Ukulimala ku gluten. Ukutya okungaHlengi

Phakathi kwabantu abashumayela ukutya okunempilo, umbuzo we gluten uyathandwa namhlanje. Yintoni na? Iyintoni ingozi ye gluten? Ziziphi iimveliso ezifumanekayo? Konke oku kuya kuxutyushwa kwinqaku.

Gluten: yintoni na kwaye kutheni kuyingozi?

I-Gluten (lat.gluten-glue) ibizwa ngokuba yiprotheni efunyenwe kwii-grain. Isiqulatho sayo esikhulu kunqunywe ngqolowa: kwiingqolowa ezingama-23788 eziproteyini ezahlukeneyo, zihlangene phantsi kwegama eliqhelekileyo le gluten, okanye gluten. Abathengi bayo nabo ba rye, i-oats, ibhali.

Abaninzi bayaziphepha iimveliso eziqukethe i-gluten. Yintoni kwaye kutheni kuyingozi? Iprotheni efana ne-rabhan efana ne-gliadin kunye ne-gluten in the composition. I-Gluten inqunywe kwimveliso ene-hydrocarbon, eneemveliso zepuphu, kwezinye iimveliso. Kunokwenzeka ukufumanisa i-gluten nakwi-ice cream. Ayichithanga emanzini, emva kokudlula i-hydration, iifom zefayile xa zikhukhumeza. I-Gluten isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimveliso yomgubo kunye nemveliso evela kuyo.

Uninzi lweprotheni yoluntu alulimazi kwimpilo. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu abavela ekuzalweni banokumelana nayo. Kule meko, umonakalo we gluten ubonakala, kuba yingozi kwimpilo.

Ukunyamezela kwi gluten

Iimveliso kunye nomxholo we gluten kubantu abaninzi (1 kwiwaka) kubangele ukunyamezela. Le ngxaki yintlupheko yemoto echaphazelekayo kunye ne-malabsorption (ukungenakwanela kwezinto ezenziwe ngumzimba). I-gluten-dependence-dependence-dependence ibonakaliswe yintlungu kwindawo yesisu, isifo sohudo.
Isifo esibucayi se-gluten sichazwa njengendlela engathandabuzekiyo yokunyamezela kwiqumrhu. Esi sifo kubangelwa ukwanda kwenani le-lymphocyte ye-intraepithelial emzimbeni onokwamkelwa okwamkelekileyo. UGluten ichazwa ngamaseli njengengozi. I-immune system ibhubhisa i-villi kwiindonga zesisu esincinci. Isiphumo sokungabikho kokuqhekeka okupheleleyo kwezinto ezincinci kukubunjwa kwezinto ezinetyhefu emathunjini nakubandezeleka.

Iyintoni ingozi ye gluten? Kubantu abadala abaneentlobo ezisisigxina (i-latent) zesifo se-celiac, kukho ukuphazamiseka kwesigxina, ukuguquka, ukubetha. Ngokuqhelekileyo, igxininiswe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zezifo zesondlo, i-dermatological pathologies. Emva kweminyaka engama-30, ifomu le-atypical libonakaliswe. Iimpawu ezihambelanayo zibonakaliswa ziziintlungu ezihlangeneyo, izifo zengqondo, ukuxinezeleka, i-migraine, utshintsho kwi-biochemical composition yegazi. Ngokwezifundo zekliniki, ukuya kuma-8 ekhulwini kwabasetyhini abangenabantwana abangenasifo esiqhwalayo basindiswe ngokukhuselekileyo, ngenxa yokutya okungekho gulen.

Ekubeni iyona nto iphambili yokunyamezelana kwe-gluten yinto yokuzalwa kwayo. Kunokwenzeka ukuxilonga isifo se-celiac ukususela ebuntwaneni. Ngomntwana, ukunyamezela kwe-gluten kubonakalisa njengama-mushy rhoqo, i-foaming stool (amaxesha amahlanu ngosuku), inonekayo. Ezinye iimpawu - isisu esikhulu esikhulu, "ukunqongophala okubonakalayo ubunzima kwiminyaka emibini, ukukhula okuncinci komntwana.

Umzimba ogule kunye nomzimba awunayo i-microelements efunekayo, izondlo, iivithamini. Ngenxa yoko izibonakaliso zesifo esibantwini zingabakho ukukhathala ngokukhawuleza, ukunyaniseka, ukungazinzi ngokomzimba (ukulila, ukukhukhumeza). Ngokuqhelekileyo, abantwana abagulayo banesifo se-dermatitis, isikhumba esibi, amaqhekeza amaninzi, ukuphulwa kwe-posture, i-anemia, isifo sezinyo kunye nesifo.
Amakhwenkwe, ekhulayo, kunye nokunyamezelana kwe-gluten baxhomekeke ekusebenzisaneni ngokwesondo, kunye namantombazana - ukuphulwa komjikelezo wesini.

Ubunokwenzeka bokuxhatshazwa kwe-gluten

Ukunyamezela kukaGluten ngaphandle kokonyango kubangelwa iingxaki ezinzulu. Iyakwazi ukuzibonakalisa kwisifo se-hepatitis, isifo se-thyreotide, i-type 1 yesifo sikashukela, i-rheumatoid arthritis, izifo zesisu, ukuya kwi-formational formations. Izifo ze-pericarditis eziphindaphindiweyo, i-scleroderma, i-myasthenia gravis, ubunzima bokukhulelwa umntwana nakho kungabangela isifo se-celiac.

Ukufumana ulwazi: umlinganiselo obalulekileyo we-gluten umxholo wabantu abanokwenyuka kwimizimba nganye kwicandelo li-1 mg nge-100 g yemveliso.

Indlela yokuxilonga isifo se-celiac?

Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukunyamezelana kwe-gluten kunzima ukuyiqonda: iimpawu zifana neempawu zezifo ezininzi. Ngona nxalenye enkulu, isifo se-celiac sifumaneka ngokuxilongwa. Ukuchongwa okujoliswe kuko kuqhutywe kwizigaba.

1. Kwinqanaba lokuqala, ukuhlolwa kwe-immunological kwegazi lomguli kuyimbopheleleko: igazi lihluke kwiimpawu zokuzimela, i-endomisis, kunye ne-antitigliodin antibodies.
2. Iziphumo ezintle ekuhlolweni kwe gluten kubangela i-biopsy: hlola umva we-intestine encinane. Inkqubo ibonisa i-acypical receptors kwi-lymphocytes, kwi-villi, izilonda. Ukuxilongwa kwangaphambili kuqinisekiswa yi-biopsy.
3. Iyesithathu, i-semi-yonyaka, isigaba yidlo yokulwa ne-gluten. Ukuphuculwa ngokubanzi kwimeko, ukunyamalala kweempawu zesifo ngokugqibeleni kugqiba isifo se-celiac.

Unyango oluphambili lubambelela ngokusisigxina kwi-gluten-free food.

Gluten: iphi na?

Uphi i gluten? Ngqolowa, ibhali, i-oats, i-rye-kunye nayo yonke imveliso evela kulawa okusanhlamvu. Iingqolowa ezivela kubo, i-bran ine-composition ye gluten. Kwezilwanyana ezithile, kufumaneka kwiiyobisi, i-kvass, i-vodka yengqolowa, i-extract malt. Kwikhofi kunye necocoa kukho le protein.

Impawu yobunjani be-gluten kwimveliso yesisu: iibhola zezilwanyana, i-cutlets, i-sausages, iimbobe ze-crab, i-chips, i-mayonnaise, i-sauces kunye nokugqoka. I-Bouillon cubes, powders, isobho ezenziwe ngokulungelelanisiweyo kunye neetye, iimveliso ze-soy iqukethe iprotheni.

Kufuneka ukwazi: izongezo zokutya E150 E160 E411 E637 E636 E953 E965 ibonisa ukuba khona kwe gluten kwimveliso. Ubukho balo bufumaneka kwiimveliso ezineeyuniti kunye neendapu.

Kuphi enye i-gluten? Ingxenye yamachiza amaninzi - i-valerian kwi-dragee, "i-Complex", ifakwe "Metronidozole", "iDiclofenac", "Fenistila", "iParacetomol", njl njl. Ingqwalasela ephambili kufuneka ihlawulwe kumalungiselelo kubantwana (iivithamini, iipilisi). Abantu abaxhomekeke kuGluten xa bekhetha amayeza kufuneka badibane nodokotela.

Ziziphi ukutya okungekho gluten?

Ukungabikho kwe gluten kufumaneka kokutya okulandelayo.

1. Ungabandakanyi umxholo weprotheni welayisi, i-buckwheat, i-corn, i-millet, i-groats, i-sago, i-sorghum, i-amaranth, i-kinoa.
2. Imifuno kunye neziqhamo zikhululekile kwiprotheni, ayifumaneka kwiifatata kunye namazambane, amaqabunga.
3. Ukusetyenziswa kwenyama, intlanzi, amaqanda ekudleni kukhuselekile kunye nokunyamezela kwe-gluten.
4. Ubisi, iimveliso zobisi ezenziwe ngendalo, ukhilimu kunye neoli yemifuno, i-gluten i-powdery ayikho.

Ukusetyenziswa kakubi kweentshizi ezinzima. Kodwa kufuneka uqaphele iilebula kwiipakethe, ukuze ungaphutha ngokukhethwa kwemveliso.

Ilayisi kunye nesifo seliliac

Ilayisi yinto enhle kakhulu kubantu abanokunyamezela kwe-gluten. Ukufika kwi-70% yeengxenye zayo zincomekile i-carbohydrate, egalela ekuphumeni ngokukhawuleza kunye nengqiqo eninzi. Iqukethe i-8% yeprotheni yemifuno, evumela izityalo ukuba zenze ngaphandle kwenyama. Ubukho befiber kwixabiso elincinci luncedo kumsebenzi omhle wesisu nesisu. Ivulela iimbumba ezinobumba kwaye ibonelela ngokukhuseleka kumsindo.

I-Vitamin B njengenxalenye yerayisi inegalelo ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwenkqubo ye-nervous central, kwaye i-lecithin ngamanani amaninzi inempembelelo ekusebenzeni kwengqondo. Okubaluleke kakhulu, i-gluten elayisi ayikho nakwii-small dose. Oku kwenza ukuba ukutya okuncedo kubantu abanengxaki yesifo esiqwengileyo.

Gluten: umveliso

Idatha yokuhlalutya ibonisa ukuba ukuveliswa kwezinto ze gluten kunye nokuthengisa kwayo kukhula (ngo-2016 ukuya kwi-4%). I-Gluten isuswa kumgubo wengqolowa isebenzisa i-centrifuges ephakathi kunye neyohlulekayo eyahlula i-gluten kwezinye izithako. Emva koko, i-gluten isomile, ngexesha apho iinqetyambo zayo ziphulwe ngama-disintegrators. Ukujikeleza isomisi kunye nobushushu obumgangatho obushushu bubangela ukuba kugcinwe isakhiwo seprotheni.

I-Gluten isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa umgubo njengesigqeba esichaza iimpawu zovavanyo: umgangatho we gluten uxhomekeke ekutheni ukuqina kwawo, ukunyaniseka. Iingqolowa ezinomxholo ophantsi weprotheyini zinika umgubo obuthathaka. Ukongeza i-gluten kuyo yonyusa kwaye inenzuzo kubavelisi: indleko yeemveliso ezinobungakanani bezentengiso ziphantsi kakhulu kuneendleko zokwenza umgubo kwintengqolo.

Ukusetyenziswa komgubo we "gluten" kubalulekile ekuvelweni kwemveliso yokubhaka kunye ne-confectionery kuyo. Ngenxa yobuninzi beprotheni, amandla okwenza amanzi ahlambulula amanzi, i-shelf life yomveliso ogqityiweyo uyanda, kunye neendawo eziphathekayo zehlama ziqiniswa. Ukongezelela, iimveliso zincinci, kwaye ipesenteji yemveliso yeemveliso ezigqityiweyo ikhula kwiiyunithi ezili-7.
Ekuveliseni imveliso ye-macaroni, iprotheni iyadingeka njenge-plasticizer kunye ne-binder, ebalulekileyo xa ubumba intlama nokupheka iimveliso ezigqityiweyo. Kwi-breakfasts ekulungele ukulungiswa kunye ne-wheaten, i- oat bran ibuye ibe ne-gluten njengesithako esiphuculisayo. Imveliso yokusetyenziswa kwezilwanyana isebenzisa njengenxalenye esebenzayo eyenza ukuphucula isakhiwo semveliso, ukwandisa ubuninzi kunye nokunyaniseka kwemveliso.

Ngenxa yezakhiwo ze-viscoelastic ze-gluten, isetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kweshizi kunye nenyama, i-crab analogs, i-caviar yokufakelwa.

I-Gluten Simahla

Imveliso yemveliso yomgubo kunye nomxholo we-gluten ayithethi ukuba abantu abangenalo i-gluten abayi kuze badle isinkwa, iimveliso zokubhaka. Usindiso luya kuba ngumgubo ngaphandle kwe gluten. Iindidi zayo ziya kwenza imenyu enhle ye-gluten. Ukutya okunomsoco ngaphandle kwe-gluten, umgubo ovela kwi-buckwheat, ilayisi, ummbila, iipayi kucebiswa. Ukusetyenziswa okunesisombululo semifuno yegusha kwifleksi, i-amaranth, i-almond, ii-litate, i-cherries yeentaka, i-tapioca.

Ukuze i-viscosity yovavanyo, ingqolowa kunye nesitashi isetyenziswe endaweni ye gluten . Ngaphandle kokubangela ingozi kwimpilo, ungabhaka iipeyi, wenze i-pancakes kwaye ujabulele i-syrniki. Ukongeza, iivenkile zithengisa umxube ocolekileyo oxutywe ngazo zonke iintlobo zeenhlama (isanti, umququ, njl njl.) Ukwenzela iipencake, ikhuki, isonka.

Ukutya okungaHlengi

Ingundoqo yesondlo kukuba ukusetyenziswa kwemveliso ngaphandle kwe-gluten ayikwazi ukulimaza impilo, kodwa kubantu abanesifo esiqhekezayo - oku kuyimfuneko ebalulekileyo. Ukutya okungekho i-gluten, umgaqo oyintloko ukukhutshwa kwengqolowa, iirye, ibhali, i-oats kwi-ration, kunye nayo yonke imveliso yeemveliso zawo (okusanhlamvu, i-bakery, i-confectionery).

Kufuneka kukhunjulwe: kwi-sausage esincinci, i-sausages, inyama enqabileyo kunye neentlanzi iimveliso ezigqityiweyo, ezininzi iisukisi zinokuthi zongeze i-gluten enopom.

Ku luncedo ukudla i-buckwheat, i-millet, ingqolowa. Inkcubeko enjalo yeenkozo, njenge-amaranth, yayisetyenziswa ngama-Incas aseAtas nama-Aztec, yayidunyiswa ngabantu abadala baseRussia. Ukubandakanywa ekudleni kwemifuno, imifuno kunye neziqhamo izondla ukutya, zenze kube luncedo.

Isondlo ngaphandle kwe gluten ayinqali ukusetyenziswa kwenyama, intlanzi, ubisi kunye namaqanda. Ezinye iziphuzo ezinxilisayo azinqatshelwe: iwayini, i-tequila, i-rum, ezinye iintlobo ze-whisky. Kungekudala, ukuveliswa kwebhiya-gluten-free has been established.

Umonakalo we-gluten uyabonakala kubantu abaxhomekeke kwi-protein. Nangona kunjalo, isondlo ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa kwayo ayichaphazeli umgangatho wokutya kunye nokuhluka kwayo. Ukongezelela, inani labenzi beemveliso ze-gluten namhlanje linikeza uluhlu oluninzi lweemveliso ezingenayo iiprotheni ezinobungozi.