Iintlawulo zezabelo kunye neempawu intlawulo yazo

Zabelo (amalungu eenkampani ngokudibeneyo stock) bayakwazi ingeniso ngokomlinganiselo eyenziwe ukuba utyalo-mali yoluntu, ngokuxhomekeke ukukhula kwixabiso izibambiso ukuba kobumnini lwabo, nendlela izahlulo kwizabelo eziphantsi ngabo.

Izinikezelo zabelo yenziwa ukusuka ngengeniso yenkampani. Le nzuzo ngaphezulu inkampani, kungona ixabiso kwezabelo zayo uze izibalo ezinkulu ehlawulwa abanini kwiinzala.

Xa kusenziwa oku, ukuba umlinganiselo segolide phakathi ubungakanani ingeniso kwaye inxalenye ethunyelwa kwintlawulo izahlulo. Kwi-avareji, intlawulo nezahlulo ukuba shareholders 8-15% yenzuzo.

Izahlulo - kukuba yinxalenye yenzuzo yenkampani - inkampani stock joint, nto leyo iziphumo zemali oyithengileyo yothuba elithile enokuthi isasazwe phakathi zabelo.

Intlawulo nezahlulo lilungelo, kungekhona umsebenzi nzima kule nkampani. Esi sikhundla isekwe ngomthetho i-Russian Federation "Kwi Joint Stock Companies '. ERashiya, malunga nesinye kwisithathu iinkampani ngohlobo iinkampani ngokudibeneyo imfuyo uhlawule izabelo-zabelo zayo. Isigqibo sokuba uhlawule (ukubhengeza dividends) sinokwenziwa kuphela kwintlanganiso yoosozabelo.

Ukuze kulungiswe imidla yawo onke amaqela zabelo (shareholders abambalwa, zabelo uninzi) kunye yoluntu ngokwayo, umthetho simisela inyanzelekile ukuba ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho. Ngokutsho le mimiselo izahlulo akufunekanga nezakha kwisayizi enkulu ngaphezu koko isincomo yiBhodi yabaLawuli, kwaye iBhodi yabaLawuli ziya kusebenza kumdla benkampani, kunokuba ukukhonza izilangazelelo abanikeli ngamnye.

Zabelo banelungelo ukubeka isixa izahlulo, ngokudlulisela ibhodi yabalawuli. Ukuba awuvumelani nesigqibo sakhe, ukuba ulunike phezulu izahlulo okanye wenze isigqibo ezinikezelwa yiBhodi.

Xa kuthiwe izahlulo, xa kusekwa ubungakanani ngqo, ngokwemiqathango intlawulo kunye nohlobo lwentlawulo. Izahlulo ihlawulwa imali engange share nganye (ngaphandle isixa serhafu). Ngokuqhelekileyo, bahlawulwa ngemali eziinkozo, ngaphandle kokuba kumiselwe ngenye indlela namanqaku onxulumano yenkampani.

Xa kunjalo, ukuba inkampani ayihlawuli izahlulo ngexesha, zabelo banelungelo yiya enkundleni ukuze bafune ekufumaneni-mali esilindelweyo wenzala intlawulo yasemva kwexesha.

Ukuze ufumane iintlawulo kwi kwizabelo isenokuba ezo zabelo othenge izabelo zabo phambi komhla ezithile apho uxwebhu eyodwa ebonisa uluhlu lwe abo bantu abanelungelo nezahlulo kuphela. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba kulo mzekelo akunamsebenzi izabelo elide kangakanani zabelo abanini - unyaka kunye ngenye imini, uya kufumana intlawulo ngohlobo izahlulo.

Le izahlulo zihlawulelwa kwindawo ahlala kuyo zabelo. Ukuba iintlawulo zibanjwa ngokusebenzisa ibhanki, ngoko idilesi yokuhlala umuntu indawo yebhanki apho zabelo na i-akhawunti. Fumana iintlawulo zabelo noba buqu okanye omnye umntu phambi a kubameli uxwebhu.

Irhafu kwiinzala uthathwa irhafu yengeniso. Isixa serhafu lubalwa ngokwahlukeneyo iindidi berhafu ngendlela obonelela ikhowudi irhafu.

Yena ilingana no 9% abantu - ngabemi ngokusisigxina abahlala kummandla Russian Federation. Ngokuba abantu aba abahlali irhafu Russia azikho, irhafu yi-30%. Le rhafu kwiinzala corporate (tax abahlali RF) kulindeleke kumyinge we-9%, nangenxa non-abahlali FR - 15%.

Kokuhlawula irhafu alikho nje zabelo, kodwa umnikeli, ndaba njengophantsi komthetho iinkampani joint-isitokhwe zithathwa agents rhafu. Nokuba izabelo zithengwa ngokusebenzisa brokers, ukuhlawula irhafu sixhomekeke kuye, kuba le meko isebenza njenge-arhente werhafu.