Arduino Starter: inyathelo imiyalelo step. Kweenkqubo kunye neeprojekthi Arduino: ukuqala phi?

Arduino i uyilo ethandwa kakhulu phakathi yonke abalandeli. Kufuneka bawuqhele nabo kunye nabo abo bangevanga ngaye.

Yintoni Arduino?

Njengokuba ngokufutshane ukuba kuchazwe Arduino? Best mazwi ebengayi kuba: umyili-elektroniki. Arduino sisixhobo apho ungenza iintlobo bezixhobo zombane. Enyanisweni, oku a real hardware umgangatho wecomputing ekuyiwa jikelele. Ingasetyenziswa okwakha eesekethe, kwaye ukuze kuphunyezwe iiprojekthi ezithile ezintsonkothileyo.

UMyili ngokusekelwe hardware labo, nto leyo ikhadi igalelo-output. Kwiprogram ibhodi usebenzisa iilwimi ukuba zisekelwe C / C ++. Loo maKristu abizwa ngokuba, ngokulandelelana, Iqhubekekisa / iingcingo zombane. Ukusuka Group C ke ilifa elula kakhulu, kangokuba ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kakuhle nguye nabani na, kwaye asebenzise olu lwazi xa kusenziwa ayikho kakhulu yingxaki ebalulekileyo. Ukuba uyaziqonda lula ukusebenza, kaninzi bathi Arduino - Starter nakoosiyazi nabayili. Nkqu abantwana baqonde ngeeplanga "Arduino".

Yintoni kuyenzeka ukuqokelela?

Arduino Isicelo kakhulu ezahlukeneyo, oko ingasetyenziswa njengoko ngenxa umzekelo olula eziza ekhuthazwayo ekupheleni nqaku, yaye iindlela ngendlela entsonkothileyo, kuquka ezandleni, iirobhothi kunye noomatshini mveliso. Ezinye neengcibi ukulawula ngokusekelwe kwiinkqubo ezifana ukwenza iipilisi, phones, ukhuseleko kunye esweni neenkqubo izindlu, "smart indlu" inkqubo okanye nje iikhompyutha. Arduino-iiprojekthi kwabasaqalayo, ngubani na ukuqala ukuzibandakanya nkqu abo bangenazo amava, ke ekupheleni kweli nqaku. Abangela ukuba zingasetyenziswa ukwenza iinkqubo zamandulo ngokoqobo yenyani. Konke ukubonga okwicandelwana hardware ngokwanelisayo jikelele kunye namathuba wanikela Arduino kweenkqubo.

Apho ukuthenga amacandelo?

Ithatyathwa amacandelo yokuqala, ezenziwa e-Italy. Kodwa ixabiso leeyunithi ezilolo ayikho phantsi. Ngenxa yoko, inani leenkampani okanye abantu unokwakhela kwenziwa izixhobo Arduino-ziyahambisana kunye namacandelo ukuba ngokuqhula igama clones nemveliso. Xa uthenga ezi clones akunakuthethwa eqinisekile ukuba uza kusebenza, kodwa umnqweno ukugcina ophawula zakho.

Iinxalenye singazuzwa okanye iiseti okanye ngabanye. Kukho nkqu iikhithi kakade pre-zilungiselelwe ukuba bahlanganisane iimoto, ntaka oluneentlobo ezahlukeneyo zolawulo okanye iinqanawa. Seta, njengoko kwifoto ngasentla, Umthuthi eTshayina, uya kuhlawula $ 49.

Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo engakumbi malunga nezixhobo

Ibhodi Arduino i AVR microcontroller elula, eyathi lwaluthungwa bootloader kwaye ubuncinane ubuncinane eziyimfuneko USB-UART port. Kusekho amacandelo ezibalulekileyo, kodwa ngaphakathi nqaku kuya kuba ngcono ukuba baqwalasele nje la macandelo mabini.

Okokuqala, lo microcontroller, indlela eyakhelwe icebo apho le nkqubo ibekwe yaye luphuhliswa. Iinkqubo ezinokuchaphazela ngokucofa, imiyalezo evela ekudalweni amacandelo (resistors, transistors, abenzi boluvo, njl ...), njl abenzi boluvo inokuba Ngaphezu koko kwahluka kakhulu ngokutsho ukusetyenziswa ezenzelwe: .. Light, ukukhawulezisa, ubushushu, umgama, uxinzelelo, imiqobo kunye t. d. njengoko izixhobo ukubonisa mazenziwe kusetyenziswa amacandelo elula evela LED kunye tweeters kwizixhobo ezintsonkothileyo, ezifana imiboniso graphic. Njengoko actuators zithathwa Motors, izivingco, baphinde, servos, solenoids, kunye nabanye abaninzi, edwelisa ixesha elide kakhulu. Ngento kwezi zintlu MK isebenza kakuhle, esebenzisa iingcingo. Kwezinye iindlela kufuneka ezisebenza ngokubakho. Kodwa ukuba ngenene uqale ukuyila, uya kuba nzima ukuba bahlukane. Ngoku makhe sithethe Arduino kweenkqubo.

Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo engakumbi malunga nenkqubo kweenkqubo

Sele ukulungele ukusebenza kwinkqubo microcontroller ebizwa firmware. Kunokuba iprojekthi eyodwa, kunye neeprojekthi Arduino, ngoko firmware ngamnye enqwenelekayo ukugcina kwifolda eyahlukileyo, ukukhawulezisa inkqubo lokufumana iifayile ekunene. Oku inxeba phezu yikristale ngokusebenzisa izixhobo ezizodwa MK: badwelisi benkqubo. Kwaye ngoko "Arduino" inomnye inzuzo - oko akukho mfuneko wenkqubo. Yonke kwenziwa ukuze kweenkqubo Arduino kwabasaqalayo kulula. ikhowudi ebhaliweyo inokufakwa angene MC ngokusebenzisa USB-USB. Yenziwe le iadvanteji ethile uhlobo eyakhelwe-in advance umdwelisi nkqubo kunye spetsproshivkoy - bootloader. Bootloader yinkqubo eyodwa iqala ngoko nangoko emva nokuxhuma ukumamela, kukho nawuphi na umyalelo xa yikristale ngaba iiprojekthi Arduino ukuba idanyaze apho okanye hayi. Ukususela ukusetyenziswa bootloader iza up ezinye iingenelo nomtsalane kakhulu:

1. Ukusebenzisa omnye channel kuphela lonxibelelwano engadingi ukuba ixesha elongezelelweyo. Ngenxa yoko, iiprojekthi Arduino musa kufuna ukuba ukuqhagamshela iingcingo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo, kwaye kukho ukudideka ekusebenziseni kwabo. Ukuze asebenze ngempumelelo okwanele USB-USB.
2. Protection curve izandla. Zisa ukuya izitena microcontroller karhulumente yi firmware ngqo le, ilula, ubunzima obuninzi kuyimfuneko. Xa sisebenza kunye bootloader ukuya kuseto ezinokuba yingozi, ungakwazi ukufumana (ngokusebenzisa uphuhliso lwenkqubo, kakade, kwaye nithe nawaphula yonke). Ngoko Arduino kwabasaqalayo nje kuphela kwinqanaba imbono ecacileyo kwaye kulula ukuyisebenzisa, nangoku uyaziphepha iindleko imali engafunwayo enxulumene Ukungabinalwazi ukusebenza nabo, umntu.

Projects ukuba uqale

Xa namkela iseti, ngentsimbi ngelotha, rosin kunye solder kufuneka ibe nje ukuba ukulolonga yoyilo entsonkothileyo kakhulu. Bona, ke, unako dazzle, kodwa ithuba lokuphumelela kwi Arduino Starter ephantsi kakuhle neeprojekthi ezintsonkothileyo. Uqeqesho kunye 'ukuya' izandla unga zama ukusebenzisa ezinye neepani ezilula ngakumbi, nto leyo eza kunceda ukuqonda impefumlelwano umsebenzi kunye "Arduino". Njengoko le amanyathelo okuqala ukusebenza Arduino kwabasaqalayo kusenokuba kuhle ukuba siqwalasele:

1. Yenza LED obumbeneyo njengembumbulu, nto leyo eza kusebenza ngayo "Arduino".
2. Dibanisa Iqhosha eyahlukileyo ukuba "Arduino". Xa oku kwenziwe ukuze iqhosha uyakwazi ukunyenyisa ukukhanya LED ukusuka №1.
3. Dibanisa potentiometer.
4. ulawulo servo.
5. Connect nokusebenza tri-LED enemibala.
6. Udibaniso lwe element piezoelectric.
7. Ohlanganisa photoresist.
8. Dibanisa isivamvo kunye nemiqondiso malunga nomsebenzi wakhe.
9. Ukuqhagamshela ukufuma okanye isivamvo lobushushu.

Iiprojekthi ngenxa elizayo

Akuthandeki ukuba unomdla "Arduino" ukuze bakwazi ukuqhagamshelana LED ngamnye. Kungenzeka ukuba uthanda yi ithuba ukudala emotweni yabo, RC isikhephe , okanye eziphaphazelayo yagcina. Iiprojekthi ezinjalo zintsonkothile kuphumezo lwazo, oko kufuna ixesha elininzi kunye nonyamezelo, kodwa ngokulandela iufumana into ofuna: ngamava anexabiso elikhulu ekuyilweni Arduino kwabasaqalayo.