Imago - ntoni na? LwaBadala (esichazayo) ibakala uphuhliso ngamnye izinambuzane kunye nezinye arthropods

Izinambuzane ubomi baba uhlengahlengiso enzulu izakhiwo zangaphandle angaphakathi omzimba. Ngamanye amazwi, le olukhulu ezendeleyo zonke izilwanyana. Yiloo nje kuthatha indawo iimpawu ezikhethekileyo kunye ezithile kakhulu. uphuhliso Post-osandul le sinambuzane passes, ngokuqhelekileyo izigaba ezithathu ezilandelelanayo: iqanda, umbungu, imago. Kwiintlobo ezininzi, kukho linyathelo olongezelelweyo: triungulin, nguphunguphungu njalo njalo.

Kuxhomekeke ukuba zingaphi abapasileyo yezinambuzane izigaba zophuhliso, oko eyabelwe enye amaqela amabini ezinkulu: a uguqulelo buso okanye epheleleyo. Ngenxa yoko, inkqubo ayaguquka kufuneka ithathwe ngomnye iikhrayitheriya ezingundoqo ngokuhlelwa.

Ukususela nqaku, uza kufunda iimpawu ebalulekileyo amanqanaba uphuhliso izinambuzane kunye olukhulu kakhulu kwaye azigqibeleli, kunye hypermetamorphosis.

Imago - ntoni na?

Igama elithi "imago" livela kwisiLatini kwaye ngokoqobo eliguqulelwa ngokuthi 'endleleni ". Xa zezilwanyana lo gama lithetha abadala (final) inqanaba lophuhliso yezilwanyana kunye kumjikelo ubomi (ezinye izinambuzane kunye arthropods). Isigaba lugqityiwe. Xa isilwanyana yayo Ukufika unesakhono ukuzala yaye, njengoko umthetho, ukuba nokuhlaliswa. Imago ayikho phantsi molt. Kulo nyathelo, ukukhula izinambuzane kunye arthropods ziyakupheliswa.

Ngokuxhomekeke uhlobo ayaguquka nto luphawu lokuba uhlobo nganye, iqonga imago kungaqala ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.

Development kunye olukhulu ayiphelelanga

Kuba ukuguqulwa uphawu engaphelelanga yamathathu izigaba zophuhliso zinambuzane: iqanda, umbungu kunye abadala. Eyona uphawu olu hlobo ayaguquka na Ukufana imbonakalo nabantu abadala imibungu, efana yokugqibela, baye mouthparts, amehlo ezimbaxa evakaliswe ngamaphiko sekukubi. Ngaphezu koko, abantu basoloko yokuphila efanayo. Imibungu ezinambuzaneni kunye olukhulu ayiphelelanga kuthiwa Oophunguphungu.

Olu hlobo ayaguquka kwenzeka e Orthoptera, Tarakanov, damselflies.

Uphuhliso olukhulu kakhulu

Xa ukuguqulwa ngokupheleleyo izinambuzane kunye arthropods zivela zigaba-4 ukuya kwezi-5 yophuhliso: iqanda, umbungu, nguphunguphungu kunye abadala. Ngamanye amaxesha kuyenzeka ukuba ukumisela ibakala prepupal. Impethu kulo mzekelo izicathulo abadala phantse ayibonakali ngathi ukuqonda oku, oko lwanele ukukhumbula ezadla. Kuyinto inazo isakhiwo entsonkothileyo iliso kunye niguqukele kwiziqalelo zangaphandle amaphiko kwaye idla uhlobo olwahlukileyo mouthparts.

Xa Umbungu lokwenyaniso lizalisa ukukhula kwayo, ime amandla singahambi kwaye iba nguphunguphungu. Emva koko izivingco ukusuka imago. ezidla ntiyiso ngokuqhelekileyo yahlulwe ngokwamaqela amathathu: (. amabhungane emhlabeni, amabhungane yokuntywila kunye nabanye) gusenitseobraznye, vermiform (ooqongqothwane, Diptera, njl) kampodeovidnye.

Olu hlobo ayaguquka na uphawu zonke lepidoptera (amabhabhathane), Coleoptera, Diptera.

Development kunye hypermetamorphosis

Eyona ndlela inzima yophuhliso izinambuzane yi hypermetamorphosis. Kuyinto uphawu ezinye zabonwa (yefoni-kwipali beetle, Meloidae, njalo-njalo), Lacewing, iimpukane ndii, kunye nenani Hymenoptera.

Xa isigaba hypermetamorphosis mibungu lophuhliso kwezinambuzane kwenzeka ngokwamanqanaba eziliqela. Isakhiwo kunye nendlela wobomi imibungu abakubudala ezahlukeneyo kukho umahluko eyomeleleyo. Inxaxheba kwinqanaba lokuqala, abadli, kodwa ukuhamba inxaxheba anisekele. Umbungu sokukhula ngokuqhelekileyo uhlala yokuhlala ethile. Ayiyi kuphela wondla, kodwa ikhula. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba afudukele ukusuka kwesinye isimo ukuya kwesinye esebenzayo, kufuna utshintsho ephilayo. Kule meko, yile mibala uba ezisisigxina, kwaye ime amandla. A ekuthiwa "lozhnokukolka". Kamva, njengoko, umzekelo, amabhungane evela usapho Meloidae, oko iguqulelwa unodoli kokwenene, sibangelwa imagos beetle.

Iimpawu ze isakhiwo imago

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, isigaba sokugqibela nophuhliso izinambuzane kunye nezinye arthropods nguye imago. Yintoni na lula ukuqonda ngokubhekisa kulwimi lokuqala. eli gama iguqulelwe kwezinye imithombo njengoko "ubuso lokwenyaniso" yaye eneneni kunjalo. Kubo bonke ubomi bakhe, wahlala zilolo hlobo zazilulo ngeli nqanaba abadala, baye bayeka inkqubo yophuhliso. Kuhluma angekhoyo iintlobo ezininzi. Kodwa yonke kubusa ngaphandle. Ngenxa yoko, iiyunithi ephantsi (thysanura, springtails et al.), Nokuba kwi Ulobuza isigaba abadala hlale seta kwakhona.

Umahluko omkhulu ukusuka izinambuzane abadala ezisencinci zezi zilandelayo. Bona kuphuhliswa amaphiko kunye esini, ajike luqulathe inani eliqingqiweyo ziqwempu ezikhandelwa a mouthparts ethile uhlobo (ezahlukeneyo badla kuleyo imibungu). Imago kakhulu yehliswe kokusingqongileyo, yaye oku kuboniswa indlela olwenziwayo kunye neempawu ezininzi noshowo: iimpawu isixokelelwano sokuphefumla, imilo umzimba, uphuhliso izivamvo, iindlela ukhuseleko olongezelelweyo, njl ..

Kuba uninzi arthropods, izinambuzane lo isigaba - lo kwincopho yophuhliso. Ngaphandle ke amakhalane nje ezimbalwa. Nayo yonke into yenzeka kanye okwahlukileyo. iintlobo olwaye lwamfimfitha uthutha ngaphakathi umzimba uvuleke nezihlunu host balahlekelwe iimpawu zazo morphological uphawu abadala. Le nkqubo ibizwa ngokuba dezimaginizatsiya.

ezinxulumene-Age umbala

Vyluplyayas evela nguphunguphungu yaye ngaloo ndlela abaphumelela molt lokugqibela kwinqanaba mibungu, esi sinambuzane ishiya iqokobhe lakhe. Amaxesha amaninzi umbala original esingaphantsi ithoni (ongekho mhlophe kunye paler). Ngexesha elithile (ngokwexesha kwiiyure ezimbalwa kwiiveki ukuya 2-3) kweziyobisi isakhi ababeyiqwebile oxidized ngokuqhagamshelana ne emoyeni esesibhakabhakeni, apho Ulobuza mnyama.

ngeentlobo ezithile, umzekelo, kungonakalisi nundu imago (order lepidoptera) livela ngeentyatyambo 'abo' ezimile.

Ukutshintsha umbala inokuba ngenxa utshintsho ezithile apha emzimbeni. Ngenxa yoko, inkumbi entlango ekuqaleni abe umbala omthubi noluhlaza. Ngexesha zikhwelwe kukho sokuzuza kumzimba enzyme ngesondo kwaye ngenxa yoko ndazifumanela izingxobo ithinti ezipinki (ingasentla).

Le ngangomolulo imago yobomi

Ixesha inyathelo yophuhliso esichazayo kungohluka kuxhomekeka iintlobo. Eyona imfutshane ubomi bagworm moth amabhabhathane yentsapho, engakwazi imizuzu nje embalwa. abadala Species Inqanaba ngubani othatha kungekho ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezingama 2-3 (kubandakanywa mayflies, Chironomidae) akuthethi ukuba kunciphise ukutya kunye mouthparts.

Isibindi ingabizwa izinambuzane zentlalo ezifana ziimbovane neentubi. wesibeleko wabo Queen aphile iminyaka engama-20 nama-50 ngokulandelelanayo. Jonga zikhetha Magicicada septendecim luphawulwa umjikelo wobomi ngonyaka-17, nto leyo nayo bekuthi ngemilinganiselo zizinambuzane.

Oku kwenzeka amatyala ngamazwi ngokwendalo kwaye kakhulu. Umzekelo, kakuhle ngabo bonke njengexhama beetle (ingasentla) zikwinqanaba abadala uchitha iiveki ezimbalwa kuphela uze ufe, ngoxa Umbungu lives ukuya kwiminyaka emihlanu.

Lidla yokuhlala, yaye ekuhlala kombungu kunye abadala zohlobo olufanayo zahluke kwi niche eziphilayo. Ngokomzekelo, kwiingcongconi. Le Umbungu unalo ukutya okufana utshaba (kwizidalwa, iintsholongwane) kunye ubomi emanzini. Imago - izinambuzane ezibhabhayo. Iimazi zitya igazi lezilwanyana ezinomqolo, kunye namadoda - ijusi netuwa kwezityalo.

Eyona umsebenzi lo imago isigaba

Ngenxa yoko, isigaba sokugqibela ubomi zezinambuzane linqanam abadala, yintoni na, ukuba sele oyifundileyo ngasentla. Qonda kakuhle eli ukuzimisela ukufunda iimpawu eziphambili isakhiwo, kulula ukuthelekelela ukuba umsebenzi iphambili kweli nqanaba. Xa ebudaleni ngokupheleleyo zonke izinto nande, enze inani iintlobo. Ukuba inani izinambuzane iqanda-ngokubekwa phakathi ababhinqileyo likhulu kune nani engamadoda, ukuba otyebileyo. Umzekelo, inyosi ukumkanikazi nako ukuyi- yexesha ukuya amaqanda 1500.

nqanaba abadala kubalulekile ngokwemiqathango kweentlobo zokuhlala. Le nkqubo ibe lula phambi kwesi abadala aphuhliswe amaphiko omzimba.

Kungalo phezu jikelele ukubaluleka zebhayoloji kwisigaba imaginal, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba imago - yinto uhlobo ibonakalisa iinkqubo yendaleko enxulumene nophuhliso arthropods ezisentlabathini nokomelezwa agcina kwi yayigcinwa ahlala eziphilayo.