Iibhulo zezothutho kunye nezithuba

Ixesha apho ummi-sithili echitha ubomi bakhe endleleni, umzekelo, ukusuka ekhaya ukuya emsebenzini nasemva, uyatshisa. Okumangalisa ngakumbi ukuba ngumfanekiso, ukuba uhlala kwi-metropolis, kabini ngosuku efa kwizinto ezibizwa ngokuba yi-traffic jams. Le ngenye yeengxaki ezibalulekileyo ekuququzeleleni indawo enokuzilungelelanisa kwisixeko. Yaye inokuthi, ukuba ingagqitywanga ngokupheleleyo, ngoko iyanciphisa ngokukhawuleza ubunzima, ukuba ngokuchanekileyo yenza iindawo zokuthutha kunye nezikhumbuzo. Ngoko, ziphi na zona kwaye zithini?

Ziziphi iindawo zokuthutha

Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuthutha: iibhasi, ii-trams, ii-trolleybuses, imoto, ii-airplanes, iinqanawa, izitimela, njl. Njengawulo, unokufumana ukusuka kwinqanaba elinye ukuya kwelinye ngeendlela ezininzi. Kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo, ngokukodwa ukuba indlela iyanzima, kufuneka utshintshe iindlela ezininzi zokuthutha ukuze ufike kwindawo oya kuyo. Kwaye nangona, ngokomzekelo, unokutshintsha ukusuka kwibhasi ngemitha okanye imoto kwiindawo ezininzi ngaphakathi kweso sixeko esikhulu, ngamanye amaxesha kwenzeka ukuba ungashiya enye indawo ngeendlela ezininzi. Emva koko siya kusebenzisa igama elithi "node yezothutho". Le ndawo isoloko ibilisa ngobomi, amakhulu kunye namawaka abagibeli bajikeleza ngezoshishino zabo, izitimela ziyafika, iindiza ziyabaleka, ngokubanzi, ekubonweni kokuqala, kukho ukudibanisa kunye nokudideka. Enyanisweni, yonke into iyahluke. Ngentlangano enhle, iinqwelo zokuthutha ziinkqubo ezincinci, apho nganye inxalenye yindlela echanekileyo ejongene nazo zonke ezinye izinto. Kwaye kulo mzekelo, ubunzima babo bunzima ukugqithisa.

Kutheni ku funeka?

Iindleko zexesha lokuhamba okanye ukuhanjiswa ukusuka kwinqanaba elinye ukuya kwelinye kwiimeko zesigxina sanamhlanje kufuneka zinciphise. Abantu, bekhathele ukulinda, baye benza izinto ezininzi ezinokukuvumela ukuba uthole ulwazi olusondeleyo, ukuseka unxibelelwano. Kodwa, ngelishwa, ngokungakhathaliseki ukuba akukho teleport, kufuneka sichithe ixesha elide kwindlela. Kwaye maxa wambi kufuneka uhambe, umzekelo, kwisikhululo okanye kwisikhululo. Ukuxinwa kweendlela ezininzi zothutho kwiihubhu zothutho zixazulula le ngxaki. Okokuqala, ukwenzela, umzekelo, ukutshintsha ukusuka kwisitimela ukuya emkhombeni okanye kwindiza, kuthatha ixesha elincinci - yonke into ihamba ngokuhamba. Okwesibini, kwindawo efanelekileyo, nendawo enye ikwazi ukukhulula enye imitha yezothutho. Ngenxa yoko, bonke bashiywe ukuphumelela.

Ngaloo ndlela, enye inkalo yokusebenza kwanoma iyiphi i-node ibonakalisiwe: ayifumanekanga kuphela, kodwa iphinda ilawule ukuhamba kwezothutho ngokomgaqo we-valve. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, ukuphepha ukudibanisa kunye nokuphazamiseka, abanye abagibeli okanye imithwalo ingabanjwa naliphi na inqanaba. Ngelinye igama, kukho izifaniso zezendlela kunye nezibane zendlela.

IiHubs azigcini nje ngomgibeli, kodwa kunye nempahla. Nangona sithatha intengiso yeenkonzo zeposi - kuzo zonke iidolophu ezinkulu ziza kuba neendawo ezinokuthi zichazwe njenge-hub yezothutho ephakathi-ziya kufumana i-correspondence, emva koko, emva kokuhlenga, iya kubuncinci. Kwaye apha iileta kunye neepakethi ziya kuza ngoko, zithi, ngaphandle. Ingaba unemibuzo, ngaba ufuna ama-hubs ezithuthi?

Umbutho kunye nesakhiwo

Uluhlu aluyilo olulula, kodwa lukhokelo oluthembisayo. Inceda ekusebenzeni ngokuchanekileyo nangokufanelekileyo ukusebenza kweyona node enkulu okanye ngaphantsi. Xa ukwakhiwa kwesakhiwo somsebenzi walo, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ezibini izinto ezisisiseko, umzekelo, indlela yokuthutha imithwalo evela kwelinye uhlobo lwezothutho ukuya kwelinye kunye neziseko eziyimfuneko, kunye nemigqomo emincinci njengendlela yokuhamba ehambayo nefanelekileyo.

Ukufanisa umsebenzi we-hub, kwinqanaba lokuyila kwayo, isofthiwe ekhethekileyo isetyenzisiweyo, kubonisa oko kuza kwenzeka xa kutshintsha iipameters ezithile.

Indawo yokuhlala

Indawo efanelekileyo enye ingongoma ebalulekileyo ekucwangciseni ukuhamba kwezitrato. Ukuba ukhetho olungalunganga luyenziwe, oku kungangonakalisa nje imeko. Iindlela ezingenakwenzeka zokufikelela ziya kudala kwiindawo zokuhamba ngeendlela, ukungahambi kwamathuba okupaka kuyakuba yinkathazo enkulu kubagibeli. Isikhumulo seenqwelomoya ezakhiwe kwiindawo eziphantsi komhlaba ziya kucima ngokuphindaphindiweyo iindiza ngenxa yombhobho oqinileyo. Ngokubanzi, kulula kakhulu ukwenza impazamo. Kwaye apha, isayensi efanayo iya kuhlangula, inceda ukulinganisa imeko kwiimeko ezithile. Ekugqibeleni, ukuhanjiswa kwezothutho akuyona ndawo apho abantu babonakala bengekho ndawo-beza ngenye indlela, kwaye kufuneka ujonge ukwenza kube lula ukuba bakwenze.

Iinkonzo kunye neNgqungquthela

Amaziko okuthutha ngokufanelekileyo, ekubonweni kokuqala, ayenakho ngokupheleleyo ukungaphumeleli. Kodwa, ngelishwa, oku akunjalo ngokupheleleyo. Okokuqala, kuyacaca ukuba umsebenzi wabo awunasisindo, kwaye ukugxotha kwimifudlana emikhulu ayinanto, ngoko nawuphi na umcimbi uphazamisa umntu. Okwesibini, ngenxa yokuba kukho inani elikhulu labantu ababandakanyekayo kwiingcamango zabo, kwimiba eninzi ubuqhophololo, nangona inani elikhulu lezokhuseleko. Ngaphezu koko, kwaye oku kunzima kakhulu, ii-hubs zothutho ngokuqhelekileyo ziba yindawo enkulu yokugubungela. Ngobuninzi obuninzi beendlela zokuhamba, oku kungakhokelela kwinani elikhulu lezinto ezilahlekileyo kunye nabaswele. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ingozi kuzo zonke iindawo apho abantu abaninzi banokuhlangana ngexesha elinye.

U mzekelo

Phantse nawuphi na umzi omkhulu waseYurophu ungumbane wezothutho wamazwe ngamazwe. Amsterdam, eLondon, eBerlin: iindiza ezinokuthunyelwa kwiindawo zeenqwelo-moya zendawo ziqhelekileyo. EMpuma, le Doha, Shanghai, Dubai, ibamba inani elikhulu labagibeli bezithuthi. UMoscow kunye neenqwelo zeenqwelo zokuhamba ezihambayo ezintathu, kunye nezitishi zesithoba, nazo zingafakwa kuloluhlu.

Kwinqanaba elisezantsi, iinombolo, ngokulandelanayo, azibaluleki kangako kumlinganiselo. Ngokomzekelo, unokuzisa iSimferopol efanayo eCrimea. Ewe, ii-hubs zendawo zingabizwa nayiphi na isiteshini semetrolo eMoscow. Kodwa zibaluleke kakhulu - kufuneka nje ukhumbule oko kwenzekayo xa kukho izifo eziphazamisayo.

Impumelelo

Njengoko sele sele ibonakala ngokucacileyo, umsebenzi we-hub enkulu yezothutho incike kwiimeko ezininzi. Kwaye enye enye, ngaphandle kobuphi ubuchule obuphezulu obungafumanekiyo - izixhobo zobugcisa. Ngaphandle kwezixhobo zeekhompyutha kunye nezixhobo zanamhlanje, nayiphi na izibalo zendawo efanelekileyo kunye nokucwangciswa kokungenazixhobo. IiTape zezothutho, iinkonzo zokuqaphela ngokuzenzekelayo kunye nezinto ezininzi ezithe zahlangana nabakhweli zibalulekile kwaye ziyimfuneko ekusebenzeni kakuhle kunye nokusebenzisana kakuhle kweendlela zokuthutha ezichaphazelekayo, ingakumbi ukuba zikhona ezimbini.

Kwaye, mhlawumbi, isalathisi sendawo yonke yokusebenza kwe-hub ingabizwa ngokuba ngumgibeli wendlela. Inani labantu abalawulayo ukusebenzela nganye iyunithi yesikhombisi esichaza ngokugqibeleleyo umgangatho womsebenzi wehubhu yezothutho kwinqanaba.

Uphuhliso olungaphezulu

Ukubaluleka kweenombolo zothutho akunakuphikiswa. Ngaphezu koko, nayiphi na indawo yokubambisa iindawo ezinokubakho kwezoqoqosho nakwizoshishino. Kwiindawo zokudibanisa abantu banokufumana iehotele, iivenkile, iivenkile, iimishini zokuthengisa. Phantse nayiphi na impahla kunye neenkonzo ziya kuba semfuno, umzekelo, ukuba abantu bafuna ukudlula ixesha ngexesha lokutshintshwa.

Ukuba i-angle yeembono iyancipha, kulula ukuqonda ukuba ii-hubs ezinkulu zezothutho kunye nezixeko zihambelana kwaye zithelekisana. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ii-hubs ziqinisekisa ukubonelelwa kokungaphazamiseki, okudala izimo zokuphuhliswa kweshishini, nangakolunye uhlangothi, amacacities afuna isisombululo seengxaki zokungena. Ngoko omnye ngaphandle komnye akakwazi ukuba khona.

Ukongezelela, iindlela ezintsha zothutho zikhula ngokukhawuleza, kwaye kufuneka ukuba zidibanise nokuhamba kwazo. Ngokomzekelo, ukuthuthwa kwee-helicopter iminyaka emininzi kwakuyintsimi engumngcamango, kwaye namhlanje bafumaneke phantse bonke abahambahambayo. Kwaye olu lathiso luphela nje lwabaninzi.