Iinkqubo eliguqukayo luphawulwa ngokupheleleyo yi ntoni?

Xa udweliso, inkcazelo kakuhle ingxaki akusoloko nilicombulule. Kodwa nayiphi na inkcazelo ingxaki usoloko kufutshane isisombululo sayo. Algorithmic kunye nokufakwa kweenkqubo mva kuye a elula kuthathwa nye.

Program zibizwa ngakumbi abaphuhlisi. Isiphumo iinkqubo kusoloko inkcazo (algorithm + bume) ukusombulula le ngxaki.

Ziziphi ulwimi nendlela kwenziwa - akunamsebenzi.

Indaba encinane ezichukumisayo

ekuqaleni Algorithmic kunye nokufakwa kweenkqubo waya isandla ngesandla, kodwa ke umendo zabo diverged. Ngelo xesha, abaninzi nokukhumbula - kufika kuqala. Malunga nolwahlulo kanye ubuchule kusoloko kufuneka ube ingcamango ecacileyo - kufika yesibini.

Ukuchuma iinkqubo zale mihla kubangelwe ikakhulu indlela elukhuni abadlulayo ingqiqo lolwazi, inkcazo data kanye ubuchule imveliso kwiinkqubo.

Iilwimi okuqala ezilula njengekhadi punch, kodwa wasebenza. Izinto, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo, izibhengezo ezahlukeneyo kunye neenkcazelo nkqubo indlela ezinzima kulawulwa.

Njengoko umthetho, eziguquguqukayo ziye zohlulwa esinamandla (ezo ezinokuthi zingatshintshwa) kunye static (rhoqo, ayikwazi kutshintshwa bona).

Le yokuqala yaba ezahlukeneyo uhlobo isalathisi (yinto mpumelelo obunqwenelekayo zolwimi "obungunaphakade" - "Assembler"). Ayizizo zonke iilwimi igcinwe ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo, kodwa iinkqubo zale mihla usebenzisa iintonga zokwalatha - ikhowudi top nemfezeko.

imithetho esisiseko: konke oko yaqala

Variable kufuneka kuvakaliswa phambi kokusebenzisa yokuqala, yaye ngokufuthi ngakumbi ekuqaleni kwale nkqubo, yaye ngokufuthi ngakumbi - kwindawo ethile yenkqubo. Variable kufuneka libhalwe ngoonobumba Latin, kunye okanye ngaphandle amanani. Ezinye iilwimi vumela "_ 'umlinganiswa. I wokuqala kufuneka abe ngumfuziselo.

Eliguqukayo waba phawu uphawu wayilinganisa ukwazi kuthatha ixesha elingakanani Byte kwinkumbulo kwaye nendlela ukulungelelanisa kumda igama, uze kabini-lizwi.

Le yokugqibela kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba iinkqubo zemathematika. Iimpawu lombutho yinkumbulo umsebenzi wenkqubo math prosesa ibopheleleke kuphela ukuchaza ngokuchanekileyo nangexesha bume, kodwa kwakhona ukuqwalasela ukuba iza kuba njani kwixesha RAM.

Ngu. "Nedra" RAM ezikhoyo iinkqubo zale mihla kwiimeko ezininzi. Ngaphambili, umbutho memory akuyiqonda ngamandla.

Ukuma lokuqala data - iseti eziguquguqukayo - umsebenzi njenge variable kunye semantics ethile, kodwa kwakufuneka akwazi ukufikelela nje kubo, zingaphi bytes kuthatha, kodwa khumbula ukuba ezinye iindidi ze data le compiler ngokuzenzekelayo angabekwa kwi umda wegama.

Konke oku kuye kwakhokelela ekubeni iimpazamo ezinzulu kwiinkqubo. In memory of Ngaloo maxesha ngqwabalala, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba iilwimi zokuqala lonke ixesha labo kunye kalukhuni enikiweyo variables, iintlobo, izakhiwo data, iinkqubo kunye nophuhliso lolawulo ekhuselekileyo syntactic.

Ukuba udweliso lwenkqubo lidlule ulawulo syntactical kwaye ukudibanisa ngempumelelo, iingxaki ekuphumezeni zaye eqala nje xa kukho impazamo yomdwelisi wenkqubo elibi okanye ukusilela ezi zixhobo.

Kule mihla, uHlelo online

Ezinye iilwimi zokuhlela zisahleli zizibophelele inkcazo olungqongqo yezahlukileyo. iimvume ezininzi inkcazelo, kodwa likuvumela ukuba utshintshe uhlobo variable njengoko lula uhlelo.

PHP: kukho umahluko phakathi kweenkqubo luphawulwa ngokupheleleyo ngegama, ixabiso, yaye loo nto hlobo kuxhomekeke apho kwi khowudi kunye nexesha xa luyimfuneko. Abanye abantu abathandi ebhekisela variables nge "$", kodwa unokuba amagama afana: $ 1, $ 2, $ 3.

Zibe amaxabiso ingagqithi kwimiqathango ezinqwenelekayo, kunye nobuninzi lweentlobo kunokwenzeka. Kuba uninzi lwemisebenzi imitya ezilahlekileyo, integers, maxa wambi wokwenene enengqondo. Isalathisi njengokuba enjalo ayikho apha, kodwa ikhono ukugqithisa ebonisa endaweni variable apho.

JavaScript: zokuhlela ngokupheleleyo Womendo luphawulwa yokuba kufuneka kubeka kuchazwa, nangona kwezinye iimeko, nje ukungabikho inkcazelo lolwimi, amathuba okufumana i khowudi esebenzayo akwanelanga. JavaScript nje akayi ukusebenza loo nto abonela lwesivakalisi okanye akaba nako ukufeza.

Zibe uza ngophahla, kodwa ethandwa kakhulu variables asezantsi abasebenzisi kwamagama.

Lwenkqubo iilwimi akwi-intanethi ngokungathanga ngqo, oko kukuthi, C #, C ++, Pascal, Ugcino - engqongqo. E C #, kufuneka nje kuphela ukuchaza kodwa yokubalisa.

Eziguquguqukayo ebonakala

Kuqala kwinto zonke, egameni lakhe, ukuba zeziphi iilwimi ezahlukeneyo iimfuneko engqongqo. Ukuba PHP kuwufunale uphawu $ phambi igama bume, ngoko Java ngaphaya umda lesivumelwano. Ngokubanzi, njengoko nokuthiywa eziguquguqukayo Ngokuphathelele, ukongeza iingcinga isintaksi, kukho ezininzi developers ngezimvo.

Ukuqalisa ukubhala ngolwimi oluthile, kubalulekile ukuphulaphula uluvo loogxa sibukele iincwadi yakutshanje yembono kwisimbo ulwimi.

Variable uphawu yesibini - ixabiso layo. It uhlala khona. Nokuba ayisekho ixabiso - nayo ibalulekile. A phawu uphawu: umzekelo, PHP imisebenzi emininzi, ezibalaseleyo ngenxa amanani anganika isiphumo boolean - kunokuba hayi umphumo?

Uhlobo ayibalulekanga, kubalulekile ukuba, kunye noyilo ezininzi JavaScript ngumtshangatshangiso aneliseke bubukho imilinganiselo, kungakhathaliseki uhlobo yayo.

Into yokugqibela kubalulekile kuba, enyanisweni, ixabiso variable.

iindidi zedata Basic

Ngokubanzi, inkcazo yehlabathi, ihlabathi litshintshile, nangona zeelwimi kunye nezimbo e ukunika igama, akukabikho nto ingako savela ngokunxulumene iintlobo ezisisiseko.

Ngokomthetho badwelisi benkqubo ukusebenzisa umtya (umtya), ngokufuthi integers (int, inani elipheleleyo), ukuba kuyimfuneko, amanani zokwenene (kabini, wokwenene), sekunjalo kugcinwa ezinye ingqiqo uphawu (Isakare).

Pro database (besa kwixhego), akunako ukuthetha, kukho inani iinguqulelo lweentlobo ezingundoqo ezinikezelwa kuzo zonke izihlandlo, kunye neendidi iinkcukacha ezininzi lilifa kwixesha Ada kunye Babbage.

Okwangoku, i-bume engcono ngokwayo xa kweenkqubo luphawulwa ngokupheleleyo ngokukhomba, sigqibe ukuba ixabiso, uhlobo, yaye ngubani na oya kuba icace kuphela ngalo mzuzu xa luyimfuneko.

Izinto kanye ubuchule

iinkqubo Lonely variable luphawulwa ngokupheleleyo ngumnqweno ukuba kwinkampani nabanye abafana naye. Le into yembali, kwaye kukho kancinane apha kuxhomekeke ukuthanda lomphuhlisi.

Ukuba indalo le nkqubo iqala ngokwemiqathango yamagunya, ingakumbi xa uthatha ziingcali zophuhliso, apho umxholo othi "Algorithmic kunye nokufakwa kweenkqubo," ilizwi lokuqala kubaluleke ngaphezu lesibini, kuya kuba variables ezinkulu ezininzi. Ngokuqhelekileyo olu khetho esamisile variables inkcazelo inyathelo.

Ukuba indalo le nkqubo iqala ucazululo iinjongo zayo eziphambili, kwaye yeyona ngongoma ziphambili zale ngxaki sithathwa njengesiseko, ngoko ke amathuba okufumana i ngenxa yokusebenza ngokwaneleyo.

Chaza ingongoma ephambili nokudala algorithm, inkonzo yayo - oku nje umahluko phakathi kweenkqubo, uhlobo, igama, ixabiso kunye nenkcazelo ndawo, kunye nenkqubo ekuqaleni. Yintoni ebalulekileyo inkqubo wokuchaza izinto kunye ubuchule asebenza nabo.

Kubalulekile ukuya intshukumo:

• a kelelo kuqala injongo;
• yoko, ukuphonononga nokuchaza iinkcukacha;
• le kelelo yesibini ukuya njongo.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, emva ukusekwa iinkcazelo wesibini nowesithathu ukuze ukuqonda apho ukuqala. Lo msebenzi waya kusebenza.

Ebonisa inkcazo yezahlukileyo

Yanto ukuqala inkqubo kunye izinto eziphambili: akukho amagama, iintlobo kunye nemilinganiselo zidlala indima enkulu. Lonely variable isakhiwo data, kukho uluhlu okanye into - yinto nje isisombululo manani le ngxaki.

Umthi into echaza umsebenzi, kukho izinto, kanye ubuchule ifakwe ngaphakathi ikhowudi single - into kwaye zonke izinto into ekwabelwana - inkqubo into - oku kunjalo. Nantso a izinto ngokwenene nowangoku indalo.

Ezi izinto angasebenzisana noontanga babo, kodwa ngenxa ilifa ngamnye kubo Ungasa ecaleni umthi yesebe usapho, oko kukuthi kukho isalathisi sokuba njengangoku ntoni apho kusetyenziswa, yaye wenza njani - yinto efanelekileyo, kunye nesiqulatho sayo kunene - hayi. Kulo mzekelo, umxholo lidlala indima xa esenza, isalathisi ihambisa ukuya umxholo olandelayo.