubo iya kuba kakhulu ibiza kakhulu kunalowo isekelwe ityhubhu ngayo ezinye izinto. Emva kokuba imibhobho eziphathekayo ungahlawula ngokwayo phezu ebomini, ngaphandle kokufuna wokulungisa ixesha elide.

kuqiniswe imibhobho concrete iziseko zibe lula ukuba ngokubekwa, nto ke leyo ebangele ukuba lisetyenziswe ngokufuthi, kodwa ngaphambi kokuba self-indibano nkqubo kuyimfuneko ukuba ubonane yincutshe.