Iindinyana Koran. Surahs of Qur'an oNgcwele

ihlelo nganye incwadi yaso engcwele, nto leyo inceda kukhokela abathembekileyo endleleni efanelekileyo kunye noncedo ngomzuzu nzima. AmaKristu yiBhayibhile, amaYuda - Torah amaSilamsi - iKoran. Liguqulelwe igama elithetha "iincwadi zokufunda". Kukholelwa ukuba iKurani ibandakanya yezityhilelo ukuba athethwa nguMprofeti Mohammed, egameni ka Allah. Ekuhambeni kwexesha lethu, kukho uhlelo mihla le ncwadi, esishwankathela iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo, kwaye waqokelela ushicilelo yokuqala.

Kakuhle eli Qur'an

Le ncwadi engcwele benkolo yamaSilamsi ngelo xesha yabhalwa ngu Muhammad kunye abanquli bakhe. legends yamandulo xelela ukuba ukudluliselwa iKurani lathatha iminyaka 23. Ebonisa ingelosi yakhe uGabriyeli, yaye xa Mohammed wayeneminyaka engama-40 ubudala, wafumana incwadi xa iyonke.

Kule mihla kukho iingcaciso ezininzi Koran. Bambi bathi lo sikhokelo ukuba umntu odale uSomandla. Abanye bathi le ncwadi engcwele - ummangaliso wokwenene, kwakunye njengobungqina bokuba isiprofeto Muhammad baba yokwenene. Kwaye ekugqibeleni, kukho abo ngokuqinileyo bakholelwa ukuba iKurani - ilizwi uncreated likaThixo.

Ngemvelaphi yegama elithi "sura"

Koran izahluko kudala zifundwa abaphengululi ezahlukeneyo, kodwa isandla elikhulu okotshiweyo uNjingalwazi no Doctor of Philology Gabdulkhai Akhatov. Noko ke, wenza kweenkolelo ngeenkolelo, ezinye ezo yokuba igama amacandelo esi ncwadi ibhekisa kwimo ephezulu sikhundla. Kukho kwakhona uguqulelo, awathi "sura" - yemvelaphi i "tassur", gama elo elithetha "nezinyuko".

Enyanisweni, imilinganiselo eli lizwi lukhulu. Wonke ingcali yenzululwazi, umphengululi, umphandi ubeka phambili assumptions zayo, leyo, Kambe ke, oko akufuneki ukuba uxhomekeke, njengoko inyaniso. Gabdulkhai Akhatov kwakhona ingqalelo ukhetho, awathi "sura" lithetha "ucingo" okanye "inqaba". Ukongeza, i-nzulu wasondela isifaniso kunye elithi "dastvara", bona bubonakala "band" nevuthisayo, nayo, i uphawu engunaphakade, ingqibelelo, inkqubela kunye nokuziphatha. Ngenxa yoko, Akhatov weza wafikelela kwisigqibo sokuba ingcamango "sura" has inqwaba amaxabiso ezahlukeneyo. Oko kukuthi, oko ezininzi, yaye wonke simahla ukutolika ukuguqulela njengoko umnqweno. Ngapha koko, xa ke, eyona nto ibalulekileyo - hayi ilizwi kodwa intsingiselo, ixabiso kunye nenkolelo.

Ekugqibeleni Gabdulkhai wagqiba kwelokuba "sura" - isahluko sencwadi ethi Koran, nto leyo ukutshintsha lonke ihlabathi womntu, ukuyivala asisibeke. Komphandi wagxininisa into yokuba lowo ukufunda ukwenza amandla kwideri ngokomoya, ngoko ke imilingo isiphumo sur libonakalalisiwe.

Zeziphi suras?

Incwadi ongcwele izahluko 114 - enyanisweni, kukho iindinyana Koran. Ngamnye kubo nangoku yahlulwe izityhilelo ezininzi (iindinyana). Inani labo zisenokwahluka kuluhlu ukususela nge-3 286.

Zonke surahs of the Holy Quran yohlulwe ngaseMecca Medina. Ukuvela wabantu bokuqala ezinxulumene ne ubukho Umprofeti eMecca. Eli xesha ngangosuku 610 622 ngonyaka. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba akhawunti epheleleyo eMecca sur 86. An okunika umdla umyalelo lwamalungiselelo kweentloko. Umzekelo, oku kuqale sura 96th nesiphelo imizuzu-21.

Iimpawu suras Meccan

Iindinyana Koran babethanda ixesha elide kunye amaSilamsi kuqhubeka ukwenza njalo ngexesha lethu. Ukuqwalasela iqela elibizwa i "eMecca" Ndingathanda ukuqaphela ukuba eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo. ubonakele Bulelani Theodore Noldeke Le yokuhlela. Wacebisa ukuba Meccan sura 90, yaye kufuneka zibekwe, ngokuxhomekeke kwixesha ingenzeka.

Ngenxa yoko, Noldeke wachaza iintlobo ezintathu suras Meccan: isihobe (ukusuka kwisi-1 ukuya kunyaka-5 Injongo uMprofeti uMuhammad), rahmanskie (iminyaka 5-6.) Yaye zesiprofeto (ukuqalela ngo-7 g). Iqela lokuqala limelwe iintloko, ezithi zime ngendlela buchaza kwi iprozi yiRhymed. Le ngohlobo lwemibongo lwemizobo iquka umfanekiso Yentshabalalo, ziintlungu kwaye iqulethe iinkolelo sihamba.

ivesi Rahmanskie le Koran zaye ogama lakhe behlonipha Allah Rahman, owayebizwa ngokuba Nomusa. Kukholelwa ukuba kwavela ithuba lesibini Meccan nentekelelo yokuqala. I-sur iqela lesithathu kakhulu kwizinyibilikisi. Ngeli xesha, okubhaliweyo izaliswe namabali ngabaprofeti bamandulo.

Iimpawu suras Medina

Medina suras Qur'an ukuchaza ixesha isixhaso Mohammed e Medina, imvelaphi yayo elandwa iminyaka 622-632. Kukholelwa ukuba aba izahluko zale ncwadi engcwele iqulethe imiyalelo kunye nezibonelelo ezahlukeneyo ngokuphathelele amatyala zonqulo, lolwaphulomthetho nembambano. Kweli qela, kukho 28 suras. Bahlela ngokungakhethiyo, oko kukuthi, akukho ethile.

iimpawu sur

AmaSilamsi kudala babekholelwa ukuba sura ngamnye sinikezwe intsingiselo engcwele, kuxhotyiswa ngobulumko, ekwaziyo ekuthinteleni iinkathazo nokungonwabi, kwakunye ukukhusela nxamnye iimpazamo. Kakade ke, nje ukufunda imixholo iKurani, umntu akayi njengoThixo, oko nguThixo, esifubeni, yaye zonke iingxaki aziyi kupheliswa ngequbuliso. Ukufunda kufuneka kuqhutywa kwimo ithemba, ukuze sifumane intsikelelo wOyena Uphakamileyo. Ngapha koko, ukholo kuphela okuphilisa ukuthumela umntu nendlela engcono yokuphila.

Phakathi inombolo kunye iintlobo eziye omkhulu sur kulandelayo: Al-Bakkara, Al-Fatiha, Yasin umthandazo yokuhlambulula indlu, Al-Nasr al-Insan, kunye nabanye. Ku Qur'an igxininisa amakholwa kunye abachasi Allah. Ngoko ke, maxa wambi kukhubeka phezu umgca enkwantyisayo phezu amaphepha encwadi engcwele.

Rah Al-Bakkara

Phantse yonke incwadi Muslim ungcwele iKoran. Rah Baqarah njengenye yezona ezinamandla ebalulekileyo. Ngenxa owesibini kwaye elide. Baccarat iqulathe iivesi 286. Xa zizonke, iquka 25613 iileta Arabhu. Ukuze uqonde ukuba yintoni na eyona kwesi sahluko, kufuneka ufunde lokuqala - Al-Fatiha. Sura Baccarat i phambili yayo. Ichaza ngokweenkcukacha umxholo yezityhilelo zangaphambili kwaye igqalwa ngabalawuli, leyo ibimiswe uthunyelwe yi Allah.

Le rah ifundisa uluntu yobomi, ngokuqhelekileyo wabahlula abantu ngokweendidi ezintathu: abathembekileyo, abo bakholelwa Allah, kunye bahanahanisindini. Ekugqibeleni, intsingiselo yalo sahluko kuxhomekeke yokuba bonke kufuneka amkele ukuba kukho uThixo bamnqule. Ukongeza, i-rah uxelela abantu malunga nobomi kaSirayeli, kunye noonyana bakhe, ngexesha likaMoses ubabalo lukaThixo kubo. Zonke iindinyana iKoran zibaluleke ngokukodwa, kodwa Baccarat ithatha umfundi egqityiweyo, uthi imbali.

emngcwabeni Muslim

Kanye izizwe zonke, apho le umfi walandela ngendlela elide kunye ngoxolo. Noko ke, amaSilamsi aqhubeke nezithethe ezithile kunye nemigaqo, nakuzo izinto ezibhaliweyo kule ncwadi engcwele ngokuba "Koran". Rah Yasin, ixelela ibali izithethe zomngcwabo. Le ngxelo ifumaneka kwi indawo 36, kodwa yenye ukubaluleka engundoqo. Kukholelwa ukuba lo sura kubhaliwe iMecca, kwaye iqulathe iivesi 83.

Yasin luzinikele abo abazange baphulaphule, zikholwe. Sura uthi amandla Allah ukuba ukuvusa abafileyo, kwaye ke ziya kuqwalaselwa ikhoboka. Kwakhona intloko ubalisa ibali somzabalazo phakathi amakholwa kunye abangakholwayo, yaye ngenxa yezi amadabi. AmaSilamsi abaninzi bakholelwa intliziyo weKurani rah Yasin.

Umthandazo nokucoca indlu

Njengokuba sele sitshilo, i-Koran - incwadi engcwele amaSilamsi, abathi qhoboshela kubaluleke kakhulu. rah nganye linentsingiselo twisisaka kunye ezizodwa. Ukongeza achaza ubomi abaprofeti, ukucinga ngenjongo yobomi, kwaye kukho imithandazo ukuba ukunceda abantu ukukhusela iintsapho kwizifo neentlekele, kwakunye ihlambulukile indlu yakho kwimimoya emdaka uze ucele Allah ukuba ulonwabo, uthando, yaye ngaphezulu. Apha ke ubhetyebhetye kangangokuba - iKoran. Surat yokuhlambulula indlu - enye izahluko ezininzi, siyabona ukuba amaSilamsi hayi amazwe kunye imisebenzi endlwini, hayi nje ekulweni amaRoma.

Suru kuyimfuneko yokuhlambulula indlu rhoqo kangangoko ukufunda. Kwakhona kuyenzeka ukuba ukuphulaphula irekhodi, ikhatywa ngengqondo ngaphandle zikhathazayo ozithandayo yokuhlala. Kakuhle eli sahluko kukujongana umntu Allah oza ukukhusela kunceda ngalo naliphi na ixesha. Njengomgaqo, umthandazo ngenxa yokusulungekiswa funda izihlandlo ezithathu kusasa nangokuhlwa. Abanye Siyaleza ukulungisa ukufunda omnye umgca ivesi kwetrone.

Ngenxa yoko, ezinye iindinyana iKoran zibalulekile kwi benkolo yamaSilamsi. Iminyaka emininzi ukuba kukhuthaza, ukunika amandla, siphilise abantu usizi, ukungonwabi, kunye nezinye iingxaki. Bonke bephela, enyanisweni, i isityhilelo esivela kuThixo, inyaniso ifuna akukho bungqina. Kwaye kuvela uMdali, qiniseka ukuba ethwele ngokhuko umntu olungileyo. Kuyimfuneko kuphela ukuba ukukholelwa kuyo.