Iintlanzi Book oluBomvu: iifomu, iifoto

Minyaka le Red Book of Russia zazaliswa ngamagama izilwanyana ezitsha. Izizathu yokuduka iintlobo lonke ezahlukeneyo, kwaye kwimeko nagnye kufuna ingqalelo, ukhathalelo. Namhlanje siye sagqiba ekubeni abhale malunga iintlanzi Red kwiNcwadi zelizwe lethu ngexesha elinikiweyo, siya ukuchaza abameli kakhulu umdla yaye kunqabile abahlala kweelwandle, amachibi kunye nemilambo of Russia.

Dolphin Azov

Xa isitya oLwandle Azov uhlale olu hlobo lwentlanzi kwixesha zidala kwi kuphuma emlanjeni. Kuyaphawuleka lo ukutya ukuba ukususela kwinkulungwane yesithandathu ngenkulungwane BC, yaye ngowe-1986 waye yokuloba, kunye nezimbiwa ngonyaka sithandane enesiqingatha kweetoni eziliwaka.

Abantu abadala akhule ukuya ubude 4.5 eemitha, ubunzima lwabo malunga 750. amaqanda Intlanzi Azov, kakhulu, azilingani ngobukhulu kwaye inga ukuya omise ezine ubukhulu nganye. Ukufikisa iinkunzi ukutya eza eneminyaka 12-14 iminyaka kunye nabasetyhini 16-18. Ezi ntlanzi zithathwa yi abadala abangazange attained lo ubudala - abaselula.

Ezi ntlanzi zidweliswe kwi-Red Book of Russia zisemngciphekweni wokutshabalala, ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, inani labo ngqo ayaziwa, kodwa wavele abadala akukho ngaphezu alishumi lamawaka, njengokuba abaninzi abaselula. Shwaka ebusweni Umhlaba isiqalo ukutya emva kokuba Don yakhiwa Tsimlyanskaya idama kunye aphehla Kuban Fedorov. Ezi zakhiwo anqamka phantse ngokupheleleyo off amabala zidala yale intlanzi enkulu.

Ukususela ngo-1986, ngokupheleleyo wavalwa kubambisa Intlanzi ukutya, ezithengiswayo. Abavelisi bazama ukwandisa inani iintlanzi, ukuzala kubo enziwe. Namhlanje phantse yonke imihlambi eziphilayo ezihlala elwandle, le zibangelwa kulinywa ngumntu.

Sakhalin sturgeon

Iintlanzi Red Book of ixabiso elithile ebantwini. Bona akhuselwe ngokungqongqo ngumthetho, kodwa abangenamvume ukufumana amakroba, yaye imizamo abalimi ukuba artificially ukwandisa labantu akusoloko aphumelele. Ngoko ke, lo sturgeon Sakhalin kukho kuphela omnye nesiqingatha amawaka.

Iifoto kwezo ntlanzi Red Book, kuquka Intlanzi, zithiwe thaca kweli nqaku. eziphilayo Sakhalin lusemgubasini lokutshabalala waza wangena kudidi lokuqala yokutshabalala. Le ntlanzi de yoma zenkulungwane lokugqibela, barbarously ukubatshabalalisa, ingakumbi ezibalulekile amaqanda abo.

Le abadala enkulu kakhulu ngobukhulu yaye kunqabile akhule ukuya kwiimitha ezimbini. Ubunzima avareji Sakhalin oqolileyo Intlanzi i-60 kg. Ngo-Russia, ezi zilwanyana ufumaneka kule Tatar Strait kwaye ezinye imilambo esikhukulayo, angena kulo of Sakhalin yaye iyavuma Krai, umhla kuphela elithembekileyo mfula Tumnin.

Ukuze alondoloze senkangeleko sandise amanani ayo waqalisa umsebenzi kokuzala kwakhe ngumntu. Abalimi kufuneka uncedo abasemagunyeni ukucima izingqengqelo zidala yehlathi zarhaxwa, inkunkuma, ukudala namachibi ezongezelelweyo.

sterlet

Pisces Russia Red Book ubunzima nje kuphela ngenxa yo- zibambe, kodwa kumanzi ingcolisekile. Umzekelo, amanzi Intlanzi lusemgubasini lokutshabalala kunye yokutshabalala.

Ngaphambili, ezi ntlanzi zidweliswe kwi-Red Book of Russia ngoku wahlala kulo isitya Sea Black, umlambo iVolga, Kuban, Dnieper, Desna, i-Don, i Urals, kunye nabanye abaninzi. Ngenxa amanzi amdaka kwiindawo ezininzi, ezi zilwanyana ifumaneka kuphela iimeko ezimbalwa, abanye wanyamalala ngokuphelele, njengokuba kwi Kuban River.

sturgeon omdala mncinci kakhulu. ubude bayo ukusuka cm-40 ukuya kuma-60, avareji ubunzima isusela evela grams ezintlanu ezilikhulu ukuya ezimbini Kilo.

Ukugcina iintlobo eziveliswa ukucocwa kwemilambo, iinkampani ezininzi ziye zavalwa some ukungcola amadama, ecinga eziyityhefu zabo. Impumelelo zokuqala sele ezibonakalayo, xa nezitya ye Kama kunye iVolga ikwazile ukwandisa kakhulu inani sterlet.

herring iVolga

uhlobo iintlanzi Red Data Book zahlukene, kodwa phantse bonke lokuloba. IVolga herring kanye ingqalelo inkulu, oko ngonyaka kuvelisa iziqwenga billion ngaphezulu kwesiqingatha. Namhlanje, iintlobo olukhuselwe, amanani kwayo ukwehla ngenxa ungcoliseko iVolga River (ndawo iphambili zidala), ukwakhiwa kwamadama.

Ngeli xesha, akukho imiqathango ngolondolozo ye-Red Book of intlanzi ithinjiwe. Ukwandisa inani iya kuphucula imeko yokusingqongileyo kunye nokudalwa ngamaqula ngumntu ukuzalisa.

salmon ichibi

Xa nezitya ze kwiBaltic kunye White iilwandle umiwe ngala iintlanzi Book oluBomvu. Ukuze ujungujungu, beza emlanjeni, ezidada echibini. Sithiye zobukhulu amancinci: iisentimitha 40 nezinobunzima ukuya ku-600 grams. Inani salmon landlocked baqalisa ukuhla kakhulu ukususela ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane lokugqibela. Esengozini wokutshabalala, ezi ntlanzi zaba, ngenxa yezizathu ezintathu:

• nokubanjiswa eyenzeke ukulungiselela iinjongo zorhwebo;
• inkunkuma ungcoliseko umlambo, bagawule amahlathi;
• ukwakhiwa kwamadama, leyo ivaliwe indima amaqanda.

Okwangoku, umsebenzi wenziwe ukuba ulondolozo ukwanda iintlobo namanani. Esusa emlanjeni, misa uhlobo loovimba.

sprat abrauskaya

Ezinye iintlobo zeentlanzi ezidweliswe kwiNcwadi oluBomvu, musa nokuba azame ukusindisa. Oku kwenzeka nge sprat. Le ntlanzi mancinane kakhulu, akhule nje ukuya ngokweesentimitha ezine. Le kuphela yokuhlala - Ichibi Abrau Krasnodar mmandla.

Buyela kwi ngamahlanu ye sprat ngenkulungwane yokugqibela Ubanjwe ku izinto ezingaphezulu kwama-200 ngexesha, kodwa ngoku, akwaziwa ukuba iintlobo sigcinwe onke. Le ntlanzi iye yaphela ngenxa kokuhlaliswa kwabantu ngumntu kwi irhamncwa echibini iphezulu.

Ukuze ukuzama ukugcina abrau sprat, kuyimfuneko ukuba uhlolisise echibini ukufumana amaxhoba ngabanye, ukuba ikhona wahlala. Kreokonservirovat gene ukhule iintlanzi kwezinye amachibi, indawo lwamanzi uyafana kwindawo ahlala yokuhlala anchovy, kwaye ngaphandle ezininzi iintaka karhataka.

Salvethymus svetovidovi

Xa isitya le Anadyr River, Lake El'gygytgyn in a lot of ubomi le ntlobo. Xa Red Book of Isakare, kube ngenxa yokuba ayifumaneki kwenye indawo. Catch enye kunokwenzeka ukuba ngaphezu kwamakhulu amabini amaqhosha yeentlanzi.

Ubukhulu albacore char ifikelela iisentimitha ezimashumi mabini anamithathu, bekufika bulikhulu avareji angamakhulu amathandathu grams. Olu hlobo ezinqabileyo nguye ummeli kuphela uhlobo wayo, ngoko vika ngokungqongqo.

Ukwenzela ukuphepha ekutshabalaleni Isakare, idike kwathiwa lesikhumbuzo yendalo. Ukuze kwandiswe inani labemi yaye ithuba lokuba zikhe ngayo kwamanye amachibi, ngokutsho amanzi kufutshane El'gygytgyn kuyimfuneko kreokonservirovat ufuzo.

Sipho

Loo uhlobo roundnose ezidweliswe kwiNcwadi oluBomvu. labantu bayo sehle kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa neminyaka asixhenxe kwinkulungwane edluleyo. Sipho uhleli kuphela yikristale ecacileyo imilambo entabeni namanzi fast kunye namachibi. Mbono esengozini yokutshabalala.

Le ntlanzi laqala ukunyamalala kwi Red Data Book ngenxa yezizathu eziliqela. Kwezinye amachibi kunye nemilambo Sipho wanyamalala ngokupheleleyo ngenxa ungcoliseko lwamanzi kunye nenkunkuma yemichiza yezolimo ngexesha kuphuhliso imimandla abantu. Uninzi lwemilambo baba nzulu ngenxa nangokukrola amahlathi yonxweme. negalelo elibonakalayo yokuduka abantu Lenca eyenziwe wokutshiza buthi amahlathi wonxweme zokukorekisha. Abazingela kwakhona yale mithi wambamba le ntlanzi.

iflakisi abadala uba ngeekhilogram ezintlanu ubunzima kunye ukuya iisentimitha asibhozo ubude. Ngokuba inani elikhulu umtya esimnandi ukuze wamthanda kunye nabantu, ngoko wabamba kukuninzi.

Okwangoku, malinge ukwandisa inani le iintlobo. Icocwe imilambo namachibi xa repopulating kubo Lenca. Qhotsa kwi amachibi ziya kuba zilungele ukuba kuthuthwa kwezinye iindawo zokuhlala.

salmon wemifula

Kungenjalo, intlanzi ekuthiwa Red Book of the trout komlanjana. It uhlala ngohlobo komsinga nemilambo nzulu ngamanzi abandayo yaye ngoku fast. Ubungakanani ukusuka trout amancinci: ukuya iisentimitha mathathu ubude, ubunzima angumndilili wesikiti.

Intlanzi ezidweliswe kwi-Red Book of Russia, kwezinye imilambo aphel ngokupheleleyo ngenxa yokuloba ongalawulwayo, ungcoliseko, indawo yokuhlala, shallowing okanye imijelo ngawona ngokupheleleyo.

Kwamanye amazwe Russia waqala umsebenzi ulondolozo udidi, ukunyuka kwenani. Hi xikombiso, ku Bashkiria kunye yaseTver mmandla kusungulwe loovimba. An ukulima yokufakelwa ukuzalisa imilambo kunye nemisinga.

Volkhov whitefish

Le ntlanzi de yoma ababelotyiwe. Imveliso yoNyaka ngaphezu amathandathu amawaka amaqhosha whitefish. Namhlanje inani efikelela bebonke amawaka elinesithandathu.

Whitefish enamandla, ezinamanzi. Ubude bayo Kuxhomekeke iisentimitha amathandathu, ubunzima unako ukufikelela ngeekhilogram.

Unciphiso ebukhali kwenani abachaphazelekayo kuphela lokuloba ongalawulwayo, kodwa ungcoliseko lwamanzi, ukwakhiwa kwamadama. Ngenxa izithintelo ezingeyondalo zidala iintlanzi ezininzi bafa.

Okwangoku imisebenzi on Ukubuyiselwa amandla. nokuzalana ezingezizo of Qhotsa, ezizalayo whitefish sele kusendleleni. Ndinyana lususiwe ukuba besasaza amabala, ukuba ngumntu.

Pereslavl vendace

Ezi iintlanzi eziphila kuphela kwi Plescheevo Lake (ngaphambili Pereslavskoe) ukuba loo mmandla Yaroslavl. Eli chibi Wabandezeleni kunye Big Nerl enxulumene iVolga.

Vendace uthanda amanzi abandayo kunye isixa esikhulu oksijini. Ngaphambili, wayehlala hambe echibini (ezikwere zeekhilomitha 50), ngoku afumaneka kuphela kwezinye iinxalenye zayo, njengokuba kwakunjalo ezifudumeleyo, kunye mpilo. Ngenxa ukunyuka emanzini whitefish ubushushu ngasekhohlo kubunzulu, yaye kuphela ebusuku, xa amanzi buyehla, liphuma emanzini phakathi neziphezulu izibophelelo.

Iqondo lobushushu lwamanzi luyanda ngenxa ekwehleni flowage echibini. Kuye imali encinci lamanzi ngenxa yokuba itshiswa imigxobhozo kunye nemilambo. Uninzi lwemilambo kunye nemisinga ziye zaba nzulu ngenxa nangokukrola amahlathi yonxweme. Inani whitefish iye yehla kakhulu, ngoku ngobanjiso yalo kwisihlanu ekhulwini kuphela unako ukuvelisa ngaphezulu yee-. Indlela abantu abaninzi kuhlala, akwaziwa.

Kuba ekulondolozweni iintlobo ngo-1975, lo wawubizwa Plescheevo waqonda ingcwele indalo. Kude kuye uthimbe izinto ezikhutshwa kwiifektri. Kwi echibini Akuvunyelwe ukuba bahambe zenjini. whitefish catch ezingavumelekanga.

Black Amur bream

Le Uhlobo yayisecicini yokutshabalala. E China, abemi bayo iphantsi kolawulo, eRashiya, lo bream ifumaneka kuphela Amur River sokuhlambela, kwi the Ussuri River, amanani ayo kuqhubeka ukuhla.

Ekubeni ubude akukho iisentimitha ngaphezu amathandathu ubunzima yentlanzi inzuzo ukuya kilograms.

Ukunciphisa umxholo yamanzi le Amur ikhuthaza yokuduka eziphilayo. E China kubhaliwe ibekwe amabala zidala engundoqo bream. ukubamba ongalawulekiyo kwezi ndawo ukhokelele ekuncitshisweni kwenani labemi eRashiya. Indima ebalulekileyo ekunciphiseni inani ungcoliseko lwamanzi badlale. Inani ngqo bream abamnyama kwi Amur ayaziwa. Ayenzelwe ucaca kwi ukubamba ezinye iintlobo zentlanzi.

Ukugcina iintlobo ukususela 1981 kwavalwa kubambisa Amur bream emnyama kummandla Russia.

Ngomhla umbuzo ibinjani iintlanzi zidweliswe zisemngciphekweni, akukho namnye bakwazi ukuphendula. Nyaka ngamnye, yongezwe kuluhlu okanye ezisusiweyo kuyo ezinye zezidalwa ngenxa yokuba nya yaphela, okanye unako ukubuyisela amandla. Sinethemba lokuba ngenxa ukulondolozwa kwezintlu zezinto eziphilayo liza siphela.