Iklasi Special zokulungisa. iiklasi olungiso kwizikolo

Ngokuba nabo bantwana bakufumanisa kunzima ukufunda ngenxa yeengxaki zempilo ezikhoyo, kukho amaziko emfundo ezizodwa kuvulwa okanye iiklasi olungiso esikolweni rhoqo. Apha ungenza ukurekhoda umntwana okhubazekileyo okanye sokukhula libaziseko. Eyona njongo ephambili ngamaziko afana kunye neeklasi axhomekeke kukhubazeko ekuhlaleni abafundi kunye nomanyano eluntwini.

Ukuba kungekudala umntwana esikolweni ...

Inyaniso yokuba umntwana wabo libe lisalele ngasemva nontanga kuphuhliso, abazali abanenyameko uqonde minyaka yokuqala yobomi bakhe. Ingakumbi kuba kuyacaca ukuya kwiminyaka emithandathu. Umntwana libe lisalele ngasemva kuphuhliso, iye intetho olihlwempu kwinqanaba elisezantsi ngobuchule yengqondo. Ngamanye amaxesha ezi abantwana musani ukuba ndiyakwazi ukubamba njani ipensile. Hayi kuphela ootitshala kodwa abazali kuyacaca ukuba loo mntwana kufuneka baye kwiklasi undonakele. Oku kuya kuvumela ukuba ziziqhelanise kubomi bentlalo kunye moya ebonakalayo.

Ziphi izifundo ezizodwa?

Inkqubo yokufunda kwabantwana kunye ukubambezeleka okhoyo kuphuhliso uyondelelanise naliphi na iziko lemfundo. Kuba abo bangazazanga remedial eklasini esikolweni, kuyimfuneko ukuba acacise ukuba amatakane ephuma kwamaqela ezizodwa amaziko pre-school kuyo. Akungenwa kunokwenzeka kuphela ngemvume yabazali, xa isicelo sabo esibhaliweyo.

iklasi zolungiso lidla kuvulwa kwi isanda kwekharityhulam. Ngaphezu koko, lisaqhubeka ukusebenza de imfundo yamabanga asezantsi. Ukusebenza abantwana kumaziko karhulumente baqeqeshwe ngokukodwa ootitshala. Ukongeza, isikolo kufuneka uncwadi yenzululwazi kunye lwemethodoloji, kwakunye iklasi indlela isiseko resource kuzo. Konke oku kuya kunceda ekulungelelaniseni kwinkqubo yokufunda, kwakunye nokubonelela unyango kunye nenkxaso othintelo ukuba aba bantwana ezizodwa.

iiklasi olungiso kwizikolo avulwa ngokohlobo luka yomlawuli. Kulo mzekelo, kufuneka kungabi ekupheleni thethwano engqondweni, unyango kunye zokufundisa esikolweni umntwana ngasinye, kwakunye ngokwasengqondweni, unyango kunye zokufundisa zezithili ikhomishini.

Abathatha eklasini olungiso?

uqeqesho olulodwa esikolweni aphakamileyo abantwana abafumana ubunzima ekufumaneni ulwazi, kwakunye kakuhle bhetyebhetye kweli qela. Ngokuqhelekileyo, aba bafundi baye nezitenxo abanomoya ebuchotsheni, inkqubo luvo, kwakunye ongekenziwa uhlobo ngokweemvakalelo volitional.

Udidi zokulungisa sivulelekile ukuba kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo, musa ukuthatha abantwana abakhubazeke kakhulu zophuhliso. Ezi ziquka:

- ephule kweefom ukuva, umbono, iimoto kunye nentetho;
- ukukhubazeka engqondweni;
- libizwe ephula unxibelelwano nemibutho, ukuba ifomu autism yokuqala.

Iguqulwe eklasini eqhelekileyo

Abantwana ababhalise inkqubo ekhethekileyo, babe nethuba lokufumana ulwazi kunye noontanga babo. Ukuba atshintshele iklasi rhoqo umntwana kufuneka abe Dynamics ezintle yophuhliso. Ukongeza, kufuneka aqulunqe ngempumelelo inkqubo ekhethekileyo. Olu tshintsho kungenzeka xa kusenziwa izigqibo ezifanelekileyo thethwano ngokwasengqondweni, unyango kunye zokufundisa kunye nemvume zomfundi.

umsebenzi abanye

Kuba umsebenzi abafundi uthathwa ukuba iiklasi afanelekileyo okulungisa, kwishifti yokuqala. Noko ke, yemihla ngemihla umiselwe isekelwe nokukhubazeka encinane nokudinwa.

Kuba kids ezivela 1 ukuya kwibakala 3 yoluleko, iiholide ezingaphezulu yaziswa. Aba bantwana azikhutshwa ziye ekuphumleni ngoFebruwari iintsuku ezisixhenxe.

Kwizazi ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile

iiklasi olungiso kwizikolo bahlale abafundi abasixhenxe ukuya elinesine. Kukho inani elikhulu labafundi kufuneka zabelwe umlinganiselo omnye utitshala. Kwimeko enjalo uzakhela iklasi ezongezelelweyo loluleko. A Inani elincinane labantwana likuvumela ukuba ukunika ingqalelo ubuninzi ngamnye kubo.

Icala positive kule klasi kukuba lo msebenzi kunye bafundi ukuba kuqhutywa ootitshala rhoqo nootitshala sezifo. Le elithile baqeqeshwa kwiiyunivesithi. Ootitshala, pathologists intetho zibizwa ukuba basebenze abantwana iSifo zonyango nzima. Aba titshala ukuze ufumane iqhosha ukuze oonyana zinzima.

Nabafundi baye kwiiklasi olungiso ezikolweni, iingcali zononophelo lwempilo yokuthetha ababandakanyekayo. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, loo uqeqesho oluqhutywa ngabanye. Abantwana abafunda kwiklasi remedial, iisayikholojisti kusebenza. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, ezi ngcali abazali.

ngokuba kwenkqubo yoluleko ithatha ingqalelo into yokuba abantwana ezizodwa benza ngayo. Oku kuquka imisebenzi kakhulu elula kunye nemisebenzi. Oku kuvumela umntwana ukuya phezulu leri ukufunda ngokuthe ngcembe, amanyathelo ezincinane. Ngamanye amazwi, le nkqubo eyodwa kugcina isantya kunye nophuhliso oluzinzileyo zomfundi.

Bendlela imfundo izimilo

Enye yeengxaki engundoqo ukuhlanganiswa kwiklasi elikhethekileyo abantwana angafani, zixilonga zonyango ezahlukeneyo ngengqondo kunye neengxaki zengqondo. Inkqubo jikelele kubo bonke ayikho. Amaxesha amaninzi aba bantwana usesemva ngasemva sinentloko enye italente phezu kwezinye. Ngokomzekelo, kusenokwenzeka ukuba umntwana ngokuvisisana kwimathematika, kodwa ukupeyinta ngathi opeyintayo lenene, ubhale egwenxa, kodwa kufuneka ukukwazi ukufunda iilwimi zasemzini (leyo, ngelishwa, enganikwanga kwinkqubo ezizodwa).

Udidi remedial kaninzi wathumela abantwana abavela kwiintsapho abasokolayo ekuhlaleni. abantwana abanjalo, anqunyulwe ukulondolozwa ngabazali, ekuqaleni ngokwenene barhuqe emva kuphuhliso. Nangona kunjalo, kunye noqeqesho esekelwe bakhawuleza ukubamba up. Ngenxa yezi bantwana abasempilweni uthole nesithukuthezi ngu kwikharityhulam kaloliwe kade.

iiklasi ukulungisa ukushiyana

uqeqesho olulodwa zohlulwa ngokwendidi ezisibhozo. Ukuze imfundo ukuba babakhokele ukwenzela abantwana ngokuvisisana iSifo zonyango. Ezi ndidi zilandelayo kwiiklasi zokulungisa:

- I - kuba ongeva kakuhle kwaye abantwana abazizithulu;
- II - for abangevayo;
- III ne IV - kuba iimfama kunye abangaboniyo;
- V - kuba abanawo kunye nabantwana kunye nokuphazamiseka intetho;
- VI - lwabafundi uphuhliso engqondweni nasemzimbeni;
- VII - kubantwana zigule ADHD;
- VIII - kuba Ugula ngengqondo.

Iiklasi Special I kunye nohlobo II

Bona vula kuba imfundo noqeqesho abantwana nabangeva kakuhle. Ezi klasi ezikhethekileyo zokulungisa ziyilelwe ukwenza intetho yomlomo abafundi ngenxa yokuva mbono, ukuze kubuyekezelwe baze balungise nokuphambuka kunokwenzeka kuphuhliso engqondweni nasemzimbeni. Ootitshala sijolise ukulungiselela aba bantwana zokuphila ezizimeleyo. Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwiiklasi remedial data? Inkqubo Working of inkqubo yemfundo eyenzelwe ngokukodwa abantwana abazizithulu. Bahlale kule klasi - up kubantu ezilishumi.

izifundo ezizodwa III, IV le fomu

Zidalwa uqeqesho, imfundo, nokulungiswa ezingaqhelekanga ebantwaneni abangaboniyo ekhoyo. Kule ntlobo kwiiklasi zokulungisa zikwazi ukuthathwa abantwana kunye strabismus, amblyopia.

Umsebenzi ophambili yootitshala kukukhulisa abafundi iinkqubo zembuyekezo. Ukuze wenze oku, oko ezingenziwa kuphela iqela, kodwa izifundo zabucala ukwenzela uphuhliso olungaphaya selungu lokuva kunye uluvo olubonakalayo intetho nithethe ngalo orientation zentlalo-nkonzo, unyango ngokwasemzimbeni, isingqisho. Olu qeqesho kwezi klasi ezizodwa abantwana izakhono.

Kuba uphuhliso lwekharityhulam ukuba abafundi abangaboniyo inikwa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo kunye tiflopribory. Xa intliziyo emfundo aba bantwana yinkqubo Braille. Utitshala usebenzisa iimathiriyeli zokufundisa non-esezantsi, kwakunye njengendlela ingcaciso ethile. Konke oku kuvumela prepodnosimye eziliqela ukwandisa ukufumaneka kolwazi.

kwiiklasi olulodwa zohlobo V

Zidalwa kunye nenjongo yemfundo noqeqesho yabantwana kunye ezinzulu ngezifo intetho. Ngokuhambelana, banikwe uncedo oluyimfuneko ukuphelisa izifo ezikhoyo kunye neempawu enxulumene kuphuhliso engqondweni. Ukuba iziphumo ezincumisayo ekukhuleni komntwana, oko kutshintshelwa ukuba iklasi rhoqo. Nangona kunjalo, oku kuya kufuneka ukuba ufumane kokugqitywa uthumo engqondweni, unyango kunye zokufundisa.

Zokulungisa uhlobo class 5 ibandakanya ekufumaneni imfundo yamabanga iminyaka 4-5. Regulations for the imfundo esisiseko jikelele iminyaka emithandathu.

Okokuqala, lokuqala uqeqesho, ubonelela kukulungiswa iziphene ezahlukeneyo intetho. Ezi ziquka ukutyeshelwa rate intetho, pronunciation isandi kunye nokuva yezandi, kwakunye enxulumene nezi ezimbi ukutenxa kuphuhliso engqondweni yomntwana. Abafundi bafundiswa izakhono intetho eqhelekileyo kwincoko, iingxelo ubhaliso oluchanekileyo zegrama ukwandisa unikezelo isigama sabo.

Xa Inqanaba lesibini imfundo yabantwana uphuhliso lwezakhono zokubhala ophezulu-grade kunye ngomlomo lolwazi, nto leyo evumela ukuba bazibandakanye kwamandla eluntwini. iklasi 5 iintlobo zabantu 12 kuhlale eliphezulu. Ukulungiswa zokuphula ezikhoyo wenza nje kuphela eklasini kodwa xa iziganeko ezahlukeneyo.

Iiklasi Special ifomu VI

Babefundisa abantwana ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo weentshukumo. Kule abalulekile imisebenzi yodederhu ulungiso kwiindawo yokuthetha, yokuqonda kunye neyezihlunu ngayo abafundi. Injongo yale qeqesho kwakhona i lithathelwe kwezentlalo nokuxelenga abantwana ubomi yoluntu. Ubuninzi inani labantu, ekufuneka bajongane notitshala, kufuneka ingadluli ezilishumi.

kwiiklasi olulodwa zohlobo VII

Injongo lokuqeqesha kunye kolibaziseko kuphuhliso engqondweni abantwana. Iimpawu eziphambili kwesi sifo zibonakaliswa ngobuthakathaka ingqalelo kunye nenkumbulo, kwakunye nokungabikho ukushukumiseka nesantya.

Xa utyelela iiklasi ezinjalo ebantwaneni ezinikezelwa yi-kuqheleke nemvakalelo volitional nangokwasengqondweni. Thina abafundi akhiwa nezakhono eziyimfuneko ukuze inkqubo yemfundo, kwakunye nomsebenzi kwengqondo iyasebenza. Wokuhlala lesi sigaba bantu 12. Kulo mzekelo, abantwana wasinika ukhathalelo unyango kwintetho.

kwiiklasi olulodwa zohlobo VIII

Zidalwa ngenjongo yokufunda, ukukhubazeka engqondweni, ukuze kupheliswe umahluko kuphuhliso kwabantwana. kwiiklasi remedial 8 yefomu ezisetyenziselwa kwimo yentlalo nangokwasengqondweni umntwana. Oku kuya kuvumela oko kwixesha elizayo indlela yokuhlanganisa ebelapha eluntwini. kuhlale Ubuninzi kule klasi - 8.

Igcina le uqeqesho isiqinisekiso yabasebenzi. Olu viwo ibandakanya imibuzo Iimathiriyeli iimveliso zobuchwepheshe iimveliso.