Tibetan ukuzimela Xizang okanye njengoko kubhaliwe ngokuba Chinese, yeyona ndawo yesithathu esikhulu PRC. Ikomkhulu kwimbali ye Tibet - Lhasa. Ukuzimela liphezulu ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle on the Tibetan Plateau, enkulu kunazo zonke yaye liphezulu ehlabathini. Ngenxa yoko wasungula imilambo enkulu India neChina - Indus, Brahmaputra, Salween, Mekong, iteksti, i Yellow River. Specific, okungaqhelekanga yaye kungakholeleki Tibet - indawo apho abahambi afike imo ye ngokomoya. Kuyinto othandwayo, enomtsalane, akunakwenzeka ukuba ukulibala.
ilizwe elilodwa
ethandwa Travel Tibet isekelwe phezu kwimbali yamandulo yayo, inkolo - bengazi ulwazi olusisiseko malunga nale karhulumente, akunakwenzeka ukuba ukuphelisa kunandipha ubuhle bendalo bayo bokwakha. Zonke wadalwa amagunya eyenziwe kwaye ephakamileyo unika lizwe charm yayo.
Ngaphezulu okanye oluchanileyo ngaphantsi data bubonisa kokuvela ngurhulumente kuqala kwi Tibetan Yarlung River valley (kungoko ke igama ubukhosi uyabusa - Yarlung) kwi AD ngenkulungwane III. Sele ukususela ngenkulungwane VII, imbali Tibet ibongoza amagama athile, amanani, iinkcukacha. Ukususela ngelo xesha ukuya namhlanje walondoloza ngamaqhekeza original ifakiwe uyilo nezigodlo odumileyo. Ixesha nemfazwe zange nanceba ukwakhiwa ekhethekileyo banenkcubeko eyahluke mpela. Kodwa wambuyisela, bona esifubeni abakhenkethi, balundwendwe emhla evela ehlabathini lonke. Le oluxandileyo, ene kwaye liyazingca kwekomkhulu Tibet, ephantsi ukhuselo UNESCO. Le ukuziqambela lwenkcubeko Tibetan nokholo kuchazwa nje kuphela ukufikelela nzima kwaye ivalwe kulo ihlabathi ngaphandle, kodwa imeko sendawo - imida Tibet on ilizwe unspoilt afana ne-Indiya, Nepal kunye neTshayina. Ngokwembali, ukuba bekuwiswe elide phantsi impembelelo Mongolia.
inkosi Tibetan Great
Wonke lizwe lonke ixesha sisekho wayo ube yinkokeli eyomeleleyo, ubuntu eliqaqambileyo. State ebudeni bolawulo lwakhe unamathupha na, zandiswa, yaba ebhudla kule ngingqi. Kwinkulungwane VII BC e Tibet wabonakala umlawuli osisilumko Songtsen Gampo (iminyaka 604-650). Wahlanganisa phantsi kolawulo iphondo lakhe ekwanti. abafazi bakhe bobabini, Kananjalo amakhosikazi yaseTshayina Nepalese, bamsa kwelo lizwe, kunye eqingqiweyo ze Buddha, babelinikiwe njengekhazi ngokwayo ubuBhuda. Ukuxabana nabamelwane, ikhaya ixesha ingasekho. Phantsi yempembelelo abafazi babo - umfazi Chinese Wencheng kunye Nepalese Bhrikuti zaguqulwa kamva kwi Green and White Tara, uthixokazi engundoqo obuBhuda, ikomkhulu eTibet kaThixo waya Lhasa (Tibetan - "ehlala oothixo" okanye "indawo kaThixo"), nto leyo wajika kummandla libe umbuso Buddhism. imifanekiso emibini ngumlawuli Lhasa kwakhiwa iitempile ezimbini - i Jokhang kunye Ramoche. Ngokuphindaphindiweyo lingatshitshi, lukhona ngoku yaye bamele ngenkulungwane VII. Ukongeza, wanyula Red Mountain, Songtsen Gampo wakha phezu kwaso enamagumbi amane anesithoba 999 ibhotwe, nto leyo iye yasinda umqolomba, apho umlawuli ukuba sicamngce ngo yedwa. Le umhlambi abakhenkethi abafuna ukuziva ubulumko abakubudala wonwabele uloyiso lomoya.
zokulwa iinkonzo
Ngoko ke kumi Potala kaHomer. Ezi zakhiwo ezintathu bayinxalenye oluxandileyo, ephantsi kogcino UNESCO. Elikomkhulu Tibet, Lhasa eminye iminyaka 250 emva kokufa Songtsen Gampo yaba uligwiba Yarlung ubukhosi. Kodwa ayikho lidumile apha kuphela phakathi iyaxela encinane yeengcungcu, lo gama uninzi lwe eTibet belilinye Bon kukholo wooyise. umahluko zonqulo waye sizathu siphambili ekuweni karhulumente esembindini Tibetan. Noko ke, ubuBhuda, phezu koko, waqalisa ukuthandwa, ukufumana imisebenzi emitsha eyahlukileyo. EYurophu le mfundiso ngokuqinileyo phantsi igama Lamaism, emele interweaving-bulumko dha nokukholwa magic twisiseni. Bayibiza nkqu ifomu Tibetan-Mongolian ka Mahayana, isebe esemantla ubuBhuda, okanye ifomu yalo kamva.
Livela kula masimu Buddhism
Lamaism njengokuba ifomu karhulumente le yi ilizwe yobufundisi, ukhokelwe umbingeleli, obizwa apha ngokuba UDalai Lama. ikomkhulu Tibet ngayo kwinkulungwane XIII - wongqameko Lamaism, leyo wangena kwiingingqi ezahlukeneyo Mongolia, Nepal, India ne-China.
ObuBhuda Tibet zithanda kusetyenziswa kakhulu ukwakhiwa yoonongendi zonqulo, ngowokuqala kubo Samye. Yakhiwa 770 ngeenzame trisong detsen, 38 uKumkani Tibet. Emva koko, lo ke ikomkhulu Tibet ezilahlekileyo ixabiso yesixeko engundoqo karhulumente. Nanamhlanje, le ndawo yenye iingongoma eziphambili kunye nendlela yabakhenkethi ethandwayo.
Ukuvuselelwa emva kokuba Mongol ukuhlaselwa
Kwinkulungwane XI ilizwe baqalisa ukuvuselela, kodwa abaqhekezi endaweni yayo 1239 i Mongols bayonakalisa uninzi nezigodlo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, kwaye boyisa azinza apha, esamkelwa Buddhism. Kwaye xa 1350 seal Jangchub Gyaltsen (umfundi yokuqala yesikolo Sakya) baqalisa kwakhona kubo, wayesiza kuye. Xa XIV kade - XV kweye e Tibet uqalisa ukuthandwa nokwandisa nempembelelo zaso zesikolo Gelugpa (oyinyaniso). It wakha yoonongendi ka Ganden, Drepung kunye Sera abe ziindawo yokuba lundwendwe. Isixeko samandulo Lhasa, elikomkhulu eTibet Highland, uba embindini unqulo entsha lokuqulunqa luhlaza of leyo kakhulu kunene Wenza V UDalai Lama, Ngawang Lobsang igama ukuba Gyatso, Omkhulu (1617-1682 gg.). Xa igama elithi "mkhulu", ungenza unokuyithelekelela indlela anenzele Tibet. Kwisayithi kutshiswa phantsi ngenxa ngumbane wabetha kwibhotwe Red Mountain, waqala ukwakha iperile lwezakhiwo emhlabeni - Potala Palace, nto leyo ifanele ukuba isicwangciso, yaye yokuhlala iillama kunye yokungcwaba kwindawo yazo. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, eli bhotwe lwentando Tibet, uphawu wayo.
edume Palace
Potala - entabeni eMzantsi India. Ngokutsho legend dha ohlala kuyo Avalokiteshvara (Chenrezig), endaphuma kuyo abantu yonke Tibetan. UDalai Lama - le incarnation basemhlabeni Bodhisattva. Kakade ke, lo Potala Palace kwathiwa, kwaye yaba isihlalo umlawuli yonqulo Tibet de-1950, xa imikhosi Chinese ahlala Tibet kunye XIV UDalai Lama wanyanzelwa ekuthinjweni India. zokuhlala ezintsha waqala ukwakha ngexesha kolawulo UDalai Lama V, ngo-1645, kwisiza apho yayakhiwe woxande olude ezinemigangatho-9 Songtsen Gampo. Ukususela ngelo xesha ebhotwe liyalondolozwa kuphela emqolombeni edume ka Fa-Wan, apho yena, 33 Great uKumkani Tibet, ukufunda iitekisi engcwele. Isakhiwo unique encotsheni yentaba bafana ulwandiso yakhe, yade yaba esibhakabhakeni. Ngoku-ithoni ezimbini yinzwana athathiweyo phantsi yokhuseleko (ulikhaya iimonki ezimbalwa) kwaye ilitye lesikhumbuzo zembali yokwakha ukuba ukhonza becala ukutsala abakhenkethi Tibet. Lhasa, ivulelekile kuluntu kuphela ngowe-1980, ngoku kukho indawo yokhenketho ethandwayo.
China wenza yonke into ukwandisa ukuhamba abakhenkethi
China Tourism likubona kubaluleke kakhulu. Inkululeko Tibetan unique, nekomkhulu lalo Lhasa - cebo uba esise kubakhenkethi. Kakade ke, ivulelekile kuluntu kutshanje kuphela, eTibet kukade icangcisiwe senkolo kakhulu non-wonke. Akukho sibonelelo enamandla eyenzelwe uthotho iindwendwe, ezifana, ngokomzekelo, e-Switzerland - iiholide iziko mdala zehlabathi. Kodwa ukuba abuyise ixesha elilahlekileyo ngokukhawuleza. Sele Lhasa, ikomkhulu embalini yase Tibet, iye izakhiwo kwabakhenkethi ehambisana imigangatho best ihlabathi. Kukho ezikumgangatho ophezulu aphambili ezintlanu-eziliqela, ukutyeba 296 namhlanje ezikhoyo ikomkhulu Tibet. Lo Shangri-La, oziimitha ezili-700 kuphela kude kwibhotwe Norbulingka kunye Tibet Museum. Oku kulandelwa ehle engaqhelekanga St. Regis Lhasa Resort. Not obuphantsi kwabo Shambhala Palace kunye Tashitakge Hotel.
A uhambo oluya Tibet ifumaneka abaninzi
Kodwa lo "intle kakhulu" izakhiwo ehotele, ibekwe kanye ndisembindini wesixeko, ngaphakathi ukuhamba umgama zonke iindawo eziphambili Lhasa. yonke Inkqubo yokhenketho Tibet yakhelwe zochuku. Kukho iihotele ngamaxabiso afikelelekayo kakhulu, kwakunye nenkqubo bhetyebhetye lweenzuzo, ezifana iivawutsha isidlo, izaphulelo ukubhukisha ukucinywa kwi amatikiti moya ngaphezulu. Inani elikhulu yohlaziyo kufuneka amanqaku aphezulu kakhulu kunye nohlaziyo elungileyo. Ngoku Lhasa kunye negama - 'iihotele isixeko ". Kodwa ezinika unique kwesi sixeko. Ezi ziquka i Potala Palace kunye Jokhang Temple Street Berkhor nezigodlo ka Drepung, Sera, Ganden, kunye Trugo loonongendi Tsanggu. Uluhlu ezinomtsalane engundoqo iya kuba ingagqitywanga ngaphandle ahlala Pabongka kunye kumangcwaba ookumkani okuqala Tibetan.