Indima izilwanyana endalweni

Izityalo asisiseko eziphilayo emhlabeni. Bona izithako ezahlukeneyo yendalo ephilayo, leyo akhiwa phezu kukufakwa neetyuwa izimbiwa kunye namanzi, icarbon dioxide kunye namandla yelanga. Kakade ke, lo ukubaluleka kwezityalo kwindalo mkhulu; ukuba ukutya ezanyisayo, yaye nomthombo oksijini. Kwaye yintoni indima izilwanyana kwindalo? Ezanyisayo azikho component amancinci endalo, nto leyo edla izinto zizityalo. Omnye wemisebenzi ephambili nezilwanyana kwindawo bume yendalo - ukuba bathathe inxaxheba Ukubolekisa izinto, ngaphandle apho akwazi ukuphila nayiphi na into ephilayo on Earth.

Indima izilwanyana endalweni

eziphilayo Complex na ecosystem zingahlulwa zibe ngamaqela amathathu:

- Abalimi - izityalo eluhlaza avelisa zomgquba evela kwizinto ezingaphiliyo;

- consuments - izilwanyana zitya izityalo okanye ukutya yezilwanyana, imveliso, uze nazisasaza le into ephilayo Ebubanzini uhlobo lomhlaba okanye umgangatho walo;

- eziphilayo - ngundo neentsholongwane, ukuguqulela zonke izinto eziphilayo ezibangelwa ebomini kunye nezilwanyana kunye nezityalo kwi zegesi kunye neetyuwa kwezimbiwa.

Ngako oko, iityuwa kunye neegesi nezinokuphinda kusetyenziswa iingcambu kunye namagqabi zezityalo. Nantso into veke Umjikelo we-eneji kunye nezinto kwindalo kunye izinto eziphilayo.  

Yintoni indima izilwanyana kwindalo?

Imisebenzi ezilwanyana kwindalo:

1. Ukuthatha inxaxheba ukuhamba kwezinto.

2. Indima kwezilwanyana kwindalo yaye kwakhiwe yemihlaba. Ingakumbi ebalulekile ezingenamqolo - amangolwane, izinambuzane, molluscs kunye yimisundululu. Kulapho ezininzi zomhlaba-ezingenamqolo, ephuhliswe kakuhle utyani umaleko woMhlaba.

3. I-, indima wesithathu ebaluleke kangako ekwaphukeni izilwanyana ayikho ngokwaneleyo iisampulu zezityalo akhulayo kwaye egula. Ngale ndlela, izilwanyana ukunceda ukwenza ukhetho zendalo, ngokwenjenjalo egcina nasekukhuliseni ukomelela kwezityalo, yesantya zazivelela zabo. Indima efanayo idlalwa izilwanyana olwaye lwamfimfitha nabavath ngokunxulumene nezilwanyana ezitya utyani.

4. Ulawulo yabemi. Olwaye lwamfimfitha kunye nezilwanyana ezingabahlaseli zinqanda lokwanda herbivorous. Kungenjalo, iminyaka embalwa yokugqibela kuphele iintlobo ezithile zezityalo. Ngakumbi kubaluleke ziintaka insectivorous (ixabiso kweentaka kwindalo inkulu; ke zinqanda ukwanda ngokugqithisileyo izinambuzane kunye nezinye izilwanyana), iintaka amaxhoba, maxoxo kunye amasele, amacilikishe, amalulwane, iimpukane, amabhungane emhlabeni, iimbovane, oonomeva, kunye namanye amaqela ezingenamqolo kunye ekuyo.

5. Cross yaMaxwebhu phantse kuzo zonke iintlobo zonke angiosperms, ukusasaza imbewu amatyholo kunye nemithi. Le uvuvuzelo inxaxheba amashumi amawaka leenyosi eziphila amathafa, iintlango, emaqeleni, nemiqolomba zasezintabeni. Nokuba kumantla eGreenland inabemi zinyosi. Xa indima waBathengisi imbewu imithi, ingca kunye namatyholo ubabalo ekuyo aphezulu - iintaka granivorous kwaye ezidla, iimpuku kunye nezilwanyana neempuphu.

Phantse bonke abantu abamele ihlabathi kwezilwanyana ngohlobo iintaka ezinkulu ezanyisayo, ezirhubuluzayo ndyoka. Savannah ngokwembono yabantu abaninzi iindlovu ezinxulumene iingonyama, amaqwarhashe kunye antelopes, iinciniba, kunye oontloyiya, amahlathi ashinyeneyo - orangutan kunye iigorila, amahlosi constrictors Boa, ezintle iintaka iparadesi, kunye hlathi - capercaillie, iingcuka neebhere, nezamaxhamakazi, imivundla. Kodwa asingabo bonke ezanyisayo iinkqubo zendalo zidlala indima enkulu. Ukudliwa kohlaza, ukubunjwa lomhlaba, uvuvuzelo kwezityalo inikwa i ezingenamqolo isilwanyana. Centipedes, izigcawu, iintshulube, izinambuzane, njl Oku kubangelwa ngangenani lazo enkulu kunye neentlobo ezizodwa. Indima izilwanyana kwindalo, kakade, phezulu. Kwaye ke umsebenzi abantu kukugcina zonke iintlobo kunye nokulungelelana nendalo.