Indlela nganye yemfundo kunye nokukhuliswa kwabantwana

Ngaphambi kwenkqubo yemfundo kukho imisebenzi ebalulekileyo. Kodwa indawo ekhethekileyo phakathi kwabo kukufuna umbutho onjalo wenkqubo eya kuvumela ukuba yenze indlela ethile ekukhuliseni nasekufundiseni abantwana. Kule meko kunokwenzeka ukuba umntwana akwazi ukufumana kuphela inani elifunekayo lezakhono, ulwazi nolwazi, kodwa kunye nokuphuhlisa umnqweno wakhe wokuzimela nokwazi ukuzakhela.

Ukuphuthuma komxholo

Kubaluleke kangakanani iteknoloji yendlela eyahlukeneyo kwimfundo nokukhuliswa kwabantwana? Impendulo yalo mbuzo inokufumaneka xa sikhumbula ukuba ngumntu obaluleke kakhulu kuluntu lwethu. Yingakho ingqalelo enkulu ihlawulwa ekukhulisweni komntu ngamnye, ukukhathazeka ngokuphucula iimpawu zakhe kunye nokuphuhliswa kwamakhono amaninzi. Yonke le misebenzi ibaluleke kunabo nawuphi na urhulumente.

Inyaniso ecacileyo kukuba kukho phakathi kwabantu abathile ngokwahlukileyo. Le yimpendulo yombuzo obhaliweyo. Indlela yokwenza imfundo kunye nokukhuliswa komntwana kuyimfuneko kuba, nangona naluphi na umthelela wokufundisa, ubuchule bomntu bomntu buyekiswa ngokutshintshwa kweemeko zangaphakathi ". Ngaphandle kwesi sizathu, inkqubo yemfundo noqeqesho ilahlekelwa yimpumelelo yayo.

Inkcazo yemeko

Injongo ephambili yoluntu lwethu uphuhliso olunzulu lwabemi balo bonke. Isisombululo sale ngxaki sinokwenzeka kuphela ngokutyhila amandla okudala omntu, kunye nokubunjwa komntu ngamnye, eli lizinga eliphezulu lokuphuhlisa. Emva koko, umntu ngamnye kufuneka acacise, oko kukuthi, "uzalise" ngokwakhe. Kwaye oku akusiyo kuphela injongo yokuphila kwakhe, kodwa kunye nomsebenzi oyintloko woluntu ngokubanzi.

Ukongezelela, le fomu yemfundo, njengendlela yokufundisa, ayichasani nalo mgaqo njengokuqokelela. Kwaye oku kuqinisekiswa ngophando lwezesayensi. "I" kumntu kwenzeka ngokuchanekileyo kuba kukho "thina".

Indlela yomntu ngamnye kwimfundo nokukhuliswa akusiyo isiganeko esisodwa. Kufuneka baqaphele yonke inkqubo echaphazela umntwana. Kule nkalo, le ndlela ingabizwa ngumgaqo-jikelele wokukhuliswa kwesizukulwana esincinane.

Indlela eyahlukeneyo yemfundo, kunye nemfundo, ijolise ukuqinisa iimpawu ezilungileyo zomntu kunye nokuphelisa ukungaphumeleli ekuziphatheni kwayo. Ukuba nezakhono ezanele zokufundisa kunye nokwenza ingenelelo ngexesha elifanelekileyo, kunokwenzeka ukuba ugweme enye inkqubo enobunzima kwaye engathandekiyo njengemfundo kwakhona.

Indlela yokuqeqesha ngamnye iya kufuna umntu omdala ukuba abe nomonde omkhulu, kunye nokukwazi ukuqonda ngokucacileyo ukubonakalisa okuthile kokuziphatha komntwana.

Indlela eyahlukeneyo yokufundisa, kunye nokukhuliselwa yinxalenye yenkqubo yenkqubo yokufundisa. Ngoncedo lwayo, abantwana babandakanyeka kwimisebenzi esebenzayo ekujoliswe ekuqondeni ulwazi lweprogram.

Ingundoqo yendlela ethile

Ubheno kubuntwana bomntu othile kufuneka bube khona kuzo zonke ikhonkco zomsebenzi wezemfundo kunye nokukhulisa nabantwana babo bonke ubudala. Iyintoni intsingiselo yaloo ndlela? Kuboniswa ngempembelelo ngqo kwi-child xa ixazulula imisebenzi eqhelekileyo ejongene neqela. Kule meko, utitshala okanye utitshala makangacinge ngeemeko eziphilayo kunye neempawu zomntu ngamnye.

Singazimela ngokukhuselekileyo ukuba umgaqo wendlela ngamnye yokufundisa, kunye nemfundo yinto ephambili kwimisebenzi yokufundisa. Ekuphunyezweni kwayo, umntu omdala ufuna:

- ukwazi nokuqonda abafundi babo;
- ukuthanda abantwana;
- bakwazi ukubonisa nokuhlalutya;
- zihambelane ne-balance balance.

Utitshala kufuneka ahlale ekhumbula ukuba umntwana uyisifundo esiziphetheyo ngokuzikhupha kwakhe. Kule meko, uhlala efuna inkxaso yabantu abadala.

Ukuphunyezwa komntu ngamnye ekufundiseni, kunye nemfundo akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kokuqwalasela iinkalo ze-psychophysical. Makhe siqwalasele le miba ngokungakumbi.

Inqanaba lokuphuhliswa kwengqondo

Le yimiba yokuqala ekufuneka iqwalaselwe xa kuthathwa indlela ethile ekuqeqesheni abantwana abasenkulisa kunye nabafundi kwiziko lemfundo jikelele.

Utitshala kufuneka afunde izinga lokuphuhliswa kwengqondo lomntwana. Oku kuyimfuneko ekuqeqesheni kwakhe ukuphumelela. Ukuba le ncwadana inomgangatho ophezulu, ngoko umfundi uya kuziqonda ngokukhawuleza kwaye aziqonde kakuhle izinto, zikhumbule kakuhle kwaye zivelise, kwaye zigcine zikhumbule. Ulwazi olufunyenweyo, kulo mzekelo, luya kusetyenziswa ngempumelelo ekusebenzeni imisebenzi elandelayo.

Indlela eyahlukeneyo kwimfundo yabantwana kunye nokukhuliswa kwabo, esekelwe kwinqanaba lophuhliso lwengqondo, lwakhiwa ngu titshala, ingqalelo indawo yempembelelo yakhe. Kule meko, umntu omdala makafanele ahluke umsebenzi ngokwawo, kodwa umlinganiselo wonguncedo awunika umntwana. Ngokomzekelo, abanye abafundi abavelisi kuphela lo msebenzi okanye lo msebenzi, kodwa uchaza inkqubela yokuzaliseka kwayo ukudibanisa. Abanye banako ukwenza lo msebenzi, ngokunamathela kwi-algorithm ethile. Iyesithathu kwaye nonke ifuna uncedo lutitshala.

Uhlobo lwenkqubo yomnyuba

Le yimiba yesibini ekufuneka iyakuthatyathwa xa iphumeza indlela eya kumntwana. Ngokwezigqibo ezenziwa ngabaphengululi banamhlanje, iipropati ezivela kwinkqubo yesantya yomntu yi-genotypic ngokwemvelo.

Ngamanye amazwi, ayinakuguqulwa kwaye ayigxininise impawu yobuntu. Yingakho awukwazi ukuyihoxisa le nto.
Iipropati eziphambili zesistim se-nervous: ukuhamba-inertia kunye nobuthakathaka bamandla.

Uhlobo lokucinga

Oku kuyinkalo yesithathu kwaye kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba utitshala makangacinge xa eza kuphumeza indlela ethile kwinkqubo yokufunda. Abantwana, njengabantu abadala, basombulula imisebenzi abelwe yona ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Abanye babo banengqondo yokuhlalutya. Ufumanisa ukubonakalisa kwakhe ngokucinga ngokucacileyo. Omnye kulula ukucinga kwimifanekiso. Kule meko, ukucinga kwezobugcisa kubonakala.

Kukho abantu abanezixhobo ezimbini ezilinganayo. Kule meko, sinokuthetha ngokuvumelana kwengqondo. Ulwahlulo olukhoyo lwenziwa ngokubhekiselele kwi-asymmetry esebenzayo ye-hemispheres ye-cerebral. Oku kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ngutitshala, xa uya kubonisa indlela eyahlukeneyo kwimfundo yabafundi okanye abasesikolweni.

Ngoko ke, abantwana abanengqondo yohlobo lobugcisa baqala ukuqonda nayiphi na into ebonakalayo emva kokufakwa komsindo. Ekuqaleni, baxhomekeke kwimifanekiso kunye nokumelwa, kwaye emva koko bahlalutye onke amanqaku baze bafake izigqibo zabo.

Abantwana belo hlobo lokucinga baqala ukucombulula imisebenzi kunye nokulungelelaniswa kwamaketanga anengqiqo. Bahlalutya zonke izixhobo baze bacinge ngeempawu. Kwi-algorithm yabo yokuxazulula iingxaki, ukubonakalisa okunengqiqo kubonakala. Imibala engokomzwelo yeenkcukacha, njengomthetho, iwavimbela ukuba bacinge.

Indlela yokujonga

Le yowesine kwaye yinto ebalulekileyo, ithathelwe ingqalelo ngutitshala ngendlela eya kubantwana. Ukuqwalasela ukuziphatha komntwana, unokubona ukuba indlela eyaziyo ngayo ihlabathi elikujikelezile, unempembelelo enkulu kumgangatho wakhe wokulungelelanisa kuluntu, ukuphuhliswa komzimba kunye nempumelelo yokufunda.

Ngokunyamekela le nkalo, nangona uncinci, umntu unokucinga ukuba yiziphi iingxaki umntwana eza kujamelana nazo xa efundisa esikolweni. Ukwazi indlela yokukwazi, abazali, ootitshala, ootitshala kunye neengqondo ze-psychologists bangazakhela ngokufanelekileyo imidlalo kunye neeklasi kunye nomntwana. Oku kuya kwenza ininzi kwinkqubo yokufunda.

Ingqiqo yolwazi iyakubonwa, iyayizwakala kwaye ibuhlungu. Ekuqaleni kwabo imfundo yomntwana kufuneka iqhutywe ngenxa yokubona okubonakalayo ulwazi olufakiwe. Uhlobo lwabaviwa luthi zonke izinto zilula ukuba umfundi akhumbule ngendlebe. Abanye abantwana baqonda ulwazi kuphela ngenxa yemisebenzi yabo. Kwiimeko ezinje, sinokuthetha ngolu hlobo lwezinto ezinobungakanani bokujonga umhlaba ojikelezile.

Imeko ye zempilo

Lo mbandela ubaluleke ngakumbi kula maxesha xa umbutho wezemfundo noqeqesho lwabantwana abaneziphene kunye neziphazamiso eziphathekayo kuphuhliso lwama-somatic kuyadingeka. Kodwa utitshala kufuneka ahlale eqwalasela iziganeko ezinokwakheka kwengqondo kubantwana njengokwesaba nokuxhalaba, ukuzithemba kunye neentsholongwane. Ukunqongophala kwazo zonke iziganeko zeengqondo ze-psychophysical zithatha inkohlakalo enkulu kwimpilo yabo.

Utitshala kufuneka aqonde ukuba ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kubantwana kunokudibaniswa nezinto ezifana nale:

Izifo ze-somatic;
Iimpembelelo ekuphuculeni ngokomzimba;
Uxinzelelo kunye neendidi ezahlukahlukeneyo ezichaphazelekayo eziphathelele kwiimeko zoluntu zobomi.

Impawu ze minyaka

Yintoni enye into enokuthi inokuthathwa ngutitshala kwinkqubo yemfundo? Kufuneka akhumbule ukuba ekuphuhlisweni komntu ngamnye kubonakalisa iimpawu zakhe zeminyaka. Ngokuxhomekeke kwiminyaka edlulileyo, kukho utshintsho ekucingeni komntu, uluhlu lwemfuno kunye neemfuno zakhe, kunye nokubonakaliswa kwentlalo. Kwiminyaka nganye kunemiqathango ekuphuhliseni namathuba. Ngokomzekelo, imemori kunye nobuchule bokucinga buninzi bunwetshiswe kakhulu kwixesha lezingane kunye nentsha. Ukuba oku kungagqithwanga kwiinkqubo zemfundo nokukhuliswa, ixesha liya kulahleka. Ubuchule beli xesha lokusetyenziswa kwixesha elizayo kunzima kakhulu. Kodwa ngelo xesha, utitshala akufanele ahambe kakhulu, echaphazela ukuphuhliswa kokuziphatha, kwengqondo nangokwenyama yabantwana. Kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ubuchule bomntu bomzimba.

Zemfundo

Iingcali zanamhlanje, ezisekelwe kwiziphumo zophando, zenze isigqibo esinqabileyo. Bachaza ulwalamano oluchanekileyo phakathi kokukhula komzimba, ngokomzimba nokuziphatha komntu. Iyokuqala yazo ichaphazela ukubunjwa komlingiswa wobuntu. Ukugqibelela komzimba kuvumela amalungu, amehlo kunye neemvakalelo ukuba ziphuhlise. Ukongezelela, ixhomekeke ngokubanzi kwimfundo yokuziphatha nemisebenzi. Ngexesha elifanayo, umsebenzi osebenzayo uxhomekeke kwimpilo yomntwana, kunye nakwezinye izinto.

Imidlalo eyenziwa nabantwana igalelo ekuqiniseni ukuthanda kwabo, ukuqeqesha, intlangano nezinye iimpawu zokuziphatha. Imfundo yemvelo idibene nemfundo yobugcisa. Ukuzivocavoca okwenziweyo kwenza umzimba ube mnandi. Ukunyuswa kwabantu kuhamba phambili. I-posture ne-gait zichanekile.

Ngendlela ethile yemfundo yempilo, abantwana bavuswa ukuba banomdla kwiminyango esebenzayo yangaphandle, ukufumana izakhono zenkcubeko kunye nococeko, njalonjalo.

Imfundo yokuziphatha

Ubuntwaneni kunye nentsha, abantwana bahlakulela imigaqo yokuziphatha. Bafumana amava okuziphatha kwaye bahlakulele isimo sabo sengqondo kubantu. Ukuthatha ukukhuliswa komntwana ngokuziphatha, utitshala unokuchaphazela ngokuphawulekayo ukwakheka komntu kunye nokuthanda komntwana.

Isiphelo

Ekuphuhliseni umgaqo womntu ngamnye ekukhulisweni nasekufundiseni abantwana, utitshala kufuneka azi:

1. Izixhobo zempilo yengane kunye nemeko yomzimba. Kule nkalo ezininzi kuya kuxhomekeka kwingqalelo yakhe kwisifundo, isifundo kunye nokusebenza ngokubanzi.
2. Impahla yememori, iimfuno kunye nokuthambekela kwabafundi. Ukuthatha ezi ngqalelo kwiinkcukacha, kuba lula ukuphumeza indlela yomntu ngamnye, ukulayisha ngaphezulu kunye noqeqesho olongezelelweyo kunye nokuncedisa obuthathaka.
3. Ngokwengqiqo-imimoya yabantwana, ukutyhila abafundi ngokuphendula okubuhlungu ukuthetha nokunyusa ukwanda. Ukuqonda ubunjani bomntwana kuya kuvumela intlangano efanelekileyo kwimisebenzi ehlangeneyo.

Ulwazi kuphela lwezinto eziphuhliswayo ngabantwana ngabanye, ezifunyenwe ngutitshala ngokusukela ekuhlolisweni kwazo zonke iimeko, ziya kudala iimeko eziyimfuneko yokusetyenziswa kwazo ngempumelelo kwinkqubo yokufundisa nokukhuliswa.