Abasebenzi ekhaya ngaphambili. Abasebenzi Ekhaya phambi kwe kweMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, zabizwa kuphela nje udidi lwentlalo. Uluhlu ilungelo uwafake ngamaxesha akhalaze ngenxa yokunqongophala kwezibonelelo. Noko ke, umntu elusizi, phezu koko, kubonakala ukuba la madoda amakhulu amandulo kunye nabafazi esizifumana kurhulumente kakhulu kakhulu, kwaye ngenene zazhilis kweli hlabathi. Kodwa naphezu nabagxeki aba bantu abalupheleyo nangoku apha nathi, nangona inani labo ngokuthe ngcembe unciphisa ngonyaka ngamnye. Ngoobani bona, abasebenzi ngasemva?

amanye amagama

Olu didi umthetho Russian ngokucalula nokwahlula abantu, ngexesha Second World War (WWII) esebenza ngasemva ubuncinane kangangeenyanga ezintandathu, nto leyo waqinisekiswa amaxwebhu zabo. Inkcazo "abasebenzi ngaphambili ekhaya" ziyenziwa kuzo kuxoxwe abo bazukiswa ukulungiselela amakhondo omsebenzi abo kule minyaka kunye nemiyalelo kunye iimbasa ze-USSR - ezigcinayo ukusuka ekubeni ukubonisa ubunyani yomsebenzi ngayo nayiphi na enye indlela.

bit izibalo

Emfazweni nxamnye Fascism yaphela-70 kwiminyaka eyadlulayo. Lo mzobo efanayo uzimisele, kwaye umlinganiselo kweminyaka yokuphila eRashiya. Ngamanye amazwi, inkoliso yabo abaye weza ehlabathini ekupheleni kwemfazwe, akasekho. Bangaphi kubo ngasekhohlo, abo azalwe nje ngaphambili, kodwa iyakwazi ukwenza usebenze ngexesha lemfazwe, ukuze luqine, ukuze kungabikho nkalo angayiveleliyo ekuzameni, usindiso olukhulu?

Mhlawumbi alisekho ehlabathini kwabo bafazi zobugorha abaye emfazweni endaweni amadoda nokuhla kuqala, waya lelam okanye wazama ukuba balime ilizwe engumkhenkce aseSiberia, ngoko ukubhaka isonka nejoni ekulweni. Uninzi walishiya eli phakade, kwaye abo waphakamisa iingalo mveliso, abo badiniwe kunye nesiqingatha-bafune iintsuku zange ashiye umatshini ukunika umkhosi ngeengalo. Amaninzi phantsi kwenkcazo 'abasebenzi phambi ekhaya IMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic "sibhekisele kubantwana. Okanye kunoko, ngubani umntwana ngaloo minyaka eyoyikekayo, kodwa musa nje ukuphila ubomi bomntwana oqhelekileyo ngayo (kodwa ke akukwazekanga), waza wasebenza mveliso, iifama zikarhulumente, ezibhedlele uzama ukwenza igalelo uloyiso eqhelekileyo phezu yotshaba.

On awohluke yokufundisa

ESoviet Union, ingqalelo kakhulu yahlawulwa kwimfundo izwe kolutsha kule mizekelo yobuqhawe noontanga babo. umfundi ngamnye eSoviet ukuba into ekuthiwa, ebizwa Intlanganisela ubuncinane ezilishumi amagama abalinganiswa oovulindlela (uValya Kotik, Z Golikov uZine Portnova et al.) Yaye unike iinkcukacha feat yabo. Emva kokuwa yiSoviet Union iye yatshintsha kakhulu: iimbono iziganeko ngamnye, kunye neendlela zokufundisa, kwaye uninzi lwe Pioneer mbutho ayikho. Mhlawumbi, kwakufuneka ngokwenene uluvo oluthile ngokutsha.

Umzekelo, Pavlik Morozov - ngubani na, ukuba umlinganiswa ngokwenene na? Okanye imbuka nentsapho yakhe? Okanye inkwenkwe nje snotty, esisidenge, abanjiswe imidlalo enzima omdala?

Ukuze athi ubuntwana kuphela ngabandayo, abafundi kufuneka. Kubalulekile ukuba umxelele ukuba kukho abanye abantwana - abasebenzi phambi ekhaya, omnikelo kuloyiso eqhelekileyo phezu utshaba siwenze kunye nobudala babo ezincinane ngokwenene enkulu. Ukuba le sifundo imbali ayikho kakuhle ukufunda, kuba iya kuba inani elikhulu kuvela tulo nomsindo abaselula, ephatha kunye sazilahlekisa abadala. Baya kwandula ke kukhula abadala ingcikivo penny endala gqala amalungelo abo.

Hi ndlela leyi, malunga nenzuzo

Xa abahlali Soviet, Njengokungeniswa ukusebenza ngexesha lemfazwe ngasemva, wabizwa ngokwahlukileyo - amagqala (abo bathatha inxaxheba ngqo ekulweni, ebizwa Enkulu Patriotic nxaxheba War). Ekupheleni kuka-imi- 80 inani elipheleleyo nxaxheba kunye neenkonde iye yehla ngokomkhamo ukuba umahluko iinzuzo, wabeka udidi omnye okanye omnye, labuya "phandle". Ngowe-1985, amagqala emfazwe ziye zabekwa kunye luqalile babesakuba eyalwa ezinabantu. Njengoko kwakunye nxaxheba ngqo kule mpi kwiMfazwe yeHlabathi Okwesibini, abasebenzi phambi ekhaya banandiphe amalungelo athile kwaye kakhulu kakhulu. Uluhlu lwezi zibonelelo kunye nenkqubo lokulungiselela yabo efanayo kubo bonke republic eSoviet Union.

Kwaye ke yintoni?

Emva kokuwa yiSoviet Union, ngalunye ziiriphabliki yangaphambili ngokwalo laliqulunqwe sengqondo wayo amagqala, yena lithathe isigqibo malunga aba bantu bathembele amalungelo. Kunazo zonke waba amagqala emfazwe ezibe kummandla kumazwe eBaltic. Ukuba nje kuphela, ndayihluthwa zonke izibonelelo ezikhoyo - urhulumente omtsha igama amajoni Soviet bahlaseli, yaye ezinye zazo ejongene notshutshiso. Kuninzi yezinye republic ye ubuqhawe amagqala zange wakhanyela, kodwa umgangatho wabo wokuphila yehla kakhulu. Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso, ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kunye iirenti, iingxaki unyango - konke oku njengengxaki enkulu kwimpilo-ntle kunye namathuba wokwenene wabantu abadala.

Kwaye ku Russia?

In Russia kweempumelelo ezinkulu amajoni Soviet (abasebenzi ngasemva) nje kuphela uphikise, phezu koko, iminyaka ngeminyaka ngakumbi nangakumbi wagxininisa ukubaluleka ngezenzo zabo, uloyiso phezu Fascism ngokwayo lonke ixesha waphawula bonke yinzwakazi. Kodwa musa ukulibala khona ngenxa yale nyambalala amazwi amahle kunye wakubulisa umbhiyozo abo, enyanisweni, kufanele lo loyiso?

Abathathi-nxaxheba embalwa nangoku eziphilayo phambi yabasebenzi ndikhubeke mna. Nangona Inkcazelo esesikweni amagqala emfazwe kumthetho Russian igcinelwe onke abantu, atyhalela uloyiso, kodwa yaqaliswa ngo-2000 ingcamango "abasebenzi ngaphambili ekhaya" iinzuzo yokugqibela iingqameko kakhulu. Imke, ingakumbi, ukwanda kakhulu imali, kwakunye iingenelo ukhathalelo lwezonyango kunye nokuthengwa amayeza.

Akuyonyaniso ukuthi ukuba aba bantu musa nonakekelo Russia - babeka imali kunye nezinye iingenelo. Kodwa inxalenye enkulu inzuzo ayifumaneki kwi federal kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali lukamasipala, kunye izakhono zalo kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo zinokwahluka kakhulu. Ewe, kunye neentlawulo kumagqala azikho zinkulu kakhulu. umsebenzi abacimi kwakunzima ukuba ukuhlola imali eninzi kakhulu - eli lizwe akunakwenzeka njengezinqongopheleyo!

iinkumbulo

Ababhali-mbali kunye ethnographers rhoqo, kodwa ke khumbula ngayo aba bantu. Thetha nabo, cela ngobomi kumaxesha anzima, uze ukupapasha iinkumbulo zemfazwe. Yintoni othi abasebenzi ijoni phambi ekhaya?

Ngomhla ngaphandle Stalingrad umgca ukuzithethelela basebenza ezininzi ithathele yabasebenzi. I-nxaxheba elinye kubo, A. V.Osadchaya, ukhumbula indlela yena nabahlobo bakhe kwafuneka asebenze phantsi kweemeko ezinzima, ukuba basike emhlabeni engumkhenkce, izakhiwo izisele antitank. Kukugodola kunye namahlwempu bhuxe isondlo umzimba entsha, egcwele izilonda. Kwafuneka ukuba achithe ubusuku apho zodaka ayiniki themba, yaye kusasa emva emsebenzini, kuba azinayo eqela labasebenzi ngokwaneleyo. Enye nxaxheba, M. P. Uskova, waxelela indlela abasebenzi phambi ekhaya iimeko yokuvutha Stalingrad ebusika yahlanjwa igazi zezandla zakhe, ukumba emingxunyeni nokucima ikhephu ethubeleza yemizila kaloliwe.

iinkumbulo abanjalo kuviwa amawaka. Ukubaluleka oko nemikhuba aba bantu, njengoko akunakwenzeka ukuba bammise zonke iimvavanyo kunye nobukhulu, ezifunyanwa ngabo. E Samara ngo-1996, ilitye lesikhumbuzo wamiswa "Abasebenzi lolutsha lwe diff 1941-1945. Samara Nokubonga. " Esi sixeko, leyo ebudeni bemfazwe ngomnye engundoqo nabazalwana amazwe kakuhle yegalelo eyenziwe abantwana jikelele eqhelekileyo lokuwina embizeni.

isiphelo

Xa ntle ucinga kuphela abalupheleyo, nabo kokokunyanzelwa, kube Kuyadanisa kakhulu. yobudala Old - akukho ikhefu phambi kokufa kwakhe, kwaye isigaba engaphephekiyo yobomi, kwaye uphile kufuneka ibe ngokupheleleyo kwaye ngokwaneleyo. Abantu abadala baye benza kakhulu ukwenzela ukuchuma yoluntu, zifanele ukubabusela ezininzi isizukulwana esitsha, kwaye ityala abantu ezisemgangathweni ukuzama ukunika.

Enye indlela ebalulekileyo ngazo nokugweba kurhulumente - nokuba oko kulungileyo abadala. Ngelishwa, akukho eRashiya okanye nayiphi na nabamelwane balo - isithuba post-eSoviet eli lizwe - ayikwazi ndoqhayisa ngokhathalelo olukhethekileyo isizukulwana abadala. Njengoko sibona, okhohlisayo kakhulu kwaye olu didi umhlala - abasebenzi ngasemva. Kwaye ngokunxulumene kubo ukuba ongenandaba namdla nje mthetho.