Idiodicucuctor diode. Isiseko sekhompyutha

Kuzo zonke iindidi zezinto zecomputer zanamhlanje, asimele sikhohlwe ukuba kusekelwe ezintweni ezilula, enye yazo idiode ye-semiconductor.

Simele sikhankanywe ngokukhawuleza ukuba kuphela ekuboneni okokuqala into elula. Enyanisweni, ukusetyenziswa kwayo kusenza sikwazi ukusombulula iintlobo ezahlukahlukeneyo iingxaki kwintsimi yecomputer kunye nobunjineli bamandla. Itheknoloji yokuveliswa kwezixhobo ezinjalo ayinzima ngokukodwa.

Idiode iqukethe iintlobo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zokuqhuba, ezibizwa ngokuba yimimandla ye-n-conductivity kunye ne-p-conductivity. Ukuba siqwalasela umgaqo wokusebenza kwe-diode ye-semiconductor, kuya kufuneka sijonge ngakumbi kwiingcamango ezifana ne-pn ngqangi, ukuchithwa kwe-electron, ukusabalalisa kunye nezinye iziphumo ezifanayo zomzimba. Ngoko ke, ukushiya ukuqwalaselwa kwezi mibuzo ngenye imeko, sisebenzisa ukuthelekisa. Idiode ye-semiconductor ingafaniswa ne-valve. Ngenxa yesakhiwo salo, esineentlobo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo, loo nto ifowuni ine-conductivity eyodwa-side, oku kuthetha ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kagesi kuyo kuhamba ngendlela enye. Oku kwenzekayo xa usebenzisa i-valve-umoya okanye amanzi angadlulela kwelinye icala. Umzekelo ibhamera yebhayisiki: kukho umoya oza kungena, kwaye akukho.

Kubonakala ngathi yinto elula kakhulu-ukuqhuba komgangatho omnye, kodwa zingaphi amathuba okunika ukusetyenziswa kwayo kwisicelo esisebenzayo. Ngokukodwa, i-diode ye-semiconductor yenza ukuguqulwa kombane wokutshintshela kwi-voltage rhoqo. Kukho iklasi elipheleleyo leemveliso, ezibizwa ngokuba zidididi zokulungisa.

Basebenza nje ngevenge. Ukuba ubukhulu bombane osebenzayo kwimveliso buhambelana nombane ofunekayo, i. Xa kufakwa kunye nemigqaliselo isetyenziselwa ukudibanisa kweso sixhobo, kwaye unciphise ukunciphisa, ngoko umbane kagesi ugeleza kuwo, ukuba akunjalo, akukho nto iyenzekayo.

Siyabulela kwimpembelelo echazwe ukuba i-voltage alternating is converted into a constant voltage. I-voltage alternation isetyenziselwa ukufakelwa kwesiphaluka, kodwa kuphela ukugqithisa okuchanekileyo kudlulayo kwi-semiconductor. Ngenxa yoko, siya kuba nombane owodwa umbane, nangona ukutshiza, Ukuxubha kwi-amplitude.

Oku akusiyo kuphela ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ze- semiconductor. Ikhonkco ye-pn, eyenza isiseko se-diode, inezinye iipropati, ezininzi zazo ezichazwe ngokukodwa ukuvelisa kwayo. Iimpawu ezinjalo zisebenza njengesiseko kwezinye, iindidi ezininzi zeefowuni. Lezi zidididi ze-diener, ii-diode eziphezulu kunye ne-pulse, varicaps, i-photodiodes, idiode ezikhanyayo, njl njl. Kodwa zonke zi sekelwe kwiipropati ze-pn.

Nangona kunjalo, kukho iklasi epheleleyo yezixhobo ezibizwa ngokuthi "i-semiconductor diode Gunn", engahambelani nokubunjwa kwenguqulelo. Umsebenzi wabo usekelwe kwi-Gann. Ubangelwa yinkimbinkimbi yezinto eziyinkimbinkimbi ezivela kwikristal ye-semiconductor phantsi kweempembelelo ezithile zangaphandle. Njengomphumo wale nkqubo, ikhoyo ngoku ijikeleza ngeenguqu ze-crystal, kunye nokuphuma kwayo. Apha isizukulwana sabo kwaye basebenzise izixhobo ezinjalo. Ngokuqhelekileyo zisetyenziswe kwi-teknoloji ye-microwave njengemithombo ye-oscillations.

Iidisodes ziyingxenye ebalulekileyo yiphina ifowuni. Zisetyenziselwa ukwahlukana nokuguqulwa kwamandla, ukuzinza kwayo, ukuhlunga ukuphazamiseka; Kulula ukubhala amacala xa bengasetyenziswanga. Kuzo, kukho iindidi zeentlobo ezahlukahlukeneyo, ezenzelwe iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeemitha kunye nemibhobho kwaye zifakwe kuzo zombini izicwangciso zendlela kunye neziphumo zeekhompyutha. I-diode mhlawumbi enye yezona zixhobo eziqhelekileyo ze-semiconductor.

Ngoku uyazi ukuba i-diode ye-semiconductor yintoni kunye nokuba yiyiphi indlela enokusetyenziswa kwayo.