Iimveliso eyakhiwe iibhanki

Ukutsala abathengi, iibhanki ziphuma a lot of lihamba nokuthengisa. Omnye wabo - utyalo kwiimveliso wakhiwe. Bona kubekwe njenge ilikhubalo kwimarike zemali. Ingaba ezi zixhobo njengoko luyingenelo okanye elinye icebo iphiramidi?

intliziyo

iimveliso eyakhiwe - izixhobo ekufuneka kukhusela utyalo-mali lokuqala wenze ingeniso ukusuka ekukhuleni asethi. yokuvelela imveliso ludibaniso izixhobo ukuvumela ukuba anciphise ingozi yotyalo-mali.

Xa iimeko kozinzo zemali ukutyala imali kuyingozi ngenxa utshintsho elibukhali Kakade, kodwa istock market kunzima ngenxa hexa eliphezulu. Le meko inzima ngakumbi ngenxa yokuba kuyimfuneko kuphela ukugcina kodwa ukunyusa imali. Esinye isisombululo kusenokuba lutyalo kwiimveliso structured, leyo ukudibanisa iqondo eliphezulu wokhuseleko asethi kunye nokukwazi ukwenza inzuzo enkulu ngaphezu idipozithi.

Market iimveliso zezakhiwo ibandakanya:

• deposit;
• izibambiso;
• urhwebo kwi "Forex";
• amatye anqabileyo;
• iinketho kunye lekusasa;
• funds mutual;
• utyalo izindlu, njalo njalo. d.

imveliso lokwakheka yabunjwa ngokudibanisa impahla kunye namaqondo omngcipheko ahlukeneyo:

• iidiphozithi izabelo;
• CB Iinkampani ezithembeke kakhulu kwaye asakhasayo;
• ndilindwe ngamakhamandela iinketho stock;
• iidiphozithi inshorensi lokonga, njalo njalo. d.

Umlinganiselo uyonyulwa ukuze ingeniso evela asethi "ekhuselekileyo" kugubungela ilahleko kunokwenzeka.

umzekelo

imveliso olulungiselelweyo 90% yedipozithi kunye isivuno ka-10% ne-10% - sezabelo eenkampani ezintsha kunye isivuno 300%. Emva okuthenga imveliso, kukho meko zintathu kunokwenzeka.

Ukuba aqhumisele ngazo esitokisini, nzala iidipozithi lulungisa-mali sokuqala. Emva konyaka umthengi uya kufumana isixa ukuqina njengoko imali, ngaphandle ingeniso, kodwa ngaphandle umonakalo. Xa utyalo-mali kwi-Central Bank eqikelelwayo isivuno 300%, isivuno elipheleleyo le potfoliyo iya kuba-40%. Ukuba mali iya kuzisa 2/3 we ingeniso okucwangcisiweyo, isivuno imveliso yi-30%, njalo njalo. D. Oko kukuthi, indima ephambili udlalwa kanye inyathelo ekhethiweyo, ngaphandle utyalo eyingozi uthango kwilahleko.

izifundo

iimveliso oluLungiselelweyo kwimarike yemali eyenziwa ziibhanki, amaziko ajongene ne AMC. Ithatyathwa iimveliso yebhanki inokuthenjwa. E AMC, uyakwazi ukufumana asethi kwi "ezithandwa ': ukusuka endala ukuba kuyingozi. amaziko ekusingatheni yotyalo Portfolio akhiwa lomngcipheko kunye asethi Super-yingozi (umzekelo, iinketho lwemali).

Ukuthenga asethi siphelekwa wokutyikitywa kwesivumelwano phakathi mali kunye nenkampani. Oku kucaciswe gca mali, utyalo-mali lwexesha, uluhlu lwempahla, inqanaba lomngcipheko kunye neminye imiba enxulumene ukuthunyelwa kwemali.

Icebo lomsebenzi

Efuna ukulondoloza nokwandisa imali ekhoyo, abantu beya inkampani ebhankini okanye yotyalo-mali kwaye ufumane imveliso noshowo. Inxalenye mali umlamleli lityale imali ekhuselekileyo izixhobo zemali (amatyala, bonds, iidiphozithi), kwaye eyesibini - asset ebotshelelwe bha (stock, imali), kodwa ngaphantsi eguquguqukayo (Sberbank, umyinge igolide, i a th isalathiso, njl ...) . Umxhasi ukhetha le asset engundoqo kunye neqondo lomngcipheko, oko kukuthi, isabelo-mali eziya kuthunyelwa imali eninzi. Umntu kwakhona self-ukulawula izinga nxaxheba (KU), oko kukuthi, eyikhethayo uya kufumana indlela yenzuzo elizayo.

ixesha lotyalo yakhona ukusuka kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ukuya kwiminyaka emibini. Ukongezelela, unako-inshorensi utyalo-mali lwakho okanye ukuthenga i ipotifoliyo yotyalo-mali kunye icwecwana. Kwimeko yesibini, umthengi uya kufumana isixa ngenyanga esiqingqiweyo yengeniso akuxhomekekanga utshintsho ixabiso le-asethi ngxabano.

Iindidi zemveliso structured

Zonke izithembiso iphakheji bohlulwa babe ngamaqela amabini:

• iimveliso Risk-free eqinisekisa imbuyekezo ye-100% wezinto zakomkhulu. Umngcipheko inkulu kukuba ngexesha lokubuya mali umtyali-mali unokufumana kuphela sokuqala, ngokuxhomekeka ekubeni iqondo encinci ukwehla nge emali. Umthengi uhlawula kuphela ithuba ukwenza ingeniso, ukuba zonke umthwalo asethi.
• Products kunye engozini ntweni. Isabelo-asethi abelwa ukwenzela ukukhusela ilahleko kunokwenzeka. Umtyali uya kuphulukana inxalenye kuphela kwikomkhulu. Xa imeko kakuhle kwimarike rate abarhola besukelana-50% ye-mali sokuqala.

buhle

• Iimveliso eyakhiwe Savings Bank okanye naliphi na iziko lamatyala - utyalo kwisixando sokwenziwa. Umxhamli kuphela aluyiyo ipotifoliyo asethi. Ngokuba kuye, lo msebenzi wenziwa inkcazelo esuka zemali.
• Akukho mfuneko yokuba ube nolwazi kunye namava kunye nezixhobo zemali.
• Kuyenzeka ukuba ukunyenyisa inqanaba yokulahlekelwa evela kutyalo-mali kwii-asethi ukuba ayifumaneki ngohlobo ecocekileyo.
• Iimpawu noshowo imveliso abantu abanjalo ukuba ukuthengwa ubuncinane omnye kubo lo guqulo mali.
• Kunye nokutshintsha kakuhle kwimarike mali ifumana inzuzo enkulu kunye ngaphandle kwengozi.

ukushiyeka

• iimveliso zemali olulungiselelweyo abekwe emarikeni njengento enzima. Enyanisweni, oku cebiso ehlawulwa kwi ukufakwa kwemali-asethi ezahlukeneyo.
• 100% isiqinisekiso of imali ukuze nkqu inike. Zonke iidipozithi insured yi-Arhente Insurance idiphozithi. Amathuba ilahleko uhlale apho. Umbuzo kuphela neqondo lomngcipheko. Nale lorhwebo yenzelwe kuphela ukuthengisa.
• Iimveliso eyakhiwe ngayo iibhanki, enaningamkelanga wona ingeniso, ezingenanzuzo. Oku kuthetha ukuba inzala idipozithi enzelwa ukukhusela ilahleko kwezinye iintlobo zotyalo-mali. Ukuba umxhasi nangoko wabeka sonke isixa-mali xa ifakwe kwibhanki, ange wafumana ingeniso ngaphezu ukusuka imveliso ekhethekileyo.
• On abathengi abazizityebi eyenzelwe iimveliso ehleliweyo. Ingxelo evela kubasebenzisi iqinisekisiwe. Yiya kwiimalike zemali kunye nemali ye-10 amawaka. Thambisani. Oku akwenzi ngqiqo.
• Iinkonzo zolawulo lwee-asethi zihlawulwa. Intlawulo ebizwayo akukhathaliseki nokuba le mali iza kuzisa umvuzo okanye hayi.
• On indibanisela iimveliso kungekho zincwadi iziqinisekiso karhulumente. Ukuba ibhanki uhamba yimali, okanye AMC, umtyali-mali kuya akayi kuba nako kwakhona utyalo-mali zazo.
• Xa ukhetho kwimarike Russian kweemveliso ezizodwa, phantse namnye.
• Umtyali ingabi umnini-asethi yokwenene, ngoko ke asikwazi ukulawula utyalo-mali.

ubungozi ezifihliweyo

iimveliso eyakhiwe - indibanisela asethi kunye nezakhi. Baya kuqokelela uthengise iibhanki ehlabathini ngokohlobo amanqaku (iibhondi). Bona inshorensi ngokwabo ngokukhupha iimveliso structured isikhundla esahlukileyo. Ibhanki usoloko ufumana isabelo. client umntu ngamnye kwaye wamkela ubuncinane, kodwa ezinye iinkonzo wathenga asethi kuyingozi. Ekugqibeleni yonke abathengi ulahlekelwe yimali. Ngoko ke, ukuze kwandiswe nomtsalane yeemveliso ezintsha kunye neengozi zabo, "yeekhowudi". Niza kuzuza lomfula?

amanqaku uthango

Ukuba yonke esitokisini ezikhethiweyo ukugcina amaxabiso ngaphezu umda amisiweyo, iingcedevu imveliso ezidityanisiweyo liya kubuyela utyalo-mali lwabo kunye nengeniso ekhankanyiweyo. Notes baqale ukusebenza neentambo. Ukuba elinye asethi ekhethiweyo lingaya lisehla ngokwehla kwi ixabiso, ixabiso ipotifoliyo yotyalo-mali iya kulingana abanobubi ezabelo. Amathuba nokuncitshiswa ixabiso ubuncinane 1 ka-3 zabelo ngaphezulu ngamnye ngamnye. Ngako oko, le ngelahleko enokubakho likhulu kunokuba ingeniso kunokwenzeka.

Avtokoll

Utyalo-Portfolio badla bathengisa kunye ukhetho olongezelelweyo. Yintoni na avtokolla oyedwa? Ukuba zonke izabelo kuvuka ixabiso, umthengi uya kukwazi ukuthenga esinye isaziso, njengokuba bhanki - ukuze ifumane ingeniso engakumbi. Xa imarike ekhula, qho ngekota le-bhanki ifumana singekho, umthengi - icwecwana entsha. Oku kwenzeka nje enye ye-Central Bank akuthethi ukuwisa ukuya kumda elimisiweyo.

Omnye umzekelo - inqaku ngetyala. Umxhamli kuya kufumana 100% yokukhula kwexabiso share, kwaye xa ukuhla - 100% ukubuyiselwa imali ebhankini. Kaloku, ukuba asetyenziswe isixhobo ngamandla volatile njenge-asethi. Kubonakala ukuba inxalenye inowuthi, eyilelwe ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kubo imali, imali kwimarike stock index. Sesivuno - 20%.

Isixokelelwano sokusasazwa

Ingxaki ayikho kuphela imingcipheko. Iibhanki abakwazi nje kukugubungela imarike yonke. Kungena mediators. ilinki ngamnye kwikhonkco "yibhanki - ngomzi - umphathi" yenza zokuthengiswa. Ubume kweemveliso ezikhethekileyo ezifana ukuba ibhanki unakho ngalo naliphi na ixesha ukuze kubalwe kwakhona imiqathango yokuzalisa imali. Apha yonke into ixhomekeke nomthengisi. Umntu uya kuthengisa coupon kunye notyalo olusisinyanzelo 99,5% yemali efunyenweyo% 0.5 kuphela, yaye umntu uya kukwazi ukuthengisa impahla kunye ezimbi kakhulu kwaye ufumane-5% ngoko nangoko. Umahluko eliphezulu kungaba njalo-35%.

Abalamleli badla ukuthengisa iimveliso kuyingozi. Ngenxa yoko yeephothifoliyo angqingqwa ngumqobo abotshwe ithi avtokollom kunye nonyaka omnye-80% ukulahleka. Ngeli xesha, oonobhanki kufuneka ixesha ukufumana amaxesha 0.5% no-4 ngo-3% ikhomishini ukuba kuthengwe inqaku elitsha.

Kwi inowuthi, oqinisekisa 100 imbuyekezo% kwi investment kwi istock exchange, i a th index, le bhanki baya ngokuphindwe kabini. Loo imveliso noshowo iquka ukhetho umnxeba kwi isalathiso, isithuba seminyaka emibini (17%), ipotifoliyo iibhondi illiquid, emva kokuba intlawulo ukunika-100% ye-capital sokuqala. Umyinge wesivuno bond yi-18% iphothifoliyo lilonke - 62%. Ukususela bhanki intengiselwano uya kufumana 21%, i-79% - client.

isiphelo

iimveliso eyakhiwe - oku iphiramidi. Ukuba usebenzisa ezi zixhobo ngaphakathi sizathu, ungajika ibitheni. Isalathisi kumlibo omnye kufanelekile ukukhusela capital ukuba ingozi ngetyala lisephantsi. Kodwa ke uninzi iimveliso indibanisela Zingaphantsi ngandlela zonke kuphela kuquka nabo derevativov. Ukongeza, akukho mntu urhoxisiwe ulawulo engundoqo borhwebo: umphathi wepotifoliyo yenza inzuzo kunye umthengi, kwaye umthengisi - kule client.