Gaz-63 - ilori eSoviet. Imbali, inkcazelo, iinkcukacha,

Gaz eyaziwa iilori yayo. Cala ezibonakala, drive diff-wheel ndingaz-51 yaba kwebali shishino nemoto yasekhaya. wheel-Four drive ndingaz-63 Ngokufa wahlala kwimemori fans kuphela, kodwa mbali abalibali ingqalelo yakhe.

Imbali ekudaleni

Le lori odumileyo ndingaz-AA weloli kuphela kule minyaka ilishumi yokugqibela phambi kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II. Oku kuphelelwa yaye ngokuziphatha Nngokobuchwepheshe, kwaye zifuna ukutshintshwa. Army wheel drive truck, babedinga bonke-sendawo.

Ebutsheni bowe-1938, xa i-Gorky Automobile Plant kubo. Molotov sele uqalile umsebenzi nokudalwa uthotho iilori ezilungiselelwe iimeko indlela enzima. Emibini kunye asi ezintathu--wheel yonke drive truck isisu semoto hlukile ikakhulu iziseko ubude.

I zazingenela imoto drive-wheel ezine ndingaz-63 waqalisa imbali yayo ngo-Apreli 1938. Emva konyaka, la AMAGQABAZA ▸ kuqala kwakhiwa, lowo ubesazeka elalisakuba ndingaz-62. Baye Walizinzisa iinjini maxesha ukusuka lori ndingaz-MM umthamo kwezingama-50. a. Cab iveni esetyenziswa yi-Gaz-415, isisu semoto yasungulwa ngqo kule modeli.

features design

Ukuphuhliswa uyilo indlu entsha engaganwanga. Lo msebenzi ephambili ukudala isithuthi zonke-kwendawo, ngoko ke ugxininiso yabekwa kwisisu semoto.

A ilungiselelo bahluke - injini ofumaneka ngaphezu kwe-asi engaphambili - anikwe ngokunciphisa ubude isiseko ukunyusa umthamo.

ivili lokuqala olunye nokubabeka ngaphambili efanayo kunye ulandelele umva, ukuba babeqhuba, uqoqosho amafutha ngenxa engaphambili-wheel drive kungenziwa bekhubazekile. amavili Gable yokukhulisa ukuba isanti kunye nodaka kwanyanzeleka ukuba sandise umkhondo kukhokelela power kwemfuneko. case Transfer yasekwa ukuze ubude emigodini nenjini kunye ngaphambili kunye asi angasemva into efanayo. kumiswa oxhomekekileyo zonke amavili ekwikhompyutha imithombo amagqabi semi-okweqanda kunye ngaphambili wayekade kabini-esebenza absorbers umothuko hydraulic. Ngamanzi, waba handbrake actuator.

Ekuqaleni kuka-1943, imoto watshintsha-moya kunye injini. Ngenxa ndlwana ukusuka 'Studebaker ", yena waqhubeka kwaze kwaba sekupheleni Faka-Lease.

Oko laqala kuveliswe le moto ngo-1948 kunye kwindlu ka ndingaz-51. Ubukhulu ndingaz-63 ngobuwena entsha wamisela 5525 × 2200 × 2245 mm.

izixhobo Military phezu isiseko kumatshini

Ngo-Oktobha 1943 kwi-Gorky Automobile Plant waqalisa ukuba umpu esingazihambeliyo enamasondo bodidi shaka 76 mm. NgoMeyi 1944, kwakhululwa nekopi yokuqala. Kumacala omabini umpu abe ngusihlalo we umqhubi kunye umphathi-gunner. Nezikhali yayiquka amaqokobhe amahlanu anesibhozo. Ndalwa le moto ekupheleni kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II.

Ngaxeshanye kunye nophuhliso lo evenini endaweni yalo isibane isithuthi-asi ezimbini vehicles yasungulwa ngo-1947 kunye nomzimba monocoque, eyaziwa ngokuba BTR-40. APC lwenzelwe paratroopers ezisibhozo. Wamavili lehle nge-600 mm, amandla injini kuvuselwa iilitha 81. c., Bakwanda umda ongentla njalo ukujikeleza kwaye bebingelela ihlala ukuba izixhobo ezithile emkhosini Akukhathaliseki.

It yambethe umpu womatshini iinkqubo BTR Goryunova, iimbumbulu sapho lwaluquka 1,260 rounds emthethweni. Umpu matshini ayikwazanga mayixhonywe emacaleni enye kwizibiyeli ezine. Ngelo kwizibiyeli efanayo ingafakwa umatshini gun DP, ezibe paratroopers abaxhobileyo. Nenguqulo BTR-40A iye ifakwe amawele umatshini enzima guns KVPT. Ngowe-1993, i-yenethiwekhi yabasebenzi vehicles kuyekiswe inkonzo.

Kwi kwisisu semoto ndingaz-63 yaveliswa ngowe-1950 kwaye umatshini imfazwe irula zokudubula BM-14 "Katyusha".

production mass

Ukususela ekuqalekeni ekwindla ka-1948 yaqala ngobuninzi i ndingaz-63. Iimpawu ngexesha kwaqinisekiswa ngempumelelo iimvavanyo karhulumente, ngexesha apho ukoyisa liphume kwi-30 °, iivesi ezi ukuya ku 0.9 m kunye izisele ukuya 0.76 m ubunzulu. Ukusetyenziswa kwe ipetroli yayixabisa A-66 zisukela ku-25 ukuya 29 eelitha-100 km, umthwalo kwindlela kayivulele - 2.0 m, ehamba kwindlela zomhlaba - 1.5 m.

Indawo leyo eqhwalela kakhulu le moto iye hexa kwi-high speed cornering. Clearance waba 270 mm kunye ingoma emxinwa, kwenyusa permeability evenini, kodwa ukwanda kubangele akhuphe nokuphakama cornering, ezintabeni. Oku kwakunjalo ingakumbi ad eliphezulu ndingaz-63, ezifana ezimotweni okanye amanzi.

Ngehlobo lowe-1968 oko wakhululwa lokugqibela imoto imveliso. Kuba lonke ixesha 474 lamawaka. Cars zokuguqulwa ezahlukeneyo zaveliswa. Baye athunyelwa kumazwe yobusoshiyali, Finland, kuMbindi Mpuma, Asia and Afrika.

ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe

I GDR, Poland, basala yiYugoslavia eMpuma Yurophu, Vietnam, North Korea, eLaos kunye Mongolia eAsiya, Cuba, amazwe aseAfrika - urhulumente, obubonelela irhasi-63. Price Ukuthunyelwa iimoto uphansi. Nezixhobo ezikhutshwa ngaphakathi uncedo emaqandeni lwamazwe lobuhlobo.

Amazwe ziye sasiyinikile engundoqo drive imodeli ezine-wheel truck ndingaz-63 no 63A, 63P kodwa zokuwaguqula kwi kumanye amazwe kunye nenguqulelo yimvula nje kuphela, iimoto amsindise izixhobo 63E, iibhasi kule isisu semoto kunye neminye imifanekiso.

Ukongeza, eMntla Korea ukususela 1961 phantsi igama lebrendi Sungri-61 Sungri-61NA yaye China ukususela 1965 phantsi uphawu Yuejin NJ230 kunye NJ230A eyenziwe iimoto mvume yiSoviet ngokusekelwe kulo matshini.

Ekulweni ekuqhubo wheel truck umkhosi North Korea eSoviet wazingqina ukuba umatshini yokwenene yokulwa wathola ukuqatshelwa emkhosini.

imoto impi

Phambi ko-1950, lo ndlwana imoto yenziwa ngomthi, ngoko intsimbi kunye zamaplanga iingcango, kwaye ukusukela-1956 - konke-metal. Kwaba emxinwa yaye kubanda, uyilo heater wabonakala kuphela ngo-1952, nangona into yokuba pre-ukuqala progrevateli ezifakwe kwi iimoto kunye ekuqaleni kwimveliso.

platform eluncedo ne iplanga high latticed kwakuxhomekeke macala longitudinal exhobele kunye nezihlalo kokuthutha ijoni. Emacaleni yathamba. Ayakhuselwa ngumthunzi imozulu uManeki phezu jike ezine shelwe izihlalo ezizodwa. Vehicle ukuphakama ithende 2810 mm.

It kwandisa ukusebenza emotweni nokuba nako bemlandela ezirhuqwayo ethwele amandla iitoni ezimbini.

Army offroad truck ndingaz-63 wasetyenziswa ukuba ukuthutha abasebenzi, ethwele izixhobo, kuba ufakelo kweeyunithi yokulwa.

ukulungisa SUV

iinguqulelo ezinkulu off-kwendlela ilori kukho ezimbini kuphela.

Ngaxeshanye kunye imodeli isiseko enziwa ukuguqulwa kukho into ngentambo ekupheleni phambi yesakhelo evuthelweyo ndingaz 63A for self-ukhathalelo kunye nezinye izithuthi iimeko indlela enzima. Le sokutsala into ngentambo nge ubude intambo-65 m ashukumisa umngxuma bendiza nge igunya ethengiweyo-off inqande ukosuleleka kunye namandla okuqhuba eziphuhliswe ukuya ku 4.5 m. Yokunqanda ubunzima besithuthi 240 kg ngaphezu imodeli esisiseko.

Ngowe-1958, ilori ndingaz-63P, wakhululwa slippage isondo ukusebenza kunye nomthamo umthwalo semitrailer uniaxial iitoni kane. Amavili emva itrektara ziye gable. Kunye nonyaka ozayo, isityalo esaqala ngayo ukuvelisa truck itrekta ndingaz-63D. Xa lakhe, ngokungafaniyo uguqulelo yangaphambili kwakukho PTO gearbox kunye imveliso ngoomatshini lokuqhuba uyilo tipper indlela semitrailer.

izithuthi Special esekelwe kwi lemoto

iilori amafutha, iilori ioli, amatanki ubisi, ezimotweni, iigaraji mobile, abasebenzi bezempilo kunye abaqeqeshi, ufakelo kwamagciwane, oomatshini Screw-plane behamba ngenxa ndingaz-63. unxibelelwano imoto umcimi kunye nezibane, itanki wakhululwa iinguqulelo ezininzi Vargashinsky oomatshini nezixhobo zokulwa umlilo. bag Abasebenzi nomlilo neelori yaveliswa kwi-Moscow izityalo iinjini umlilo.

Kuba emkhosini, ukongeza kwi imifuziselo ezingundoqo, abasebenzi bezempilo kunye abaqeqeshi, wasikhusela uqhagamshelwano efudumeleyo kunye olwandeleyo oomatshini eziveliswe kweentsholongwane kwaye iishawa dda-53A ngenxa sanitization entsimini abasebenzi, kweentsholongwane kwaye disinfestation kwempahla nezixhobo. kwibhoyila yoFakelo umphunga anikwe yesibaso solwelo okanye iinkuni, apho uxinzelelo yokusebenza waba umoya emine, ibhoyila-accumulator, nempompo ngesandla, paroelevatorom, izixhobo ulawulo, amagumbi kweentsholongwane ezimbini ezivuliweyo iishawa kunye kwizikrini hlambi elinambini.

iimpawu technical

Ekubeni isityalo phantse kwi efanayo ixesha udale i-truck umkhosi kuthuthwa ndingaz-51, uninzi kweeyunithi kunye neenkcukacha ke enobunye, leyo ukuba ekuhambeni kwexesha ukuba ukuqokelela ezi matshini kumgca indibano omnye, kanjalo ukunciphisa iindleko kwaye lula ukusebenza ibandla.

SUV umkhosi injini efakwe nge GAS-51-ezintandathu isiBeki nizhneklapannym umthamo 3.5 amawaka. Cu. cm. A unikezelo amancinci amandla 70 l. a. nesantya 65 km / h babuyekezwe reserve ngumthwalo weempahla okanye wezitya ngaphandle kokufaka km 780.

iitanki amafutha ezimbini, eziphambili kunye sub, banikwa isixa fuel phantse 200 iilitha zepetroli. Gaz-63 (diesel) kwavela embodiments ezahlukeneyo kunye neengcibi kwalungiswa ngcono kude kube ngoku.

Transmission kule moto-emine, iklatshi - single-diski, eyomileyo, xa wotshintsho - amanqanaba amabini kunye Splitter, nto leyo lixhotyiswe ekunciphiseni nje kuphela, kodwa ukugqithisa ngqo ukunciphisa amafutha koohola bendlela.

Gaz-63 yaba ndingenandawo, ukungafuni kwaye kulula ukuyisebenzisa, iye i uphume ephakamileyo, ngenxa ezi mpawu yaveliswa iminyaka phantse mabini. It kungabonakala ngoku, hayi kuphela phakathi fans - nokulondolozwa kukhuphiswano, kodwa phezu ezindleleni. ixabiso layo ngonyaka kwi imoto 60 ukuya 450 lamawaka, kuxhomekeka kwimeko kwaye kukho iinxalenye zomthonyama kunye neendibano.