Imfuno factor Electrical: itafile. Izixhobo ezimila industrial

Yinto akukho mfihlakalo ukuba kushishino kusoloko kukho inani elikhulu izixhobo zombane ezahlukeneyo - kungenxa kubo kunye nemisebenzi ezivenkileni, kwi mveliso, kuzo zonke mveliso. Kunye nenkqubela ngakumbi into eyenziwayo, ukusetyenziswa olukhulu elektroniki ukugubungela ngokupheleleyo zonke iinkalo zezinto ezenziwa kunokwenzeka. Kwaye abantu abaninzi abasebenza ezi-ofisini, imizi-mveliso, amashishini, musa ukucinga ngokubanzi ukuba basoloko besebenzisa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo ukufezekisa iinjongo zabo. Kakade ke, kutheni becinga ngayo, ngenxa yokuba iinjongo zabo kunye nezixhobo kubo - zizixhobo kuphela. Noko ke, ukuba ucinga ukuba yintoni ebangela zonke oomatshini kunye nezixhobo emsebenzini, oko nangoko wambetha ngento iintlobo izixhobo ezahlukeneyo eqhagamshelwe omnye komnye gqolo osebenza phantsi ombane eyahlukileyo inokuba kweli gumbi elifanayo. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba nje kukho - ke, khubaza, zisebenza ngaphandle iziphazamiso okanye ngenxeba ngokwezikhundla ezahlukeneyo. Nokuba ekhaya, ungenza aliyi kuthandabuza ukubeka iketile, a oven kwi imisebenzi computer, kodwa unako ukukwenza oko ngenxa yokuba umntu kwangaphambili ngobuchule izicwangciso yonke into ukuze sithwalisa kothungelwano lungenzeki xa inani elikhulu izixhobo zombane. Ngokuphathelele kwimveliso, ngoko uyakwazi ukuthetha into enye - kodwa kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba izicwangciso kulo mzekelo, wenza isikali ochukumisa ngakumbi. Ucwangciso kufuneka ithathele ingqalelo iintlobo ezininzi kakhulu, omnye yezinto ezibalulekileyo lulwahlulo imfuno umbane. Itheyibhile kule inkalo iza kuphanda ngokucokisekileyo eli nqaku. Kodwa ke kuqala kufuneka uqonde ukuba le nto xa iyonke loo nto imele, iya kubalwa nokuba ukusebenzisa njani. Le parameter ebaluleke kakhulu xa iigridi namandla, ngoko kufuneka balujongisise ngenyameko umlinganiselo kwemfuno zombane, itafile zombane yabuya yehlelwa okunene ukuba bafunde ngentloko.

Ukumiselwa kwe factor

Abaninzi zombane zokufuna ubunzima koko akanakuthi ukuqonda ngokwabo yintoni lulwahlulo kwemfuno zombane, kuba etafileni akwenzi ngqiqo, kuba nje ngokuchonga iingcinga kunye amanye amanani. Ngoko ke yintoni na ratio? Ukuze uqalise kufuneka nje ukuba aqhelane njengengcaciso - oko kukuthi, Kakade ke, ukuze kubonakale ngoko nangoko ingozi yayo kuwe, kodwa njengoko ufunda eli nqaku uya ukuqonda ngakumbi nangakumbi. Ngoko ke, lo umbane imfuno lomlingani (itafile kuya kujongwana nayo ngokwahlukileyo, ngoku kuthathelwa ingqalelo ithiyori kuphela) - lulwahlulo balwamkele zamandla umthwalo peak edityaniswe kwi iyonke ubuchule babo efakiweyo. Ukuzimisela kakhulu capacious, Noko ke, njengoko kuchaziwe ngaphambili, akukho kwaoko lula ukuqonda oko nangoku umongo wayo - isivakalisi nje omnye kunzima kakhulu ukuqonda ukuba usebenzise indlela yombane imfuno factor. Table swi nga ku pfuna leswaku u twisisa umba, ngoko umele elinye ingqalelo yayo kwixesha elizayo. Ngoku kufuneka nje ukuzama ukuqonda undoqo kolu luvo.

Kakuhle eli lomlingani

Ukuze kakhulu ngokuchanileyo uhlobo kule inkalo, kufuneka ukucinga imveliso - kukho iintlobo izixhobo, ezifana iintlobo koomatshini, abalandeli mveliso njalo njalo. Zonke ezi zixhobo asele umbane, ngoko uyilo umbane kufuneka ukuba wazi ukuba yintoni na wenkunkuma ngamandla onke balwamkele zifumana imali eyimfuneko lwangoku. Power akufuneki lincinane kakhulu, kungenjalo zonke izixhobo zawo ngokwaneleyo, kwaye akufuneki ukuba likhulu kakhulu - oko kuya kukhokelela ekubeni overruns iindleko. Ngenxa yoko, kukho imfuneko into leyo evumela zombane ukumisela kuba yintoni na wokusetyenzisiweyo namandla kwisixhobo kuthelekiswa amandla oomatshini. Ngamafutshane, ngenxa yokufunwa factor uyakwazi ukufumana ukusuka umthamo efakiweyo ye ekubaleni, apho sele kusetyenziswa practice. Zonke izixhobo kufuneka imfuno yazo factor - ngentla mveliso fans, nasezimbizeni, nezinye izinto njalo njalo. Nakuba kunjalo, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba itafile okuza yesinyanzeliso, elithe ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwathiwa ngaphambili, iqulathe phantse akukho izingqinisiso izixhobo ezithile. Iqulethe data kumashishini ethile kunye iivenkile, ezidla aba yinxalenye yale imveliso. Kodwa phambi kokugqithela uviwo eneenkcukacha kule theyibhile, kuyimfuneko ukuba baphathane phuzu - apho lo ratio?

Origin factor

Abantu abaninzi angacela umbuzo - yintoni umlinganiselo lwesinyanzelo umbane? oomatshini udini unayo, ukuba iyafumaneka ukuba ukwakha izityalo, kodwa yintoni ebangela loo nto? Emva amandla ombane kucacile ukuba wonke ubani, kuba lixabiso ngokwenene kakhulu ukuba eneneni ikhona. Kodwa lomlingani - nje inani, phi? Isibakala sokuba yonke okuza eziqulethwe iimathiriyeli zesalalhiso ezizodwa - iitafile efanayo apho kuye kwathethwa ngayo ekuqaleni kweli nqaku. Baya uye waqatshelwa kwii-nokusebenza kwezixhobo zombane ezahlukeneyo, kwakunye kumava nokusebenza mveliso yonke kunye neendibano. Ngenxa yoko, iingcali ziye zaphawula ukuba ixesha elide ukubona umsebenzi ezifana koomatshini sukube, idatha indlela uqikelelo - yaye kamva ezinye xesha wabhengeza ukuba kanye oko bafuna into. Kwaye eli xabiso sathathwa njengoko mmiselo, abhalwe itafile esemthethweni, kwaye zibekwe iimathiriyeli zesalalhiso asetyenziswa ngoku yi ngogesi. Kaloku, ukuba lonke ulwazi senkolelo kufuneka ube - ngoku uyazi ukuba yintoni na into eyenziwe ngawo kuchaphazela, kwakunye apho uvela khona. Oku kuthetha ukuba kukho iintlobo yamanani ezahlukeneyo etafileni okuza yesinyanzeliso akuyi kuba kuwe into engalindelekanga nentsonkothileyo. Ngoko ke ngokukhuselekileyo udlulele kwicandelo elilandelayo, eliya kujongana amanye amanqaku etafileni zinto zifuneka. itafile ngokupheleleyo, Kakade ke, akuyi ngokupheleleyo, kuba has a lot of amacandelo - iintlobo ezingaphezu kwe amabini ezahlukeneyo zokuvelisa, kuba nganye yabelwa inani elithile lezityalo.

Thenga asetyenziswa kwimizi jikelele

Icandelo lokuqala ayibandakanyi izixhobo zokwakha, okanye nayiphi na ivenkile ezizodwa kakhulu, ekubeni Sisiseko. ezo iivenkile kunye nezindlu ziyaqwalaselwa apha, ezisetyenziswa yonke indawo, hayi kwi kwimveliso elizinikeleyo. Umzekelo, apha unako ukufumana 'ngumlingani ka kwemfuno zombane kwibhloko engundoqo iivenkile - nto ilingana 0.4-0.5. Olu ncedo, xa uqala kuqala, ukuze encinane, kodwa enyanisweni ngayo Kuyinto eqhelekileyo - ngethuba etafileni kwaye uya kubona kwixabiso elincinane kakhulu kule ratio. Umzekelo, nkqu kwicandelo efanayo inomlingani ephantsi - umzekelo, kwibhloko enye yeevenkile abangabancedani ukuba ayidluli 0,35. Xa sithatha anelona nani liphezulu kweli candelo, ingafunyanwa kwi umthwalo wobushushu iivenkile apho umsebenzi zokufudumeza eziko. ngenxa ubukhulu becala isalathisi lwabo kule venkile liphezulu kangaka - 0.7-0.8. Ngoku got ukubona ka ekhangeleka icandelo kwetafile iyonke - enoba lichaza izixhobo zokwakha, iivenkile ukunyibilikisa okanye nantoni na icandelo enye, itafile izaku phawulwa, nto leyo iya kufakwa amagama ezivenkileni. Babefuna ukuba ratio obumalunga zombane yolawulo iya kuboniswa phambi kula magama. Ngoko ke, ngombane ngoku entlanganweni ingcingo kunye umbane kwi imveliso akuyomfuneko lonke ixesha kubhejo efundile, ityala kunye impazamo ukuba uza kuba imfuno kwi venkile zombane ezithile - bona amaxabiso avareji, apho ngokukhuselekileyo bathembele emsebenzini wabo.

copper kunyityilikiswa plant

Le mveliso ezikhethekileyo yokuqala, nto leyo kubonisiwe etafileni okuza. Kwaye ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukutsala ingqalelo yokuba iye iingongoma ezimbalwa kakhulu - ezimbini kuphela. Isibakala sokuba uninzi iivenkile isinyibilikise sele ndimncinile kwicandelo lokuqala, ngoko akukho sizathu ukuphindaphinda evenkileni efanayo apha. Oko kukuthi, kuvela ukuba kwezombane usoloko kwindawo yokuqala ukujonga kwicandelo lokuqala kunye iivenkile asetyenziswa kwimizi jikelele, uze ukhangele kwicandelo ezizodwa kakhulu. Kodwa ke into yokuba ezinikezele, oko akuthethi ukuba izinto oko kuya kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo eziqhelekileyo - umzekelo, ngumatshini wokuphakamisa ifumaneka kwiivenkile ezininzi nokusulungekiswa ngobhedu (ukungavumelani kwe izixhobo leyo 0.6), kwaye kananjalo kuthathelwa ingqalelo xa kulungiselelwa lo ingumlingani. Umhlathi wesibini yeli candelo - it vaterzhakety kunye reverberatory yamaziko, umlinganiselo babo lingaphantsi kancinci kwelo kumhlathi owandulelayo - 0.5. Apha kakhulu kukho izixhobo jikelele-njongo, ezifana ngumatshini wokuphakamisa - ngoku kwafuneka ekugqibeleni walithimba kakuhle eli itafile, ngoko amathuba ezinjalo yenza akukho ingqiqo ukukhumbula kwixesha elizayo.

izityalo insimbi Non-ayoni

Kweli candelo, unako ukufumana enye kwanala aphakathi kwitheyibhile yonke. Ngaphandle kokuba kukho badla efakwe notsala umbane inzima kakhulu, ukususela elebhu-mveliso iintsimbi ayoni ratio abafunwayo 0.25 kuphela. Kodwa musa ukucinga ukuba lonke kwisityalo lo befuna izityalo amandla kunye namaziko. Umzekelo, isityalo electrolysis na bana 0.7, nto leyo ilula kakhulu. Kwaye oku Ayinaxesha mfuneko bokomisa iimpahla ukufikelela kule thagethi. Ngokubanzi, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuthathela ingqalelo imiba emininzi, ukuze sibone imfuneko factor echanekileyo, ezinokukwazi wayesebenza ngombane.

izityalo Iron nensimbi

Bekuya Kubonakala ukuba zombini iifektri bekwi yokunyibilikisa isinyithi, kodwa ichazwa kwicandelo odlulileyo, yokunyibilikisa isinyithi non-ayoni, kwaye kuyo - emnyama. Noko ke, isityalo (kunye nezixhobo kuwo ngokulandelelana) zahlukile kakhulu - kwaye abe okuza eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo kwemfuno zombane. Ubukhulu becala kucaciswe kubanda ivenkile liqengqiwe, iimveliso ukuba i index ye 0.4-0.5. Impompo Sivula ifakiwe kule eziko udubulo iwasebenzisa kakhulu amandla, ngoko ke umlinganiselo kakhulu eliphezulu - 0,45. Kodwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo ukuba uqaphele kweli candelo - yinto yokuba akunakwenzeka ukuba ukuchonga nayiphi na imiba lomlingani aphezulu kakhulu okanye asezantsi kakhulu. Izalathisi ngaphesheya candelo abawathobanga ngezantsi 0.4 kwaye abaze bavuke ngentla 0.6, yaye unikwa nempompo emoyeni, kunye nezinye izixhobo ezifana esetyenziselwa olu hlobo kwimveliso.

izityalo processing

Kufuneka ibe onento kancinane ukusuka sihloko uze ucinge izixhobo ngamandla ephathwayo - enoba kwitheyibhile kuthathelwa ingqalelo? Nikelani ingqalelo into yokuba uninzi izixhobo, nto leyo zithathwa njengenxalenye isityalo bemveliso kudla imali engakholelekiyo kombane - ngoko ke ezi ntlobo zezixhobo amaninzi mhlawumbi hayi ngqalelo okanye labandakanywa impazamo encinane. Ukubuyela kule isifundo, kwindawo entsha ezahlukeneyo izinto iba kancinane ebanzi - kodwa hayi kangangoko, umzekelo, kwicandelo lokuqala, apho unokufumana neerhafu 0.2 ukuya 0.8. Okokuqala kuluhlu, Kakade ke, lo isityalo main nokusebenzisa - kwaye phantse liphezulu kwimveliso into 0.6-0.65. Lo mzobo ngasentla kuphela kwisityalo ayinto - 0.6-0.7. Njengoko ngokuba ephantsi, kukho loo ivenkile zoloizvlekatelny kunye ukungavumelani kwe 0.4 - njengokuba ubona, kule imveliso kuzo zonke iivenkile zifuna unikezelo kakhulu umbane, eya sinokubanamandla yi Iimoto zombane, umbane, kunye nezinye izixhobo ukuba usebenzise zonke oomatshini kwintshukumo kwi workshop.

izityalo sinter

Kule mveliso kakhulu kwivenkile spekalny - kodwa ratio yayo akuyona into edulusele ngaphandle, 0.5. Ukuphawula apha ngaphandle kokuba uyakwazi uthenge ukucima kombane apho kungekho umatshini welding okanye nasiphi na isixhobo ngaphezulu umbane kakhulu, ngoko izinga imfuno usezantsi kakhulu - 0.3-0.4. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kukho kwakhona nezinye iivenkile, kodwa intsebenzo yabo ingaphezulu kancinci - kaninzi apho ukwazi ukuhlangabezana yokuthutha, ibhanti yokuthutha okanye ezinye izixhobo ezifana apho asebenza ngokuqhubekekayo yaye zifuna neendleko ezinkulu yangoku.

plant engineering enzima

Kwakhona simele sinikele ingqalelo izityalo, apho kukho ngokwenene ezininzi kumasebe ahlukeneyo kunye amaqela. Njengoko ubona, ukuba ufunda iimathiriyeli zesalalhiso kwiimeko ezininzi ezidlulileyo, inani ezivenkileni lingaphantsi kwe nokuba ezintlanu, yaye ngokuqinisekileyo hayi ngaphezulu kwe ezilishumi. Kwimeko mveliso zobunjineli enzima zonke ngeyahlukileyo kancinane - ine- inani onomtsalane izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe zodwa. Phakathi kwabo inokufumaneka isityalo eso apho inani elikhoyo liphezulu kakhulu, kwaye kananjalo nabo apho luphantsi kakhulu. Kwakhona, oku na izixhobo ngamnye ziya kuqwalaselwa, ezifana abaguquli welding, okuzenzelekayo, apha uya kufumana kuphela okuza yebango izixhobo zombane ezivenkileni ngamnye. Engundoqo kakhulu kwimveliso leyo kuthathwa ukuba isakhiwo eziphambili - oko kuqondwe ngegama. Apha, 'ngumlingani ayikho phezulu kakhulu - 0.3-0.4 kuphela, kodwa kukho amagumbi kunye ngaphantsi kwe yokusebenza ebalaseleyo. Umzekelo, thatha uhamba, apho nani nje 0.25, okanye isityalo pilot, apho izixhobo akanawo kangaka, yaye akukho kubiza kakhulu (njani ingadla amandla amaninzi ukucoca irhasi electrostatic?). Ngoko ke akukho nto ayimangalisi kwinto yokuba le sityalo inomlingani yemfuno lilonke 0.2. Ngokumalunga eliphezulu uluhlu kweli candelo, ukuba ayiphucukanga kuphela nxamnye nabanye. 0.6 Coefficient yesinyanzeliso ngu zobunjineli enzima na ivenkile lakovarochny, musa ukuba kude kube ngakumbi into enye - usambathisa izityalo. Kusenokubakho kwakhona ibe ngumba we 0.6, kodwa kunokuba kwaye ngaphantsi - phantsi ku-0.5, ngoko lokutyumba etafileni ubaluleke kakhulu - 0.5-0.6. Kumasebe ahlukeneyo kufuneka oomatshini ezahlukeneyo (hardware) otyhidiweyo, yaye ngamnye kubo ukuba ithathelwe ingqalelo ukudala indawo ebanzi kwaye kubaluleke kakhulu ngogesi itafile.

Yintoni elandelayo?

Ngokwendalo, kule theyibhile imfuno wombane okuza ayipheli - it amacandelo okuninzi, ligubungela ezahlukahlukeneyo iinkalo zezinto ezenziwa kunye noshishino. Kodwa kufuneka ufunde ezinye iinkcukacha malunga yintoni enye ungenza ntoni into imfuno. Sele ukwazi ukuba nayo ungachaza abaliweyo kunye wesiqhelo (okt oluzakunyuswa) igunya njengoko izixhobo zombane, kunye nezityalo ngokubanzi. Kodwa kukho kwakhona ifomula ekuvumela ukuba ufunde kunye nezinye izinto, ezifana umlinganiselo ukusetyenziswa kunye ubuninzi - nabo badlala indima ebalulekileyo ekubaleni nokucwangcisa iinkqubo zombane. Ngamafutshane, imfuno into enye parameters ibalulekileyo ekubaleni kunye noyilo lweenkqubo amandla kunye nofakelo. Ukuba ngombane, ngoko ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka ukwazi izinto ezisisiseko kwemfuneko kunye nabo ukufikelela olusisigxina iimbekiselo efanelekileyo. Ke akuyi kwenza ingxaki incinane yokubonelela umbane kuyo nayiphi na into - oko kukuthi nto ichaza abaqeqeshiweyo. Yazi ukuba usebenzise indlela iitafile kunye nezinye izinto, kungekhona nje izandla zabo! ukuqonda ngokupheleleyo kufuneka ukuba le nto ayikho uphawu sethiyori kuphela obukhoyo ehlabathini - kunye izinto ezimbini enye, ukusetyenziswa kunye eliphezulu, sele ngokufutshane ukudibana, kodwa ke ezi amaxabiso baninzi kakhulu, kwaye elowo kubo unendima ebalulekileyo ukuncedisana umfanekiso jikelele. Ngoko ke, musa bangawutyesheli ulwazi yeengcingane, njengoko ngokufuthi ke kubaluleke ngaphezu practical. Le nto zombane mfuno into ibaluleke kangaka.