Indlela ububazi isiseko? Oomatshini kunye nemithetho

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, abaninzi iphupha ukwakha ikhaya labo iphupha, uzicwangcise izinto zayo ezicwangciswayo kuxhomekeke zakho, Ahlale kulo kamnandi ixesha elide kangangoko kunokwenzeka. LeZiseko zokuFunda kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ekwakhiweni kwendlu, kuba umisela kuphela indlela iya kuhlala isakhiwo, kodwa inqanaba ukhuseleko abahlala yayo. Umgangatho isiseko, ke, ichaphazela kuphela grade eziphathekayo, kodwa wezifundo. Ukuba ukwakhiwa indlu kucwangciswe izinto zale mihla kunye ubunzima ephantsi, iimfuno ezizodwa isiseko apho, kodwa xa kusakhiwa isakhiwo multi-esinemigangatho ngezinto ezomeleleyo, Ukuqinisa isiseko umele, ekubeni isakhiwo kuya kudala umthwalo ngokwanelisayo enzima. Ngoko ke, wonke umntu uceba ukwakha indlu, ukuba ukwazi ukubethelela njani isiqwenga isiseko ngezandla zakhe.

Yintoni efunekayo ikhondo lomsebenzi?

Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka ukwakhiwa isiseko ngakumbi, kuqala kufuneka ukulungiselela zonke izixhobo eziyimfuneko.

Xa inkqubo umsebenzi, kufuneka ube:

• ngokufaka isikere;
• Bulgarian;
• ga;
• isando;
• mqukumbelo plastic;
• izinto zokubopha ezizodwa;
• okuphumelela;
• machines ukugoba unyanzeliso;
• steel wire;
• omfisha metal;
• umlobothi wakho.

Ukongeza izixhobo, kucetyiswa ukumisela umyalelo kwangaphambili elo iteknoloji uya kusebenzisa ukunitha. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukugotywa rebar kunokuba ngesandla okanye ukusebenzisa oomatshini ezizodwa, nto leyo enokukwenza ngokwakho ekhaya.

Umatshini Production for ukusonga

Ngomhla umbuzo ukuba kuyimfuneko ukunyanzelisa iziseko, siye sagqiba, ukuze ngoku uyakwazi ukuthetha, indlela yokuyenza. Into yokuqala kufuneka wenze umatshini okhethekileyo, nto leyo eza lula kakhulu umsebenzi. Kuba imveliso yayo kuya kufuneka zentsimbi ezimbini ityhubhu lama-20 kunye ubude 0.5 mm kunye manzi 1, ngokulandelelana.

Koko nje ulandele le miyalelo ilandelayo:

1. Ityhubhu-kangangesiqingatha semitha ukungena imingxuma ezimbini 5 cm, phakathi ezishiya 1.5 isentimitha.
2. Ityhubhu uyaguqa kwi-engile 90 kwaye zimiliselwe isiseko esiqinileyo.

Ukugoba imivalo kulula na umatshini a self-eyenziwe enjalo. Enye isiphelo lifakwa ityhubhu elifutshane, kunye nezinye - elide, kwaye ngoko ke intonga uyaguqa kwindawo esinekona sasekunene. Oku kuya kuvumela lula kunye ubuncinane inani imigudu ukwenza iziseko ethembekileyo elide luqiniswe ngezandla zabo.

armature iyabophelela

Uchitha base luqiniswe iqala nezilinganisi ukusukelwa, apho kuyimfuneko ukuze kweentonga ezo fixedly idityaniswe omnye komnye, yaye isiseko elizayo waba robust ngakumbi elide. Bebandakanyiwe nokuqiniswa ngeendlela ezahlukahlukeneyo, nto leyo eza kuxutyushwa ngakumbi.

indlela enye

Oogqirha abaninzi ukuthetha ngendlela ukubethelela kakuhle isiseko, sebenzisa ucingo ukulungiselela izixhobo ukunitha. Oku kungenxa yokuba le ndlela yeyona ilula kwaye ngokukhawuleza. Oku kusekelwe yokuba kweentonga ezo nto zibambene nayo inxalenye dvadtsatisantimetrovymi of ngocingo. Nangona kunjalo, oku kuya kufuna igwegwe okhethekileyo, ngawo kulula kakhulu ukuba qinisa ucingo.

indlela ezimbini

Enye indlela eqhelekileyo ukuluka yi iintonga uqhagamshelo umboniso ezizodwa, apho unako ukuthenga kuyo nayiphi na ivenkile ezikhethekileyo. ekupheleni ngalinye ikliphu ukhwele isikhondo wayo, nto leyo uxhulumaniso kakhulu.

indlela ezintathu

Indlela ukomeleza isiseko, ngoko ke uya kufumana i ethembekileyo ixesha elide? Ngokuba lo Umz efanelekileyo ndawonye, ukuze Isakhelo okuhlala ngakumbi. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile kakhulu ukuba ugcine ubude othile ukudibana. abakhi abanamava bathi ukuba kufuneka ungabi ngaphantsi kwe-amathathu ngobubanzi armature.

indlela yesine

Ukuba isakhiwo unzima kakhulu kwaye kulindeleke umthwalo enkulu phezu kweli litye lesiseko, wento ekwakheni oyena yi welds. Ngoko technology welding kuxhomekeke sangqa kweentonga ngentsimbi ye. indima ebalulekileyo kule mdlalo kunye nohlobo wezifundo. Kungcono ukuba uthenge ekupheleni iintonga exabe, njengoko zibonelela adhesion engcono eziphathekayo.

Iintlobo iziseko abafanelekileyo ukuba Ukuqinisa

Phambi kokuba uqale, kufuneka kuqala siqonde ukuba ukubethelela njani isiseko. Ngoko kuyimfuneko ukuba afumanise oko iintlobo iziseko zixhomekeke unyanzeliso.

Ukususela namhlanje, ungenza ukwandisa amandla isiseko ntlobo zilandelayo:

• columnar;
• nebhanti;
• Plate.

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba isiseko kweentlobo ngamnye uneempawu zawo kwaye ngakumbi ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, ngoko ke kufuneka achaze kumntu ngamnye kubo.

base ukuqinisa columnar

Indlela ukubethelela iziseko uhlobo columnar? elula kakhulu. Kuya kufuneka iintonga 6 exabe isiseko sangqa-12 mm, kwakunye iintonga eqhelekileyo 6 icandelo mm ukuze zikwazi ukukhwela. Kugunyaziso kufuneka kwenziwe ukuze emva ukuthululwa kweentonga concrete ezivelileyo kuyo nge-10 mm.

Ukuqinisa tape base

Abantu abaninzi abanomdla umbuzo indlela zephetshana isiseko lwesamente. Oku kungenxa yokuba olu hlobo siseko yeyona ixhaphakileyo ngenxa lula lwaso ukwakhiwa. Valve kulo mzekelo elibhalwe ngokuqhelekileyo ngokwemaleko, inani elandelwayo exhomekeke imilinganiselo kwisiseko monolithic. Umgama phakathi kweentonga abe ukusuka cm-15 ukuya kwengama-25.

Kwiimeko ezininzi isiseko tape ineenkalo 400h500 mm. Xa abalwazi kuyimfuneko ukuba siphumele 100 omise kunye kwicala ngalinye wenqwelwana. Xa ngokubekwa iintonga therebetween ushiye malunga nama-35 cm.

Ke kaloku, ukuze wazi ukuba balomeleza ngayo kakuhle estrip lesiseko, kodwa amandla isiseko kwaye ihlala zixhomekeke uhlobo kunye nohlobo unyanzeliso eziphathekayo. Kungcono usebenzise umxube ngekhonkrithi exabe namandla eliphezulu.

Kugunyaziso ngokutsha slab isiseko

isiseko ithayile unawo amandla esekugqibeleni, ukuze, kufuneka unyanzeliso xa obegalelwe. Kulo mzekelo iintonga kufuneka ebotshwe ngokusebenzisa namalungu welding. Naziphi na ezinye iintlobo ukunitha ayifanelekanga ngenxa yokuba abakwazi ukunika amandla nokoma yesakhelo ngokwaneleyo. Ukongeza, i-lesiseko ungaphulwa, ivelufa kufuneka ukuntywiliselwa ngokupheleleyo kwi eziphathekayo.

Okuye kwabethelelwa slab ukuze bafumane isiseko qualitative, nezinyuko zayo kufuneka 300 mm kunye amathuba phakathi kweentonga nkqo kwaye tye mayingagqithi 350 mm. Ukongeza, lisisiqalo ukusuka kungqameko slab akufunekanga ibe milimitha ngaphezu ezintlanu.

Ukuqinisa isiseko phantsi indlu: Tips iingcali

Wonke umntu ofuna ukwakha ikhaya zabo, cinga ukubethelela njani isiseko ngaphantsi kwendlu. Kwaye oku ayimangalisi, kuba sekomelezeni isiseko kuya kuthintela ukunqamka isiseko. Nakuba kunjalo, kufuneka athathele ingqalelo bokuqonda ezininzi.

Ukuba isiseko kuya kuba ukumelana ephantsi, ngoko kukho imingcipheko eyongezelelweyo isakhiwo. Ukongeza, xa agalele isiseko eziphathekayo kufuneka inikwe into yokuba le nto umntu ductility ephantsi kakhulu, ngoko phantsi kwempembelelo iimeko zangaphandle engakhiyo isiseko isoloko gqitha umbilini.

Ukuba uhlala kummandla kunye nemozulu embi, nengqele ngokuqatha ukwabiwa ngokungalinganiyo umthwalo kwisiseko kungakhokelela ekubeni kwisiseko iza kutshintsha imilo yayo, kunye nesakhiwo ngokwayo iya kukhokelela.

Kuphephe zonke ezi ngxaki ziza luncedo balomeleza isiseko ngaphantsi kwendlu, kuba sele amandla phezulu kwalo, yaye akatshintshi ukwakheka kwalo yaye akayi zonakalisa naphantsi imithwalo eziphakamileyo.

nokubethelela iindlela

Nokuqiniswa kwisakhiwo isiseko zokuhlala kuba ethe nkqo nethe tyaba. Uhlobo yesibini negalelo kunikezelo umthwalo efanayo abangaphezulu emhlabeni. nokuqiniswa nkqo isetyenziswa njengenyathelo ezongezelelweyo ukulungiselela ukwandisa amandla siseko.

Inkqubo yandisa base phantsi indlu

Ngoko ke, indlela ukubethelela isiseko isakhiwo yokuhlala? Inyathelo lokuqala yoMgaqo ikamva isiseko kubalwa. Iya achole armature olulingana efanelekileyo. ukubala ngokuzimeleyo umthwalo eya kudala isakhiwo phezu kwesiseko, kunzima, ngoko ke kungcono ukuba sifune uncedo yeengcali.

Xa izibalo nigqibelele, unako uqale zokwenza ifreyimi imveliso, nto leyo lwenziwa ngokulandelelana ilandelayo:

1. Ukukhethwa nokuthengwa kwezixhobo.
2. izixhobo ikwenze kwiintlangano. Ukuze ufumane isakhelo ubuninzi eyomeleleyo ixesha elide, nezihlanganisi ngcono iintonga komphetho welding.
3. Inxalenye esezantsi umzimba yandisa umnatha yi welding.
4. Ukubeka isakhelo wezifundo.
5. Ukukhusela isakhelo ukusuka nefuthe elibi ngeemeko zokusingqongileyo, inxalenye yayo eliphezulu ngesamente.

Xa umsebenzi ziingcinga isidumbu iza kugqitywa, ungaqalisa eyothi isiseko lwesamente.

Ukuze wenze oku:

1. Lungisa indawo apho ukwakha indlu iya kwenziwa.
2. Wemba umhadi.
3. Beka umandlalo isanti.
4. Qhuba ukufakela formwork uzimele.
5. Galela isiseko eziphathekayo.
6. Linda okusula epheleleyo umxube bavelise unyango komhlaba.
7. Ukwakha isiseko.

Yakha umgangatho kunye nesiseko elide ngakumbi ukuba iya kuthabatha eminyaka, inokuba ngokucacileyo kuphela ukubambelela lo myalelo.

Iyakuxabisa malini na Ukuqinisa isiseko

Kunzima ukunika impendulo ecacileyo umbuzo kwayo iya kuxabisa malini ngokugalela isiseko kuqiniswe ngaphantsi kwendlu. Konke kuxhomekeke kuphela kumgangatho izixhobo, kodwa kwi neempawu zolwakhiwo sakhiwo. Ukongeza, kufuneka uthathe ingqalelo iindleko yofakelo, leyo akunakwenzeka ngaphandle nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezizodwa. Ukuba uhlala kummandla kunye nemozulu arhabaxa, okanye ukwakha indlu kwindawo nomgxobhozo, lo eziphathekayo Kucetyiswa ukuba ukongeza ongeziweyo ezizodwa ukwandisa intsebenzo wayo, ngokunjalo kubume ezinqwenelekayo ubushushu kunye amanzi, nto leyo, ugunyazisa ukuba iindleko ezongezelelweyo zezimali.

Kwathi kanti, kugunyaziso ngokutsha umsebenzi isiseko akuyondlwan 'iyanetha, kodwa yokwenene kakhulu. Okona kubalulekileyo, ngethuba ulwakhiwo ngqo imiyalelo engqalileyo uhlobo ngalunye loseko olusekiweyo. Ukongeza, ngexesha lomsebenzi kufuneka usoloko nigcine ukhuseleko.