Trans-izimvu National Park. ezindaweni eyodwa ekhuselekileyo

Zabaikal'skii State National Park - iperile lokwenene Buryatia. namathafa ezizodwa kunxweme esempuma Lake izimvu, izakhiwo ezixabisekileyo zendalo, ukugcinwa kwawo phantsi kogrogriso, Ndikunyathelise noRhulumente RSFSR ngo-1986 ukuya lokukhupha umthetho phezu ukusekwa kwingingqi epakini, ephantsi wokhuseleko karhulumente.

Nantsi yiparadesi izilwanyana: iintlobo ezingaphezu kwe-44 ezanyisayo, 50 - ezinomqolo, iintlobo 241 zeentaka, iintlobo-3 ezirhubuluzayo eziphila ngokunjalo. abameli ezininzi izilwanyana zifakiwe kwi-Red Book of Russia.

I-National Park yinxalenye kwisakhiwo esikhulu ezinika isiqulathi ezisemantla kunye ubuhle bendalo ekuthiwa Zapovednoe Podlemorye. Liphethe iipaka ezimbini nangaphezulu - reserve Frolihinsky kunye Barguzin Reserve. Zonke iinkalo ezintathu ezikhuselweyo ziyinxalenye object "Lake izimvu", ephantsi ukhuselo UNESCO.

Iimpawu yale paka

Ummandla kwindawo ekhuselweyo luquka zemfundo, median, kunye Svyatonossky Barguzinsky uluhlu kwaye ithatha ezingama-269.000 yeehektare. 37.000 hectares - na ummandla wamanzi of Lake izimvu, lo amanzi chibi zinzulu ehlabathini.

Uninzi egciniweyo zakhiwo kuhlala thambeka lwentaba, wayifulela iintshinyela amaninzi ziintshaba, pine, nenomlanga, larch, nompleyini kunye hlathi zemisedare.

Enye yeendawo ezininzi ezintle kuthathwa kwempumlo Peninsula oyiNgcwele: Chivyrkuisky kwisiqwenga somhlaba kanga ukuba esikunxweme lwempuma yeso Lake zamanzi. Encotsheni Academic zentaba, i umda kwamanzi phakathi nezitya emantla kunye akumazantsi izimvu sokuhlambela, imelwe iziqithi ezincinane nezinkulu Ushkany Ushkani siqithi.

Le ukubunjwa ogama Nqabakazi iziqithi Ushkaniye.

Chivyrkuisky Bay

Trans-izimvu National Park idume ukuba rookery likhulu kwi izimvu emanzini wokutywina - itywina. Kuyinto ikho Lake izimvu kunye ummeli kuphela pinnipeds kwecala. Uninzi zamanzi afumaneka kwiziqithi Ushkaniye, apho inani labo ngamanye amaxesha ufikelela 2500 - abantu 3000. Ekwindla, ngexesha izaqhwithi, nitywine (iimazi ngokuqhelekileyo ukhulelwe) uhamba Chivyrkuisky Bay. Noko ke, asiyiyo indawo yeekota ebusika: ukufumana unyango kunye ukuphumla, seals kwakhona idluliselwa emanzini evulekileyo, njengoko bay ligutyungelwe ngumkhenkce.

Bay idume imithombo yayo thermal, edume apho - oontloyiya. It yayo labantu igama inyoka kunesiqhelo, awayengabemi Arangatuyskih imigxobhozo. Ubushushu amanzi kumthombo ifikelela + amaxesha 50-60 degrees. Kuyinto ethandwayo phakathi ziindwendwe epakini nezimbiwa imithombo kunye Nechaevsky Culina kumgxobhozo.

Gulf coast Chivyrkuy kunqunyulwa ngamandla phezulu, amanzi isikwe ezweni km 25. Olu phawu kuye kwakhokelela ekubeni zonke ecaleni ichibi ayemancinane kukhuseke encamini sandy yomoya kubunzulu kuyimitha enekota. Enye kakhulu langutana - Ongokonskaya Bay.

ukunyuka intaba Ezintlanu ukuvumela iindwendwe aqhelane abemi kwindawo ekhuselweyo, ubuhle bayo kunye nenkangeleko gorgeous. Ukusuka kwindawo eliphezulu le park - Intaba Markovo, ibekwe kwi usingasiqithi iSt impumlo, indawo view entle.

Eso siqithi epakini

Buryatia Indalo ezahlukahlukeneyo yaye zintle nayiphi na obubonakala. Ngoko ke, esenza yokulwa kwi Chivyrkuisky Bay, unako ukuba ezi ziqithi, iibhanki amqengqelezi ebe ulihlathi ezininzi bamantshontsho kwaye ama herring, olugobileyo apha iintaka.

iimpawu imozulu yale paka

Le park ise kwingingqi zemozulu empumalanga srednebaykalskom, esibonakala yimozulu lizwekazi kunye eshushu, ehlobo kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ebandayo yasebusika elide. Effect ichibi ithambisa iimeko zemozulu kummandla wonxweme zone reserved. Iqondo avareji ebusika ngu -19 degrees Celsius, 14 degrees ehlotyeni. Ubushushu amanzi echibini lingaphumi ngentla 14 degrees nokuba imihla ishushu.

imithombo yamanzi reserve

Trans-izimvu National Park inee- imithombo yamanzi. Apha kuthatha indawo imilambo emininzi amancinci, aphakathi apho Grand Chivyrkuy, Small kunye Big Cheremshana. Kwamachibi zezi imifula ivaliwe, ngoko bathi abathimbi amanzi lwabo echibini. Kukho kwakhona ichibi: inkulu kubo - Arangatuy amaNcinane Arangatuy, ibekwe kwi siqwenga Chivyrkuy kwaye uqhagamshele kwi-Gulf. Bormashovoe edikeni ezincinane kwaye waziwa ngokuba amanzi kwizimbiwa yayo.

Uphawu yale paka kuba phambi karst amachibi - bona ngaphezu mabini.

Flora of the Trans-zamanzi National Park

Trans-izimvu Territory ise kwindawo amahlathi hlathi, nto leyo echaphazela ngqo ubume nohlaza le ndawo. Oku kungenxa zonation nkqo Zabaykalskie intaba. Banikwe ikakhulu ziquka imithi coniferous: larch Gmelina, umsipres eSiberia, nompleyini, imisedare pine ahamba.

A indawo encinci kuhlala amahlathi wofika, imelwe becala ilitye kunye broadleaf ezinde Aspen.

Trans-izimvu National Park luphawulwa lokusasaza engaqhelekanga zamahlathi hlathi intaba kuthelekiswa kwindawo yabo ezintabeni zwekazi yaseSiberia. Ngenxa yoko, inani omsedare park kunye nemithi larch larch incinane kakhulu - indawo yayo lugubungela malunga ne-14 eehektare, yaye kwi Marin kwi lokubiyela komlambo, ngoxa kwezinye zamahlathi yeSiberia imithi ezinjalo zimelwe asisininzi.

Ebezisoloko lokunye

Le flora na indawo ezahlukeneyo ekhuselweyo, iintlobo ezininzi zezityalo izezo zifumaneka kunye relict. Ebaluleke kakhulu kubo bahlala kule nduli kunye iziqithi Ushkaniye Oyingcwele Nose.

Ezi ziquka chosenia, uluntu, nompleyini ezincinanana kunye ezinde, nenomlanga, Borodin Teeling.

Ukwahluka zezilo

Ikhaya ngokwenene sables, iingcuka, wolverines, amabhere, iimpungutye, oonomatse, iielk, ibhere omdaka, voles ebomvu, icula, kedrovok, amaxhama must, KwiMarmot omnyama ezigqunywe, kunye nabanye abameli ezininzi zezilo waba Trans-izimvu National Park. Izilwanyana apha bazive bekhuselekile.

Phakathi abameli eziphila emhlabeni nasemanzini, iintlobo ezinqabileyo - amasele zaseSiberia kunye YamaSilamsi. Iintlobo ezintandathu izirhubuluzi nazo zifumaneka apha ziquka inyoka eziqhelekileyo, isanti necilishe, inyoka copperhead kunye necikilishe viviparous.

Phakathi iintaka nje ungenzi nto, kwaye elahlekile, unako ukufumana i wagtails ezimhlophe naziiperile, burogolovyh gaichek, moskovok, Dubrovnik, nuthatches, kedrovok, lapwings, snipe, terriers, terns eziqhelekileyo, ama herring kunye uBhartolomeyu. Ngamanye amaxesha paki ungabona nengwamza ezimnyama (indawo yakhe yokwakha kuhlala imfihlelo), ukhozi yegolide, ukhozi emhlophe-ezinomsila, njengeyona nesangxa kunye nenkqo.

Enye intaka enqabile wanyamalala zivela elunxwemeni Lake izimvu kwinani elincinane ubomi Chivyrkuy Bay nogwidi.

iintlobo ezininzi zeentaka khona iintaka kwi imigxobhozo, emehlweni abantu efihliweyo kwaye afumaneka ubukhulu becala Chivyrkuy kwisiqwenga somhlaba. Apha kukho kwakhona ubuncinane similise eziphilayo behlabathi - Arangatuyskie umiwe iielk, icula, muskrat kumgxobhozo.

Eyona ezininzi kakhulu kwiqela zasemanzini enikiweyo Mallard eziqhelekileyo, koko yoyika, pintail, zaselwandle Swan, San kunye Pochard.

Kukho ipaki kunye Izikhova Bird: -liva ixesha amade, nenciniba phambene, kuhlale kulo ifubesi nefubesi ngekhephu - leendwendwe kunqabile kakhulu, lwenzeke kuphela ebusika, okanye kwiindawo apho umntu ezinqabileyo sele uphumile ngaphambili.

National Parks of Buryatia, kuquka i-Trans-izimvu National Park, abazizityebi kunye nabameli ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi kwamanzi. Ngoko, kwi amadama nazo zakhele, IDE, grayling, uDace, burbot, Sisco, izimvu Intlanzi, Pike, Roach iintlobo sendawo - golomyanka encinane.

Trans-izimvu National Park: ukuba indlela

Ikufuphi iziko labantu park kwilali Ust-Barguzin.

Ungafumana apha emhlabeni okanye emanzini iindlela. Indlela eyiyo ngumhlaba - inkonzo izithuthi zabucala, leyo isuka Irkutsk kunxweme of Lake zamanzi. Ukususela elikomkhulu Republic of Buryatia - Ulan-Ude - unako ukufikelela epakini ngeteksi okanye ngebhasi.

Umgama ukuya myezo imalunga 275 km kwaye uhambo kuthatha malunga 5-6 iiyure.

Khumbula ukuba inxalenye enkulu endleleni ubaleka kwindlela luhlalu. Kuba abantu abakhetha indlela amanzi ukusuka ePort zamanzi kwakunye ukususela zokusonjululwa Khuzhir, Nizhneangarsk wathumela Listvyanka moya zabucala.

Emva kokutyelela epakini, anisayi okomzuzwana andizohlwayi, kuba ayikho kuphela lwentando Lake izimvu, kodwa njengendawo enamanzi imisebenzi zendalo iphuphumela kwi Trans-zamanzi Territory!