Imizimba yama-Amorphous. Impawu

Igama elithi "amorphous" liguqulelwe ngokwegama lesiGrike ngokuthi "ayikho inhlobo", "kungekhona ifomu". Izinto ezinjalo azikho isakhiwo se-crystalline, azihambelani kunye nokubunjwa kwamaqela e-crystalline. Njengomthetho, umzimba we-amorphous yi-isotropi, oko kukuthi, izakhiwo zayo eziphathekayo azixhomekeke kwisikhokelo sesenzo sangaphandle.

Izinto ze-Amphophous ziquka iiglasi (i-volcanic ne-artificial), i-glues, i-resins, njl. I-Glass ithathwa njengomeleleyo yombutho wama-amorphous. Ngaloo ndlela, izinto zingakwazi ukuhlala kwimeko yeglasi phantsi kwefuthe lokushisa okuphantsi. Ngaphantsi kweempembelelo zokushisa okuphezulu, ziyancibilika. I-viscosity yezinto ezinama-amorphous kuxhomekeke kubushushu: phezulu, yilezantsi le nani iya kuba.

Iipropati zamazimba amorphous zivumela ukuba zifakwe kwindawo ephakathi phakathi kobisi kunye neekristal. Kule nkalo, kunzima ukuyibiza ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba iyomelele.

Ukuxutywa kwamalungu amorphous ngowona mpawu eziphambili zezi zinto. Unokwenza uvavanyo. Kuya kufuna ikhandlela le-stearic, iplastiki kunye nomthombo wokushisa oshisayo (umbane). Zibini ikhandlela kunye nodongwe zifakwa kumgama olinganayo ukusuka kumbane. Emva kwexesha elithile, ukuqubuka kwekhandlela kuza kuqala. Le plastiki iyaba yinto encane. Emva kwexeshana ikhandlela liya kutyhafa ngokupheleleyo. Iplastiki ilula.

Kukho ezinye izinto ezifana ne-stearin, ezifana nezitye. Xa bevutha, abayicuceli, kodwa iyancibilika. Kule nqubo, unako ukuhlala uqaphela zombini inxalenye esomeleleyo kwaye sele isele inkunkuma yexabiso. Ezi ziko ziyakhwela.

Kukho izinto ezitshisa, zitshisa, zitshintsha ngokuthe ngcembe kwaye zibe zizinzileyo. Kule meko, akunakwenzeka ukubonakalisa ubushushu apho bawenza khona. Le mizimba yamorphous. Banobuqhetseba nangaphantsi kwefuthe lokushisa okuphantsi. Oku kungaqinisekiswa ngamava.

Faka isiqwenga se-resin kwisibilini seglasi uze ushiye kwindawo yokushisa. Emva kweeveki ezimbalwa, kuya kubonakala ukuba i-resin ayifumanga nje ukuma kwe-funnel, kodwa yaqalisa ukuphuma kuyo njengomlambo. Eli liva liqinisekisa ukuba imizimba yama-amorphous iziphatha njengobuncwane obukhulu kakhulu kwaye buninzi.

Xa ufunda nabo ngoncedo lwe-X-rays kunye ne-microscope ye-electron, kuqinisekiswa ukuba kulezi zinto iinqununu azange zilungiswe ngendlela echanekileyo. Amakristali abonakalisiweyo, umzekelo, ngolu hlobo olubizwa ngokuba ngumda wexesha elide, apho ilungiselelo leengqungquthela livela. Amagumbi e-Amorphous ahluke kwixesha elifutshane lokuhamba kwendawo. Oku kuthetha ukuba inqanaba elithile lomyalelo kwilungiselelo ligcinwa kuphela kwinqanaba ngalinye.

Kucaciswe ukuba kulezi zinto (njengokuba, ngokwenene, kwabanye), iinqununu zihamba ngokukhawuleza kwaye ziqhubeke. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimzimba ezinamaqhophozi banokungena kwiindawo ezithile. Oku kuququzelelwa ukusabalalisa ukungalingani kweengqungquthela kwizinto ezinama-amorphous - izikhala ezikhulu. Kodwa le migama ayikho "engenakho", njengomzekelo, kwizinto ze-crystalline.

Ngethuba elithile lexesha (iinyanga, iiveki, iintsuku), izidumbu zomntu ngamnye zingadlulisela ngokukhawuleza kwi-crystalline state. Ngokomzekelo, unokwazi ukubona indlela ubusi okanye i-candy candy emva kwexesha ulahlekelwa ngayo. Kwiimeko ezinjalo ngokuqhelekileyo kuthiwa ukuba imveliso "iyalandelwa". Ngexesha elifanayo, ukukhangela ubusi obubiweyo ngoshukela okanye ukuphula i-candy, unokwazi ukuyijonga i-crystals yoshizi, eyayikho ngaphambili kwifomu ye-amorphous.

Ukukhwabanisa okunjalo okubonakalayo kwezinto kubonisa iqondo elithile lozinzo lwentlalo. Ngaloo ndlela, umzimba onama-amorphous awuzinzile.