Iimbumba esesibhakabhakeni - yintoni na le nto? Ntoni na ke?

Bukela utshintsho zemozulu imincili kakhulu. Ilanga unika indlela imvula, imvula - ikhephu, yaye ngaphezu kwako konke oku ezahlukeneyo sokumema umoya gusty. Esengumntwana, yenza limxabisile yaye ukumangala nabantu abadala - umnqweno ukuqonda indlela yenkqubo. Makhe zama ukuqonda oko Ulobumba imozulu kunye nendlela ukuba babalise elwa esesibhakabhakeni.

Le khona umoya umda

Imbono ngokwesiqhelo "phambi" - igama yasemkhosini. Oku umgca apho kukho ukungqubana imikhosi yotshaba. A ingqiqo Fronts esesibhakabhakeni - umda zoqhagamshelwano khona umoya amabini, ezo akhiwa kwiindawo kumphezulu enkulu yomhlaba.

Ngokuthanda yendalo, umntu unako ukuphila, azivelele kwaye ikoloni wonke ummandla omkhulu. EziFihliweyo - inxalenye esezantsi koMhlaba - kusinika oksijini siyahamba rhoqo. Yonke le nkqubo ibandakanya khona umoya eyahlukileyo zimanyene meko yaye efanayo iparameters. Phakathi ezingundoqo parameters zezi iinginginya uzimisele volume, ubushushu, uxinzelelo nokufuma. Ngexesha intshukumo zobunzima ezahlukahlukeneyo idibane ne zingqubane. Noko ke, abazange balahlekelwe emideni yabo kwaye sukuxuba kunye nabanye. Iimbumba esesibhakabhakeni - iindawo apho soprikosayutsya khona umoya kwenzeka kunye sase kwimozulu embi.

A incinane

Le mbono "ngaphambili imozulu" yaye "phambi kobuso" akazange kuvela bebodwa. Ukuba zikhe meteorology Scientist Norwegian J. Bjerknes. Oku kwenzeka ngo-1918. Bjerknes wabonisa ukuba Fronts esesibhakabhakeni - ezi Iiyunithi ezisisiseko umjikelo umoya kwiingcamba eziphakamileyo ophakathi. Noko ke, kude kube Research Norwegian, emva ngowe-1863, i-Admiral Fitzroy wacebisa ukuba iinkqubo ugonyamelo esesibhakabhakeni kuqala kwiindawo khona umoya evela kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi. Kodwa okwangoku uluntu lwezenzululwazi akazange anikele ingqalelo le ngqwalasela.

Bergen School, nto leyo emele i-Bjerknes, ezingenziwa kuphela Iziluleko zakhe, kodwa zibuthelwe ndawonye lonke ulwazi kunye nokucingela ekuqaleni abantu ababebukele nabaphengululi, kwaye uzisondeze inkqubo yenzululwazi esisiso.

Xa inkcazelo, i umphezulu ukuthambeka, nto leyo ummandla utshintsho phakathi imijelo umoya ezahlukeneyo, ngokuba ubuso ngaphambili. Kodwa Fronts esesibhakabhakeni - ukuba ukuqulunqwa imiphezulu ngaphambili kwi imephu yemozulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo ummandla phambi yenguqu esesibhakabhakeni sibethelelwe kwi komhlaba aze avuke phezulu apho umahluko umehluko phakathi khona umoya. Kwiimeko ezininzi, le ukuphakama Ungeno ukususela-9 ukuya kwi-12 km.

phambi efudumeleyo

Iimbumba esesibhakabhakeni zahlukile. Baxhomekeke kwicala yeentshukumo amaqoqo kweshushu. Kukho iindidi ezintathu fronts: kuyabanda, ezifudumeleyo occlusion kwakhiwa endaweni lokuvala elwa ezahlukeneyo. Makhe siqwalasele ukuba Fronts kweshushu esesibhakabhakeni.

phambi Ukuzifudumeza - intshukumo enjalo khona umoya, apho umoya obandayo unika indawo ukuzifudumeza up. Oko kukuthi, i-eliphezulu lobushushu umoya le, ihamba, ibekwe kwindawo alawulwa umoya obandayo mass. Ukongeza, liphuma phezulu ecaleni izowuni yenguqu. Xa oku ubushushu ebegqwese lifinyele, ngenxa leyo iqhele khona apho ke amafu ekhasa wamanzi. Ekubeni amafu kwakheka.

Iimpawu eziphambili ngawo umntu kumisela phambi imozulu efudumeleyo:

• liyancipha womoya;
• ukwanda umbethe indawo ;
• lobushushu ukwanda;
• kukho pinnate, ngoko cirrostratus, yaye emva - high-stratus amafu;
• umoya wajikela kancinci futhi luqine;
• amafu abe Nimbostratus;
• imvula iwela ngegalelo lazo.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, emva ekuyekeni imvula uyafudumala, kodwa oko akuthethi kuthabatha ixesha elide, kuba ngaphambili ebandayo ihamba ngokukhawuleza kakhulu nokuganga kunye efudumeleyo phambi yemozulu.

phambi ebandayo

Kukho enjalo: a phambi efudumeleyo usoloko itsheke kwicala sesindululo, kwaye nengqele - kwelinye icala. Xa kukho intshukumo ye imiphambili, umoya obandayo into exineke kwi efudumeleyo, ngokuyityhala phezulu. Iimbumba Ingqele uwabonisa kukhokelela ekuncipheni kwamaqondo obushushu kunye ukupholisa phezu kwintsimi enkulu. Njengoko Ukupholisa kokuvuka khona umoya kufudumele lushwankathela ukufuma lisibekele.

Iimpawu eziphambili ngawo umntu kumisela phambi abandayo:

• phambi kokuba uxinzelelo phambi iwela ngaphandle imigca ukunyuka kakhulu;
• Cumulus amafu kwakheka;
• kukho umoya gusty, kukho utshintsho elibukhali namkhondo kwicala langasekunene;
• Kuthathela nemvula ixesha malunga neeyure ezimbini yimvula okanye isichotho kunye iindudumo,;
• lobushushu iwela kabukhali, maxa wambi ° 10 C ngqo;
• ngokuba phambi komoya kukho ukucaciswa ezininzi.

Ukuze abahambi ukuba adlule ngaphambili ebandayo - uvavanyo asinto umsebenzi olula. Maxa wambi kuyimfuneko ukuba boyise eddies kunye undizela iimeko ukubonakala kakubi.

occlusions

Kuye kuthiwe imiphambili esesibhakabhakeni zahlukile, ukuba kunye kweshushu ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi ecacileyo, ngoko phambi occluded kuphakamisa imibuzo emininzi. Ukwenziwa iziphumo ezifana kwenzeka kwiindawo lokuvala Fronts ezibandayo kwaye kufudumele. umoya ufudumele asuswa phezulu. Okwenziwayo ithatha indawo iinkanyamba xa okukhawulezayo ngakumbi eshushu intlanzi phambi ebandayo. Isiphumo na intshukumo kunye fronts yemozulu yokungqubana khona umoya ezintathu, kubanda ezimbini enye ezishushu.

Ezona mpawu ziphambili ukuba ukuchonga elwa occluded:

• amafu yandile kunye nohlobo kwezulu;
• utshintsho ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kwicala umoya ngaphandle izinga olomeleleyo utshintsho;
• utshintsho kwamagingxi uxinzelelo;
• Akukho tshintsho lobushushu ngokukhawuleza;
• iinkanyamba.

occlusion Front kuxhomekeke iqondo lobushushu umoya obandayo phambi kwakhe kunye kumnombo wakhe. Ukwahlula phakathi Fronts ezibandayo nefudumeleyo occluded. Iimeko ezinzima ambona ngexesha lokuvalwa ngokukhawuleza imiphambili. Njengoko ngohlangothi umoya efudumeleyo ukubana ifiphale, iimeko zemozulu ngcono.

Iinkanyamba kunye anticyclones

Njengoko inkcazelo phambi occluded eyasetyenziswa elithi "yinkanyamba", kubalulekile ukuba usixelele loo uhlobo nto.

Ngenxa obungalinganiyo komoya akhiwa kwiingcamba kumphezulu imimandla eziphezulu nezisezantsi ingcinezelo. zone xi ebalasele ezingaphezu lomoya, ephantsi - mali yayo ayonelanga. Ngenxa yoko, ukuba ukungena komoya phakathi imimandla (in excess yokungeneli) yomoya abembumbile. Inkanyamba - isabelo uxinzelelo phantsi, nto leyo kuqinisa njengoko ifanele, umoya kunye amafu ilahlekile kwiindawo apho ezingaphezu kwemfuneko.

Anticiklon - xinzelelo isabelo lenkosikazi umoya kwemfuneko kwindawo xi eliphantsi. Uphawu eziphambili - imozulu ecacileyo, njengoko ilifu lo mmandla nabo indawo.

Icandelo yendawo ezimbalwa esesibhakabhakeni

Kuxhomekeka imimandla zemozulu phezu ekhangelene esesibhakabhakeni bayazibhijabhija, bahlukene ngamaxesha okuyo:

1. Arctic eyahlula arctic khona umoya obandayo ngokulinganisela.
2. Polar ibekwe phakathi izihlwele epholileyo kunye emvula.
3. Tropical (umoya yorhwebo) delimiting iindawo ethandwa yimvula.

Ziimpembelelo elo naphantsi kwalo

Iimpawu ezibonakalayo ze khona umoya kuchaphazela imitha kunye nohlobo kumphezulu ongundoqo yomhlaba. Ekubeni nohlobo kumphezulu enokuba ezahlukeneyo, kwaye iimpikiswano zochuku nto lazo. isiqabu Complex kungafundwa lunokuyitshintsha umgca ngaphambili esesibhakabhakeni kwaye ulungise imiphumela yayo. Umzekelo, kukho iimeko xa intshabalalo Fronts esesibhakabhakeni phezu & emikhulu.

khona umoya kunye Fronts esesibhakabhakeni bazise izimanga sezulu ezininzi. Ukuthelekisa kwaye ukufunda ulwalathiso intshukumo kwinginginya kunye obukhoyo le iinkanyamba (anticyclones), zenza iitshathi kunye baxakwa ukuba abantu basebenzisa yonke imihla, kude ngaphandle yokucinga enkulu kangakanani umsebenzi emva kwawo.