NgoLwesithathu uPloskirev (Bactoagar F): inkcazo. Microbiology

Umphakathi wePloskirev (obizwa nangokuthi yiBacaragar G) ungumthombo wesondlo wokulima ezinye iimbonakaliso ezincinci, ikakhulukazi iShigella neSalmonella. Njengomthombo wokusetyenziswa kwakhe kwezixhobo ezinegciwane: umchamo, i-bile, intshukumo yokuhamba.

Imbali

U-Nikolai Ivanovich Ploskirev ngu-Soviet microbiologist kunye noDokotela ohloniphekileyo we-RSFSR. Wazalelwa ngowe-1869 waza wafa ngowe-1948, ininzi yobomi bakhe basebenza kwisixeko sakhe esizalweni-uTomsk.

Ngo-1888, yena, isazi senzululwazi, akazange agqibe ibanga lesithandathu lesikolo, wangena emkhosini. Wagqiba izifundo zakhe kuphela ngo-1892, emva koko wadlulisa iimviwo zokungena kwiYunivesithi yase-Imperial Tomsk, wafunda kwi-Faculty yezoLimo. Ngomnyaka we-1898 wafumana isihloko sogqirha.

UPloskirev wathatha inxaxheba kwimfazwe yaseRussia-yaseJapan, kwaye emva koko wasebenza esibhedlele saseTomsk. Ngomnyaka we-1910 waqeshwa njengomphathi weBhedlele yeTomsk Dermatovenerologic kwaye iminyaka engamashumi amathathu yintloko yayo esigxina. Ngokufanayo, usosayensi wayengomnye wabasunguli be-dermatovenerologic dispensary eTomsk.

U-Nikolai Ivanovich Ploskirev wabhala uluhlu lwemisebenzi eyenzelwe ukulwa nezifo ze-venereal.

Ukwakhiwa

NgoLwesithathu i-Ploskirev-into efanelekileyo yokulima amabhaktheriya emathumbu, ngoko ke kufuneka iqulethe iintlobo ezininzi zezondlo. Iveliswa kwifom eyomileyo.

I-pancreatic hydrolyzate ye-sprat (10.4 g / l) inesabelo esikhulu kunabo bonke ubunzima bayo. Kancinane kunyanzelekile kwi-disodium hydrogen citrates (8.5 g / l). Iqulethe umxube owomileyo kunye noshukela ubisi (8.62 kunye no-7.3 g / l).

Igama lesibili lomphakathi wePloskirev nguJactogar J. Iqukethe i-agar kwisixa sama-6.94 g / l. Umxholo we-sodium sulfate ngu-5.1 g / l. Kukho ubukho be-phosphate engamanzi e-sodium-2.1 g / l, i-sodium salts ye-bile acids malunga ne-3.46 g / l, kunye ne-soda ash - 2.4 g.

Igram encinane iqulethe izibonakaliso - obomvu obungaqhelekanga (0.05) kunye nohlaza oluqaqambileyo (0.0002). Umxholo we-iodine ngu-0.13.

Isicelo

Ukufundwa kweenkqubo ze-biochemical of bacteria kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuxilongweni kwezifo ezibangela i-anaerobic. Iintlobo ezifakwe kule ntsapho zikhulu. Ziyafana ngokufanayo kwi-morphology kunye neepropati zenkcubeko, kwaye indlela enokuthenjelwa ngayo yokwahlula omnye komnye kukufunda i-biochemistry.

Uphononongo luqala ngokuhlwayela izinto eziphathekayo kwi-medium medium. Ukwahlukana-pathological kwi-intestinal group of bacteria, kunye nokubunjwa kwayo, ngaphezu kwenyama-agaric agar, iquka i-indicator kunye ne-lactose. Ikhono lokusebenzisa i-lactose ibonakaliso ebalulekileyo yokwahlukana kwe-enterobacteria. Ukuba le nto ifunyenwe, i-pH ishintshela kwi-acidity kunye nesalathisi esonakalisa ikholoni.

Kwamanye amazwe, amanye amajelo asetyenziswayo angasetyenziselwa, kodwa indlela yezenzo zawo ihambelana nezona zintathu eziqhelekileyo eRashiya - imiba ye-Endo, Levina ne-Ploskirev.

Inkcazo yendlela

Kwelinye ilizwe, umfanekiso wesimo sePloskirev yinto ebizwa ngokuba yi-MacConkey Agar. Kwifomu egqityiweyo, isisombululo sibala, sinomhlaza ophuzi obomvu. AmaColoni anakho ukucubungula i-lactose anikezwa umbala obomvu (cowberry) kumphakathi wePloskirev . Ukuba ibhaktiriya ayikwazi ukuyisebenzisa, i-coloni ingenakubalabala okanye ibuthathaka kumbala.

Ngenxa yokuba umthombo we-Ploskirev uqukethe izinto ezinqandekayo (uhlaza oluhlaza, i- bile salts, iodode), kuphelisa ngokupheleleyo ukukhula kweentyantyambo zendalo, kwaye ngosuku lokuqala luvimbela kakhulu ukukhula kwe-eshechiria, kunye nolunye udla ngokuhamba nge-microflora.

Isigaba sesibini

Emva koko, ukhetho lwe-colony yomdla luyenzeka, kwaye luhlwayelwa kwindawo yokuhlula okuphambili kunye ne-media accumulation. Imidiya apho ukuhluma khona kwenzeka khona kufuneka kuqulethwe amanqwanqwa amaninzi. Inkcubeko yeBhakteriya kufuneka ibone umsebenzi we-enzymatic ngokubhekiselele kubo, ngaphandle kweendaba ezikhoyo kwiibhubhu zokuvavanya ukuze kukho imimandla emibini:

• Lowo u-agar uhlaselwa ngayo;
• Ngomqolo.

Ikholoni eyithandayo umphandi ihlala kwiindawo ezixhamlayo kunye ne-stroke eninzi, kunye nekholomu - kunye ne-prick. Kule nqanaba, iindaba zoRussell, iKligler okanye u-Olkenitsky zisetyenzisiweyo. Njengoluhlu lohlulo-hlulo, umthombo wePloskirev uyasetyenziswa.

Microbiology kunye nezifo

I-agar ye-Ploskirev yinto ebalulekileyo ekufumaneni izifo ezibangelwa yi-enterobacteria. Ngoko, umzekelo, ukhula kwaye uhlukanise iikholoni ze-microorganisms, eziyi-agents ezibangelwa yi-bacysial disys. Ezi zi-anaerobic eziphilayo ezingena kwi-genus Schigella.

Njengabo bonke abayingxenye yentsapho yebhaktheriya yamathumbu, ishigella zihlobo lweentonga, ubukhulu beemitha-micromitha ezimbini. Abafaki iifomsile kunye ne-spores, abanalo i-flagella-oku kwenza ukuba bahluke kwi-Salmonella, ehamba nayo iselula. Bakhula ngokugqibeleleyo kwiindawo ezilula, kwiqondo lokushisa ngaphandle kweklasi lokushisa (35-37 ° C) kunye no-7.4 pH. Ngokwemvelo yokukhula, iikholoni azifani ne-salmonella.

Njengoko kuchaziwe ngentla, iimonorganki zingaba nezohlukeneyo zokungafani kwemvelo, kodwa zihluke kakhulu kwiinkqubo zezinto eziphilayo ezibalulekileyo. Ngoko, ngaphandle kweShigella Newcastle, ukuvunywa kwe-carbohydrates yinto yokwenza i-acid ngaphandle kwegesi. Ngaphandle kweShigella Sonne, abanako ukuvuthisa i-lactose, kodwa bephule i-glucose. Kwakhona, kwiimpawu zabo eziphambili kunokubanjelwa ukuba banokunciphisa i-riyrit to nitrites. Iikoloni zazo azidibanisi urea, kwaye kumgangatho wezondlo akukho ukunyuka kwe-gelatin.

Ukuqokelela kunye nokulungiswa kwe-inoculum

Ukufumanisa izifo zentsholongwane, izifundo ze-microbiological zeendaba ezikhuselweyo, oko kukuthi, ukunyuka kwesiguli, kuyimfuneko. Emva kokufumana loo nto, kubalulekile ukuhlwayela ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba oku akunakwenzeka, umthombo kufuneka ubekwe kwindawo yokulondoloza - umxube we-phosphate buffer okanye iglycerol. Ebushushu be-4 ° C bangagcinwa ngokungabi ngaphezu kwelanga. Uqokelelo lwezinto eziphathekayo kufuneka lwenziwe ngephubhu yeglasi, efakwe kwi-rectum.

Uphando lwezinto eziphathekayo ezikhethiweyo, ezikhethiweyo kufuneka zihlanjwe kwiibhola ezimbini okanye ezintathu ze-isotonic sodium chloride.

Ukusetyenziswa kweebhaktheriya ze-pathogenic kumphakathi wePloskirev kwenziwa nge-spatula yeglasi. Kuyimfuneko kwindawo encinci ukuyixubha kwi-agar, uze uqhekeza i-spatula ukusuka kumphakathi, kwaye izinto ezifunekayo kufuneka zihluthwe kwindawo engavumelekanga. Ukuba ukuhlwayela kwenziwa kwiikhampu eziliqela, nganye kufuneka ihlwayelwe inxalenye entsha.

Ukuba akukho zicatshulwa ze-excreta ezithathwe ukuhlalutya, oku akuthethi ukuba ii-microorganisms ze-pathogenic azikho khona. Kwimeko enjalo, kuyimfuneko ukulinganisa iimfesi kwi-10 ml yesisombululo se-sodium chloride (ingcamango engama-0.85%), ukuhlwayela enye okanye amaconsi amabili kwi-Ploskirev. I-stool emulsified ingahlwayelwa kumhluzi we-selenite. Isetyenziswe kwakhona xa kukho ukuhlanza okanye uhlambe amanzi endaweni yamanzi.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-Microbiological

Kwinqanaba lokuqala lophando lwe-microbiological, ii-bacteria ze-pathogenic zihluma zibe ezimbini kwiikomityi, ngoko ukugcina indlela i-shigella ekhula ngayo. Kuphakathi kwePloskirev, isityalo esinye siveliswa, okwesibini kuphakathi kweLevin okanye i-Endo.

Ngenxa yokuvela kweShigella iintsholongwane ezichasene namagciwane, i-levomycetin yongezwa kumajelo. Emva koko, emini, ukutshatyalaliswa kwintambo kwenzeka kwi-thermostat kwiqondo lokushisa lika-37 ° C.

Ngosuku lwesibini kufuneka ufunde iikoloni ezikhulile. Labo abangakhuli umbala kummandla woxilongo olwahlukehlukeneyo kufuneka bahlanjululwe ku-Russell okanye efutshane "i-motley series". Uphando olongezelelweyo luqhutyelwa ngokwe-algorithm yezilimo eziphambili kuzo. Iiboloni ze-shigellas kwi-Ploskirev ziphakathi zikhula ngendlela yebala, ebalabala kunye neentsika ezincinci. Zizo ezimbini zeentlobo:

• I-Flattened with edges edges;
• Ixakile, i-convex, eneempawu ezinobisi.

Iikoloni ezintathu okanye ezine kufuneka zifakwe amancinci kwaye zihlolwe ukuhamba. Ukuba ngaba le nto yokugqibela ayifumaneki, bayiswa kwi-environment ye-Olkenitsky ukuze baqhelise inkcubeko ecocekileyo. Ukungabikho kwamakoloni e-shigella, okanye ukuba akukho ukukhula kukho konke, kuyimfuneko ukwenza uhlaza kwi-selenite umhluzi we-Endo okanye iParkirev agar. Ukuba iikholoni eziqhelekileyo zikhona ngokwaneleyo, isisombululo esifanelekileyo senziwe. Esebenzisa umxube we-sera uSonne noFlexner, ukuphendula kwenzeka kwiglasi.

Uphando olongezelelweyo

Ngosuku lwesithathu, utshintsho olwenzeka kwiikoloni kwimimandla yaseRusselli luyabonakala. Ukuba kukho inkcubeko engazange ichithe i-lactose, kwaye i-glucose ifaka i-asidi, iyahlukana kwaye iyahlolwa, i-microscopy yenziwa, kwaye ukuhlwayela kuqhutyelwa kwi "series series", kodwa ngeli xesha liye lisetyenziswe. Ngendlela efanayo, uvavanyo lokuxilongwa luyenziwa ngenjongo yokuchongwa kwe-serological.

Ngomhla wokugqibela unokwenza isigqibo ngesiseko seenguqulelo "kwinqaku lee-motley" (nokuba kukho ukuvotwa kwee-carbohydrates), kunye nokufingqa ukuphendulwa kwamanzi.

Ukugcina nokulungiselela

Ukulungiselela iParkirev agar kwenzeka ngale ndlela:

1. 55 g yezinto ezinomileyo iqhutywe kwiitre zamanzi adibeneyo.
2. Ubilise imizuzu emithathu ukuya kwemizuzu, de kube i-agar iyancibilika.
3. Dlulela kwi-Petri izitya (ulungelelaniso lukhethiweyo) kunye nocingo lwe-5-6 mm.
4. Iikomityi zishiywe zivulekile ihora kunye nesiqingatha kwishushu lokushisa (18-25 degrees). Ekupheleni kweli xesha, umgangatho uya kufakelwa kwaye umile ngokwaneleyo.

Imeko ye-Ploskirev ilumkileyo kwaye i-hygroscopic. I-powder kufuneka igcinwe kwiphakheji etywinwe, ukunyaniseka okuhambelana nomoya kwigumbi akufanele kudlule ngaphezulu kwe-60%. Iqondo lokugcina lokugcina liphezulu ukusuka ku-2 ° C ukuya ku-25 ° C. Kubalulekile ukuthobela imithetho egcinwe ngasentla, ngaphandle koko iziphumo zophando ezingenakwenzeka zinokwenzeka.