Imfazwe kwinoveli "Imfazwe Noxolo" Lva Nikolaevicha Tolstogo. Umfanekiso imfazwe inoveli "War Noxolo"

Kwihlabathi ukususela ngexesha kaHomer, kwaye musa ukuba indalo zoncwadi ukuba onjalo lula esibanzi Ndizicacisile ubomi njengoko wenzayo ibonwe Leo Tolstoy kaThixo "War Noxolo".

Inoveli njengengubo ubomi

Lo msebenzi abalinganiswa abaphambili ngengqiqo eqhelekileyo yeli gama. genius Russian wavuma ukuba amaphepha encwadi nokuphuma yobomi ukuba rumbles imfazwe, ngoko uwela ihlabathi cwaka. Kule umlambo live abantu abaqhelekileyo abo bakhe organic amasuntswana. ngamanye amaxesha kuchaphazela nto, kodwa abaninzi bazalwa nayo, zokusombulula iingxaki zabo zemihla ngemihla kunye ungquzulwano. Nditsho imfazwe inoveli "War Noxolo" ubonisa lokwenyaniso ebalulekileyo. Akukho kukuzukiswa kwinoveli, kodwa akukho ukuxhaswa, kunokutshiseka. abantu abaqhelekileyo bahlala kwiimeko emfazwe kunye noxolo, kwaye abonisa nje indlela ngayo nenkcubeko karhulumente zabo ngaphakathi.

Ngaphandle lula bokubeka

Umxholo imfazwe inoveli "War Noxolo" akukho ewayo okwenziwe umbhali. Kufuna isithuba kakhulu ukusebenza, kuthatha ixesha elide kangakanani na ubomi babantu Russian ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XIX. Kodwa Russia iminyaka 12 zalwa rhoqo, yaye amawaka abantu baye inxaxheba kuzo. EYurophu ikuye yesiphithiphithi, undoqo komphefumlo yaseYurophu ufuna ezintsha iintlobo zobomi. Abaninzi silungiselele "amarhamncwa yemilenze ezimbini", apho izigidi kodwa "sasibhalwe a uNapoleon."

Ngokuba lixesha lokuqala Prince Kutuzov ivela kumaphepha kwinoveli phambi kwemfazwe Austerlitz. Intetho yakhe, enzulu kunye nentsingiselo, kunye Andrei Bolkonsky, siphendula le mfihlakalo ityhila indima edlalwe yi Kutuzov kwi bayahlelwa kwabantu bakhe. Ngumfanekiso Kutuzov ngo "War Noxolo" Ngummangaliso xa efika kuqala. Le umphathi, kodwa umbhali kwabonakala ukuba uqaphele italente zobunkokeli. Ewe, nabo kuyo, xa kuthelekiswa ne-kukaNapoleon Bagration, hayi abaziwayo kakhulu. Ngoko ke usuke waba misebenzi yomkhosi? Kwaye ezo mvakalelo, uthando nowaphula intliziyo yakhe Austerlitz, xa wabaleka amajoni Russian: "! Nantso into exhela"

Leo Tolstoy iyazeya obonisa logic imfazwe. Ekutshatyalalisweni ngokupheleleyo umkhosi Russian ngo-1805, igcina i usithe Tushin, hayi italente ubunkokheli Bagration kunye Kutuzov. Alithandabuzeki elokuba, ukumkanikazi inani enamandla, kodwa amandla ayo aguqulwa ukunyanzela ihashe ngaphandle nomkhweli walo, xa pawns andali kufa; ngokuba akhabe, buluma kodwa oko konke.

A umxholo eyahlukileyo - amadabi

Ukuze ababhali Lva Tolstogo, kwaba isihloko echumayo, nto leyo yanceda angatyhila umfundi iimpawu kakhulu ngokomoya imisebenzi kwamagorha. A count wayengekho nombhali, nabo bonke "uyalibhuqa." Wavalela isandi umphefumlo womntu. abalinganiswa bakhe kufika kanye ngokungqinelana isandi imiphefumlo yabo, nokuba entendelezweni emfazwe okanye noxolo. Ngumfanekiso kukaNapoleon ngo "War Noxolo" kuboniswa kunye kwicala elichanekileyo, ezizezi - ethethela yabantu. Kuyinto abalulekile kakhulu efanayo Natasha Rostova. Zombini yobomi ngokulinganayo. Bobabini bavela edabini ukuya edabini.

indlela UNapoleon kuphela esisebenzisayo nge gazi and Natasha - ngothando. UNapoleon, kungabi nakancinane ngokungathandabuzekiyo ukuba eqondisa ezindaweni zonke iintlanga. Ngoko ke isandi umphefumlo wakhe. Kodwa uNapoleon wayesandul onyuliwe ukuqondana Amazing, xa zonke iintlanga Europe ebuchotsheni ukubethelela ingcamango eyoyikekayo - ukubulala omnye. Yaye ngubani na ngaphezu utshatise ingcamango, kodwa uNapoleon - nenomlanga ngokwaneleyo nangengqondo overdeveloped?

Ukulwa ezinkulu nezincinane

Iinkcazelo amadabi kwinoveli "Imfazwe Noxolo" zikhona ngokupheleleyo, ezinkulu nezincinci, emfazweni kunye ngoxolo. Kokurhoxa amajoni Russian ukusuka kumda, kakhulu, kwabakho ukulwa. "Xa stop?" - wabuza ephelelwe ngumonde Kutuzov iinjengele abaselula. "Kwaye xa bonke bafuna ukulwa," - wathi isilumko endala Russian. Kubo emfazweni - lo mdlalo kunye nenkonzo, nisamkelela nemivuzo kunye nokukhuthaza umsebenzi. Yaye igqala unaliso linye kunye nabantu - kuba bubomi leyo omnye kuphela.

Idabi Borodino i yincopho somzabalazo phakathi kweentlanga ezimbini ezinkulu, kodwa isiqephu kuphela kubomi bonke wahlala ehlabathini ngaphaya. Nje ngosuku owawubhudla edabini. Kwaye into etshintshileyo ehlabathini ukusukela. EYurophu ebuyele ezingqondweni. Hayi indlela yophuhliso iye unyule. Ke uNapoleon kwakufuneka akusekho yakhe. Uyakusiva nje. Kwaye akukho genius njenge umphathi okanye ingqondo kwezopolitiko yale ukumsindisa ayaba nako, kuba sonke isizwe kwi Borodino wathi ulangazelela ngentliziyo yakhe yonke, ukuba abe naye.

Knights ukulwa

Wachaza imfazwe inoveli "War Noxolo" evela iimbono zabantu ezahlukeneyo. Phakathi kwawo kukho abo kulungiselwe bona imfazwe yinto efunekayo yendalo. Tikhon Shcherbaty, leyo izembe eyayibanjelwe, njenge amazinyo eqwengayo; Dolokhov, esidla umlilo kunye umdlali; UNikolai Rostov, indoda elungelelanisiweyo ngamabona nesibindi; Denisov, ukuzinkcinkca-ukusela imbongi nemfazwe; Kutuzov omkhulu; Andrey Bolkonsky - sobulumko nobuntu akuyo. Into abafana ngayo nabanye? Yaye isibakala sokuba, ngaphandle imfazwe, ukuba ubomi obahlukileyo ikhona. Ngumfanekiso Kutuzov ngo "War Noxolo" kule nkalo efezekile nje azotywe. It njengokuba iikulya Muromets, kuba usindiso looBawo aqhawuliweyo isitovu.

Oku zonke kartel imfazwe, xa intloko yayo na intanda okanye ngqondweni, kunye nokulawula ithuku lobulwanyana nengozi. Kutuzov akazange ezahlukeneyo kakhulu ukusuka Tihona Scherbatogo. Bobabini musa ukucinga, musa kwenza, kwaye uzive ngathi kukho isilwanyana, kukho ingozi, kwaye apho elijongene nayo. Not Kunzima ukucinga Tikhon kunxila, ngubani becela ecaweni. UNikolay Rostov ekupheleni kwinoveli ngento ethetha Bezukhov, kodwa zonke iincoko zakhe ezibe zingenakubonwa zibonwa imifanekiso idabi kuphela.

Xa inoveli "War Noxolo" akukho manga okanye eqhelekileyo, okanye lowo wathi, nje ukuba nehlekisayo. Leo Tolstoy ngqo nje umfanekiso abalinganiswa bakhe. Yena ayisigwebi niphinde niwabone, kodwa kuba ngumbulelo. Nkqu Andreya Bolkonskogo, ibiya kubonakala, iqhawe ayithandayo, yena akenzi ongumzekelo omhle. Ecaleni kwakhe ubomi - oko umgubo, kuba naye knight yemfazwe, nkqu loxolo. Ukufa ukuzibulala uthando Natasha waba umvuzo wakhe, ngenxa yokuba ngokuyimfuneko uNapoleon umphefumlo yothusa i uNapoleon wokwenene. Wonke umntu wamthanda, yaye - akukho. amandla izangoma le knight imfazwe negalelo naxa kuye ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe wehla uxolo. Phantsi impembelelo wakhe nkqu vutswatsi lamadoda - Per Bezuhov ngentliziyo olukhulu, yaye oku isisongelo enjalo ehlabathini, oko kukuthi mbi ngaphezu imfazwe wamagazi.

Ukwahlulwa esibhakabhakeni

Andrey Bolkonsky elele entsimini Austerlitz, waza wabona izulu. Ngaphezu Wayehlatyelwe obungapheliyo. Ngequbuliso UNapoleon ufika neqembu yakhe. "Le - yokufa omhle", - wathi lowo akazange aqonde nantoni na ukufa okanye, ngakumbi ke ebomini. Yaye yintoni ukuqondwa ngokwale meko, ngubani na va ubomi omnye umntu? Lo mbuzo buciko. Kwaye athatha imfazwe inoveli "War Noxolo" bonke mpendulo.

Abantu uluhlu emhlabeni, lokudubula enye, zikhuphe yamaqhekeza esonka evela imilomo nabanye, bathotywe tlhela nezalamane zakhe. Kutheni konke oku, xa isibhakabhaka ongenasiphelo umoya? yahlulwe izulu, ngenxa yokuba imiphefumlo yabantu nalo bahlukane. Wonke umntu ufuna ukuhlala ecaleni ngummelwane olungileyo, kodwa kwangaxeshanye ebangela amanxeba yindoda elungileyo.

Kutheni imfazwe noxolo ebomini elilandelayo?

umfanekiso zikaTolstoy semfazwe inoveli "War Noxolo" na alohlukaniswa kumfanekiso zehlabathi, ngenxa yokuba consubstantial ebomini. A genius Russian kutsalela ubomi yokwenene, hayi into angathanda ukubona ngeenxa zonke kuye. neengxoxo zakhe yentanda imveliso kunokuba likumgangatho ophantsi, kodwa bona babe inyaniso ngaphezu ngeengcinga abaphengululi highbrow. Ngapha koko, abantu abanalo ifomula ephepheni.

Inkanuko banokuthetha yomelele sizathu. Karataev kuba bubulumko ukuba smart, kodwa ngenxa yokuba ubomi ithathe yonke yamasuntswana emzimbeni wakhe, zisuke yobuchopho ngokulula. Le noveli ibonisa inkqubo consubstantial obungenasiphelo lobomi, apho - yokungafi uhlanga lwabantu, ngoko ngamnye.

Yaye ihlabathi wavuleka kwisiqingatha - uyatshaya fault

Prince Andrew phezu kwetafile yokusebenza, yaye ecaleni kwakhe namarhela umlenze Anatole Kuragin. Yaye into yokuqala intloko yam UAndrew: "Kutheni na apha," Ekubeni iingcinga ezinjalo kuyo nayiphi na imeko yobomi babantu ngephanyazo enye lukulungele ukwenza isicelo ndawo edabini. Imfazwe kwinoveli "Imfazwe Noxolo" akukho nje uboniswa apho, apho ukudubula kunye nabantu asebenzayo ngentlawulo onencula. Xa ememeza unyana omncinane unina wabulawa kaThixo, akukho ndawo imfazwe? Kwaye yintoni kuba idabi ngaphezu koko xa abantu ababini bethetha ubomi nokufa yezigidi zabantu, bobabini abazange babone? Cazulula ukukhanya wezulu emfazweni noxolo, ke ahlukana.

Ubuhle wobomi kwinoveli "Imfazwe Noxolo"

Leo Tolstoy ke nakhohlakeleyo umfanekiso imifanekiso yabantu, nakhohlakeleyo kumfanekiso ubomi loluntu ngokwalo. Kodwa ubuhle oko kubonwa zonke ilizwi kwinoveli enkulu. Bezuhov encothula komlilo womntwana, ekhangela ukuba umama wakhe. Umntu esozela ukuphendula imibuzo, Petrified kwiingozi. Kodwa Bezukhov kunye nezenzo zakhe ungacinganga ziqondeka abafundi njengoko ubuhle ezimangalisayo umphefumlo womntu.

Kwaye weva Bolkonski ihlombe Natasha Rostova kwi ngobusuku! Nkqu Sonia abaxolanga ngokungazali kwakhe, umphefumlo elingumqwebedu, kakhulu, lenze olwalo esithukuthezi, ubuhle bayo ezibuhlungu. Yena wawalwela ntsako ni baphulukana imfazwe nxi ayinakutshintshwa. Imfazwe kwinoveli "Imfazwe Noxolo" uye amawaka abangasekhoyo, ngokunjalo ubuhle.

Ofana nabanye Tuszyn olahla izandla zakhe core lutshaba, ikhula ibe isigebenga ezintle wasentsomini, kungekuphela nje ngokubona kwakhe. Iba lifana komthi wom-oki, nto leyo ethetha Andrey Bolkonsky. Isimo yentlanganiso iinjengele emva kwedabi Borodino wafaka kwinoveli ngalo amehlo umntwana. Yaye hayi indlela omhle ngayo ukhangela indlela wawubona waza wawukhumbula udibana umntwana: "Utatomkhulu bavuka, yaye bonke babephulaphule kuye!"

Kufikelele esibhakabhakeni

Emva ukubhala inoveli "War Noxolo", ngokutsho nabagxeki ezininzi, Lvu Nikolaevichu Tolstomu wakwazi kabini kuphela sikhwele kubugcisa boncwadi phezulu sverhpravdivogo - i "umtyholi" yaye "bavume", kodwa ixesha elide.