I-Gluten inyosi-ingozi okanye inzuzo?

Kungekude kudlulileyo, uluntu lwalujongene nombono onjenge gluten. Iindumiso ezivakalayo zeenkwenkwezi ezincinci, ezihleli kwiidlo-free-diet, zenza ukuba iingxabano zitshatile malunga neenzuzo kunye nengozi ye gluten. Yintoni le nto efumaneka kwimveliso emininzi? Ngaba i-gluten inobungozi ebhiya, kutheni kuyadingeka? Ngaba kulungile ukuba ukwesaba eli candelo? Siza kuqonda ngokubanzi iinkcukacha.

Yintoni i gluten?

Igama elithi "gluten" ngokwalo livela kwisiLatini "iglue". Ngokwenene, yiprotheyini yengqolowa yesakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi, esibizwa ngokuba yi-gluten. Le nxalenye yezolimo ezininzi (ukolweni, ibhalley, rye kunye nabanye). I-Gluten kwindlela eyomileyo ye-gray hue, ayinayo iphunga elivakalayo kunye nesinambitha. Imithombo ephambili ye gluten ingqolowa, i-rye, ibhali, i-oats, i-millet. Siyabulela ku-gluten, esempompo, xa ixutywe kunye nelayilisi, kunokwenzeka ukufumana ubunzima bokubambelela, ukuxolela inhlama eqinile. Ndiyabulela kule nto, ukupheka kuphendulela ukuba kube yomoya, ukukhanya, kunye nekhonto elimnandi. Ingqolowa ekwakhekeni kwayo ine-80% ye gluten. Ukuba umgubo unemivuzo ephantsi ye gluten, ukuxolela inhlama kuba nzima.

Ekubeni i-gluten iqulethwe kwibhali, kuyinto engokwemvelo ukuba isiselo esinqabileyo siqulethe le nto. I-Gluten ebhiya yindalo ekhuselekileyo yendalo, eyenza ukunambitheka okukhethekileyo kwaye igcina izakhiwo zesiselo.

Inyaniso ebangel 'umdla: i-gluten ayikwazi ukuncibilika emanzini, iyakwenza kuphela kunye ne-glues kunye neengqungquthela zamanzi kunye nomgubo.

Iipropati zezi zinto zenza ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuphucula ukunambitha nokudlala indima yokulondoloza.

Gluten njani?

Ukukhupha i-gluten kwi-ngqolowa ngendlela elula kwaye ishibhe. Amanzi afakwa kumgubo, ugcinwa ixesha elithile, apho isitashi iba sisisombululo. Into engenayo i-gluten. Iqhutywe kwaye isetyenziswe kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo, kokubili kokutya kunye nokuveliswa kwemveliso. Ngaba i-gluten iluncedo? Umba owomileyo uqukethe i-hydrogen, i-carbon, i-nitrogen, i-oksijeni (kunye nama-molecule esulfure), i-amino acid (i-methionine, i-lysine, i-threonine), iivithamini A, E, B, i-phosphorus. Ngenxa yoko, sinokugqiba ukuba i-gluten ebhiya ayenzi lutho olubi.

Kwiilebula ezi zinto zikhethwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

1. Isitashi esitshintshileyo.
2. Iiprotheyini zemifuno enotyiweyo.
3. Iprotheni ene-hydrolyzed plant origin.

Ngokuqhelekileyo i-gluten isetyenziswe kwiziqholo. Ukuba kuboniswe ukuba i-vitamin E yongezwa, ithetha ukuba ukubunjwa kuqukethe i-gluten, ephuma kwingqolowa. Abantu abachasene nale nto, kufuneka baqaphele. Akuyena wonke umntu owaziyo ukuba ukumakisha kwiindlela zokuzongcola "nge-vitamin E" kubonisa ukuba kukho ubungakanani be gluten ekwakheni.

Kukusetyenziswa kwamashishini?

I-Gluten yindalo yendalo yokukhusela kunye nefuthe, ngoko ke isetyenziselwa kwamashishini amaninzi:

• Ekuvelweni kwemveliso yomgubo;
• Kwiimveliso zokususa;
• Iimveliso zobisi, kubandakanya ukutya kwabantwana, yogurt;
• Imveliso yokutya emakhakheni;
• Ukuveliswa kwebhiya (gluten ebhiya);
• Amanye amayeza.

I-Gluten ebhiya: yintoni eyingozi?

Kutshanje, inkcazelo ibonakala ukuba i-gluten ye-cereal (okanye i-gluten) iyathintela umzimba womntu. Uninzi uphando lwenziwa emhlabeni jikelele, kwaye akukho namnye kubo oqinisekisile ezi nkcazo. Ingozi kuphela ye gluten yingozi kulabo abafumana ukunganyameki kwamaprotheni. Esi sifo sikhona, sisisiseko semvelo.

Abanye abathandi bebhiya baqala ukuzibuza ukuba i-gluten ayifaki imiphumo emibi. I-Gluten ebhiya, inzakalo engazange ibonwe, isetyenziselwa ukukhusela. Eli candelo alibangeli nayiphi na ingozi. Kukho uluvo lokuba iimbali zenziwe malunga nokulimala kwe-gluten ye-cereal zininzi zokuhamba ngokuthengisa, ngenxa yokuba imfuno yemveliso eyahlukeneyo yobhiya-gluten inyukile. Abantu abathembela ukukhangisa, amabhodi amabhilidi, ii-posters, ukuzama ukugcina impilo yabo, baninzi bakhetha isiselo esingenasiphelo se-gluten. Umgaqo wexabiso lo bhiya ukhula, kwaye abavelisi bahlala kuphela kumvuzo. Enyanisweni, ubukho be gluten kubhiya bufaniswa nobukho be-starch kwiitatayi.

Ubhiya ngaphandle kwe gluten

Ukuba sifanele siqwalasele zonke iimbono, kubalulekile ukuba sichaze abo bacinga ukuba i-gluten ibe yingozi.

Abanye basinceda ukuba i-gluten ye-cereal equlethwe kwibhali kunye nengqolowa yeso sizathu sokuba kubonakale "ubhiya" isisu, ukwanda kwamanani. Kukho uluhlu lwabantu abangenako ukunyamezela amaprotheni. Unqatshelwe ngokupheleleyo umxhelo wokuphuza iziphuzo zentlambo. Ukuba ibhiya iqulethe i-gluten, iyaphikiswa kubantu abanjalo. Njengomphumo wophando, abanye abavelisi baqalisa ukuvelisa ubhiya obungenanto. Lo mveliso wesondlo uye wathandwa ngabaxhasi beeprotheyini ezincinane kunye neemveliso ze-gluten.

Ubhiya ngaphandle kwe gluten luveliswa ngenye yezobuchwepheshe obuqhelekileyo:

1. Indlela yokuqala isekelwe kwinqaba yokusebenzisa ukutya okunokutya kwe-gluten, njengebhayi, rye, ngqolowa. Kule meko kuthathelwa indawo yokutya i-gluten-corn-free (corn, rice, sorghum okanye iziqhamo).
2. Indlela yesibini ivumela ukusetyenziswa kwebhali, kodwa kulo mzekelo i-gluten isuswe kumveliso ogqityiweyo.

Ukutya

Indlela yokugqiba ukunambitha, yiyiphi ibhiya ayiqukethe i-gluten? Ukuthandana kuyahluka kancinci, nangona kunjalo, ukuba iziphuzo ezitsha zilahlekelwa kukuncintisana nemikhosi yamandulo, yemveli, ebonakalisiwe.

Kule ndlela, abaqhubi banamhlanje baphucula rhoqo, oku kubonakala ngokucacileyo ngamanani. Ukuba ngo-2007 kwintambo yebhiya eMelika unokwenza iilayibhile ezisibhozo kuphela zebhere-gluten-free, emva kweminyaka embalwa lo mboniso wanda waba ngama-20. Zonke iivenkile zokutyela kunye neehotele kwimenyu yazo kufuneka ziqule iziphuzo ezingenasiphelo.

Amanqaku

Kwimarike yaseRussia, ibhiya yokuqala ye-gluten yaqaliswa ngumqondiso waseSpain uDaura Damm (Daura Damm). Ngoku iindidi ezinokungabikho kwe-gluten zinokuhlulwa njengezinto ezifana nezi:

• Iibhodi (iBard) - ukunambitha okulula, kufuphi nekampu yendabuko, kwi-base-sorghum.
• Imifuno ("i-Grins") - isiphuzo esiqabulayo sokuphuza i-tart sithandwa ngokukodwa kwizityalo zemifuno.

• Intloko ye-Dogfish Tweason ale ("Dogfish") -America ephethe ukunambitheka kwe-strawberry eyenziwe yintsimbi.
• I-Planethi entsha ("iPlanethi elitsha") - ibhiya, leyo yindoda yemali yesilivere yomthendeleko webhiya waseMelika.
• I-Lakenfront Brewery I-New Grist (i-brewery "I-Nondyebo Entsha") isiselo esingenasiphelo se-gluten esinephunga elimnandi lamaapula aluhlaza.
• I-Redbridge ("iBridge Bridge") - i-gluten-free-free e-fragrant ale iyona ethandwa kakhulu kumaMerika.
• Ukungavumelani ("Ukungasebenzi") - le bhiya yenziwe ngebhali kunye ne-malt, kodwa emva koko isusa i-gluten. Oku kwenza ukuba kunokwenzeka ukugcina inkcazo yeklasiki.

Izinzuzo zeGluten Simahla

Kubantu abadala, ukutya okuqulethe i-gluten ye-cereal ingenakonakalisa impilo. Ukuba ibhiya iqukethe i-gluten, akukho nto inobungozi kulokhu - abaphandi abaninzi bakholelwa. Iingcali zenzululwazi ziye zafakazela ukuba i-gluten iqukethe izinto ezininzi ezincedo kumzimba - i-magnesium, isinyithi, iivithamini B kunye no-D. Umzimba wokuzivikela osikhusela kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zentsholongwane kunye neebhaktheriya zikhuthazwa ngama-amino acid apha kwiprotheni. I-Threonine kunye ne-methionine - izinto ezikhoyo kwi-gluten, zikhuthaza ukulungelelaniswa kwindlela yomsebenzi wesisu esiswini, kanye kunye nokucebisa iiseli nge-oxygen.

I-Gluten-iprotheni yemifuno ebalulekileyo, ebangela ukuba kubekho umgangatho we-metabolism, iqulethe uluhlu olubanzi lwezondlo. Ukuba ulahla le protein, awuyi kukwazi ukunciphisa umzimba. Zonke iimveliso ezingenanto zogutyu eziqukethe izinto eziguqulwayo, ngokuchasene noko, zifaka isandla ekuzuzeni ubunzima.

Ngotywala, i-gluten ngeendlela ezininzi ichaphazela ukunwa kwesiselo. Kwiebhiya ezingenanto-gluten, abaninzi abakhiqizi basebenzise i-taste enhancerers enempembelelo embi kwimpilo.

Isifo seCeliac

Umntu onempilweni ongenayo nayiphi indlela yokuziphendulela kokutya, unokukhusela ngokukhuselekileyo kwi-gluten. Abantu ababhekene nesifo esiqhekezayo, ngaphambi kokuba baphuze isiphuzo sokuphuza, kufuneka ngokuqinisekileyo babuze ukuba kukho i-gluten ebhiya? Ukusetyenziswa kwe-gluten ye-cereal kuyaphikisana ngokupheleleyo.

Yintoni isifo se-celiac? Ubhekisela kwinani lokuzalwa komntwana, ukuzithobela ngokuzenzekelayo - ukunyamezela ngokupheleleyo kwi-gluten. Amathumbu amancinci achaphazelekayo. Esi sifo sitholakala kuphela kwi-1% yabemi behlabathi. Umzimba wesigulane awufumani i-gluten kwaye uyayibona njengento yangaphandle, into engaphandle, ngelixa inkqubo yokutya, iisilini zeengcingo kunye namaqabane achaphazelekayo kwaye kukho umngcipheko womhlaza.

Inkunkuma "gluten" iqukethe i-glutenin ne-gliadin, i-gliadin iyingozi kule meko. Izifo zesifo se-celiac xa i-gluten ingena emzimbeni unesilonda esincinci samathumbu emathumbu, emva koko imiphumo elandelayo: uhudo, ukungondleki, ukungaphumeleli kwezilwanyana, izifo ze-oncological, ukungabikho komntwana.

Iimpawu zokunyamezela

Siye saqikelela ukuba kutheni i-gluten ibhiya, kwaye ngokusemgangathweni akuyona nto inobungozi emzimbeni. Kodwa abanye abavelisi banqumla umyinge kwaye bongeza i-gluten eyongezelelweyo kumgubo, nezinye iimveliso. Ngenxa yoko, abaninzi abantu baqala ukubona iziganeko zokungahambelani kule nto, efana nesifo se-celiac. I-gluten ebhiya - ingozi okanye inzuzo kulo manyano? Kwizilwanyana eziqhelekileyo, i-gluten ikhuselekile kwaye iyanceda ngandlela-thile emzimbeni, kodwa ngokunyuka kwamanani, iimpawu zokunganyamezelani zenzeke:

1. Ukuphazamiseka emsebenzini wendlela yokutya (ukubhubhisa, uhudo, ukuhlengahlengisa).
2. Ukukhutshwa komzimba, ukunciphisa amandla.
3. Ukugqithiswa komsebenzi wesisombululo.

Abanye bengazi izizathu zeempawu, belahla yonke into ekudleni okungalunganga. Ukungabandakanyi ukunyamezelana kwe-gluten, kufuneka ususe ekudleni ixesha lokutya kwe-gluten (i-pasta, isonka, ubhiya kunye nabanye) kwaye ulandele ukuphendula komzimba, uvavanye impilo yakho. Ukuba ufumana le miqondiso emva kokubuyela kokutya kwangaphambilini, unako ukunyamezelana kwe-gluten. Kubalulekile ukulungelelanisa ukutya kunye nokudibana nogqirha, ukuvavanya kwisifo se-celiac.

Ukutya okungekho Gluten: ingaba kukho na ukuqonda?

Abaninzi namhlanje, benqabileyo kwindlela yokufashisa, bahlala kwiidlo-free-food inethemba lokulahlekelwa kwindleko ngokukhawuleza. Zonke iimveliso eziqulethe i-gluten zifakwe ngokupheleleyo ekudleni. I-nutritionists ivakalisa i-alarm kwaye ifowuni ukuba ingenzi njalo. Abantu bezityalo badla amakhulu eminyaka, bethola kubo umrhumo wamandla kunye nezinto ezininzi ezincedo.

Izidlo ezingenalo i-gluten ezichanekileyo zikhona ngokwenene, kodwa azikho i-calori ephantsi kwaye zithatha umsebenzi wokwelapha, zonyulwa njengoko zifunwa kuphela ngutitshala. Ngokupheliswa ngokupheleleyo kwe-gluten ekudleni, ungonakalisa impilo yakho, ukudala ukulahleka kwezinto ezininzi ezincedo. Kwizinto ezilandelayo zendalo , i-gluten ayilulwanga :

• Imifuno;
• I ziqhamo;
• Iibhontshisi;
• I-Millet, ilayisi, i-buckwheat, ingqolowa;
• Iimveliso zenyama zizenzela.

Isisombululo esona sisisiseko sinengqiqo. Ngokugqibeleleyo kwi-supermarket gluten ayikwazi ukugqithiswa. Musa ukubeka zonke iimveliso kwi-"tab". Ukulinganisa zonke iingxaki kunye neengxaki. Inketho efanelekileyo kukuba uzilungiselele ukutya kwiimveliso ozikhulile.

Izigqibo

Izibonelelo kubavelisi be gluten zininzi. Isetyenziswa kumashishini athile-ekuvelweni kokutya okusemandleni, isinkwa, i-sauces, iimveliso ezigqityiweyo. Kucacile ukuba kutheni i-gluten yongezwa kubhiya, - umkhiqizo ugcinwa kwaye ufanelekile ixesha elide, unempawu ezikhethekileyo eziphathekayo ezivela kwi-malt yebhali.

Isonka kunye nokongezwa kwe-gluten kuya kuba mnandi, i-airy, nge-crust custy. Ekuveliseni, ukusebenzisa i-gluten kunokunciphisa iindleko kunye nexesha lokuxolela uvavanyo. Ngelishwa, izityalo ezininzi zigqithise inani le gluten, kwaye oku kusenokuba negalelo elibi kwimpilo yabathengi. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-gluten ayinobungozi, kodwa ukugqithisa kwayo kunokunyusa imiphumo engathandekiyo.