Indlela ukuze ufumane isiqinisekiso ngolwakhiwo lokubeleka, yaye yintoni na wihi wayo?

capital Family (MC) - inkxaso-mali ilungiselelwe iintsapho ukuba babe nabantwana ababini okanye ngaphezulu. Ngezimali "umvuzo" lwenziwa yi mali yase. Esebenza inkqubo ukususela ngo-2007.

capital nomndeni kuphela umnini isiqinisekiso ekhethekileyo lobuqu, ogama iintshukumo eli gama kuphela. Ngaloo ndlela, ukusetyenziswa kwesiqinisekiso for capital lokubeleka akuthethi nayiphi elisikiweyo.

Injongo kokwenziwa kweprojekthi "capital sikanina" i:

• ukukhula demographic ekhuthazayo;
• isiqabu enkulu ukuqinisekisa imfundo le isizukulwana esitsha;
• ukuphucula izinto kakuhle-ntle kwiintsapho kunye ithuba intlawulo lwezindlu ezithengiweyo.

Xa unelungelo lokufumana izibambiso?

Phambi kufumana isatifikethi eyinkunzi lokubeleka, yaye ngokukodwa, ukuze bafaneleke ukufumana ngayo, qiniseka ukuba ufanelekile. Ukufaneleka le finpodderzhki uya kungena ukusebenza emva kokuba intsapho iye ezifunyenwe ubuncinane umntwana wesibini.

capital zokukhulelwa: indlela yokufumana isiqinisekiso?

Njengoko usazi, ukufumana inkxaso-mali federal kwindawo yokuqala kufuneka ube nezatifiketi zokhuseleko. inkqubo yokubhalisa ngaphezu ecacileyo. Emva kokuzalwa kwiimvuthuluka abazali kufuneka kwiintsuku ezingama-30 ukubhalisa umntwana kwi-ofisi yokubhaliswa ukuze bafumane isatifikethi sokuzalwa, ukuze kukhutshwe amaxwebhu kwi-ofisi yokundwendwela kwindawo yokuhlala okanye imvume yokuhlala.

Kunikezelo isatifikethi for capital lokubeleka lwenziwa ngokwesiseko nokungeniswa kwamaxwebhu kunye izicelo of sample ekhethekileyo ngentla, kwakunye yokundwendwela ukuba isebe lwengingqi Pension Fund ka-Russia (PFR), nto leyo isicelo naliphi na ixesha emva kokuzalwa komntwana.

Amaxwebhu Isiqinisekiso (capital maternity) ziphantsi kokuqwalaselwa yabasebenzi Pension Fund (ubuninzi iintsuku ezingama-30 emva kokungeniswa kwabo sicelo). Yaye kuphela emva kokuba olu qwalaselo isiqinisekiso yesazisi.

Iindlela zokhuseleko processing

• i-ofisi Pension Fund;
• usebenzisa iinkonzo zeposi (kulo mzekelo, isicelo yaye onke amaxwebhu afunekayo kufuneka kubameli).

amaxwebhu afunekayo

Ukwenza isiqinisekiso for capital lokubeleka kwenzeka ngokusebenzisa-mali yepenshini phambi maxwebhu alandelayo:

1. Isicelo sesiqinisekiso for capital lokubeleka. Ifom yesicelo ezibekwe ngurhulumente. Le fom ingafumaneka kwi Pension Fund ngqo kwi isatifiketi sobhaliso uwubeke kwi ndawo okanye ukukhuphela kwisicelo nge-Intanethi kwaye wenze ngokwakho ekhaya.

2. Uxwebhu nokuchonga-sicelo (njengoko umthetho, ipaspoti obuqwalaselwe-oomama) kwaye ubungqina bobukho-mvume lokuhlala kwi kummandla Russia.

3. Uxwebhu esiqinisekisa ubukho inshorensi yomhlalaphantsi enyanzelekileyo.

4. Olu xwebhu bubungqina ubumi Russian.

5. Isiqinisekiso Ukuzalwa komntwana okanye inkundla izigqibo wokwamkelwa komntwana.

Phambi kufumana isatifikethi for capital lokubelekisa, kufuneka wenze isigqibo ukuba uza kuchitha imali ikheshi, njengoko kwingxelo engeniswa kwi FIU, le nkcukacha kuza kufuneka ucacise. Ke ukuba loo nto ngokungakhathali, akhoo ezingachanekanga, ibango for capital lokubeleka odolo obhengezayo aziyi kuvunywa.

Ngubani na ongalubalayo Beyamkele i MC?

ummi Russian kunye nabangeneleli abahlala kummandla Russia, unelungelo lokuya kubeleka eyinkunzi. Indlela ukufumana isatifikethi, sele siza kuxoxa, makhe ukuchaza ngubani yaye oko kwiimeko ezithile, ngaba basebenze njengabagunyaziswa lwenkqubo 'capital sikanina ".

• umntu obhinqileyo, ukuba ngummi Russian Federation, izalwa ngubani okanye unina besibini yaba, eyesithathu, eyesine, eyesihlanu, njalo njalo d umntwana wesibini emva 01.01.2007...;
• abesilisa ngabemi Russian, aye njengoko adopter kuphela abantwana kwesibini, ukuba isigqibo senkundla efanelekileyo weza ukusebenza ngo 01.01.2007;
• uyise womntwana (zendalo okanye eyamkelweyo) ithandeka ngabemi Russian, kwaye ngaphandle kwayo, xa kuthe yokuphelisa ilungelo kwimo finpodderzhku abafazi ndizale (kwamkelwa) umntwana, ngenxa yoko, yithini, ukufa, ukuhluthwa amalungelo umntwana emva kokuzalwa, okuthe tye yena kuvelile, izenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho, into leyo esenziwa umntwana;
• umntwana oye attained the age of uninzi okanye elizeleyo ixesha labafundi, ogama yobudala asidluli iminyaka 23, xa kwimeko yokurhoxiswa ilungelo uncedo olongezelelweyo federal ezikumila zemali kayise (umzali njengowabo) okanye unina (adopter obhinqileyo), ngubani na ngumzali omnye.

ezifunekayo ukuze kukhutshwe

Fumana isatifiketi for capital lokubeleka kunokwenzeka kuphela xa kukho inani mfuno:

• inani labantwana intsapho - ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu;
• akukho bungqina nokusetyenziswa kwamalungelo izibonelelo ezongezelelweyo amanyathelo ukuphucula iimeko zokuphila, ukufumana iinkonzo zemfundo, ukukhulisa umhlala-phantsi;
• phambi umama kunye nomntwana olungekazalwa lobumi Russian - efunekayo;
• abazali baby akukho izigwebo zolwaphulo ubugwenxa kwabantwana;
• ukufumaneka amalungelo lobuzali ukuba abantwana babo - kuyimfuneko;
• yobudala yomntwana ngexesha soguqulo kwi-ofisi lwengingqi RPF - hayi ngaphantsi kweveki emva kokuzalwa.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ummandla Russian Federation yakhupha isiqinisekiso for capital lokubelekisa, umfuziselo yayo eboniswe ngezantsi.

Izizathu phantsi ukuba likhuphe uxwebhu eqinisekisiweyo uza kuyinikwa

• data ulwazi Ukungathobeli ekubhekiswa kwingxelo leyinene.
• Kukho into yokuba uthintelo amalungelo lwabazali ye-sicelo ukuba umntwana wokuqala.
• Ukuzama ukufumana capital ngosana okwesihlandlo sesibini.
• Ukupheliswa lwamalungelo sicelo eyinkunzi losapho (okanye ukungabikho kwabo) njengenyathelo zongezelelweyo zenkxaso izinto evela kurhulumente.

Ukuba abasemagunyeni RPF wagqiba ukwanelisa isicelo kunikezelo MC, kufuneka bayeke - kufuneka ukuba alwe. Amabali iimeko apho ilungelo lokuba isiqinisekiso karhulumente kwi eyinkunzi umzali kwaba yi-ofisi yomtshutshisi. Kwimeko nganye yahlukile, isicelo ngasinye ngazo ngasese, ke xa ngaba uyalelwa kwixesha lokuqala, ukufumana isizathu kwaye angenise isicelo yaye onke amaxwebhu ahamba kwakhona kwaye kwakhona, xa uthe wala - nceda uqhagamshelane amagunya aphezulu kunye nobulungisa.

Amacala kwentlawulo: okuhambisa ngexesha

Ukususela kunyaka nonyaka mali lwenkunzi yosapho yaye sisenokutshintshwa.

Olwenziwe indexation ngokuxhomekeke imeko yezoqoqosho kweli lizwe kunye kuneqondo lokunyuka kwamaxabiso.

Qwalasela inqanaba indexation kunye nemali eyinkunzi usapho iminyaka, ukususela kunyaka-mali.

Dynamics of utshintsho kubungakanani data MC
period	Izinga indexation	ubukhulu MK
2007	-	250,0 ths. Engange.
2008	10,5%	276,250 amawaka. Thambisani.
2009	13,0%	312,162 amawaka. Thambisani.
2010	10,0%	343,378 amawaka. Thambisani.
2011	6.5%	365,698 amawaka. Thambisani.
2012	6.0%	387,640 amawaka. Thambisani.
2013	5,5%	408,960 amawaka. Thambisani.
2014	5.0%	429,408 amawaka. Thambisani.
2015	5.0%	450,878 amawaka. Thambisani.

Indlela yokusebenzisa

capital zokubelekisa njengoko ngenkxaso urhulumente ukhuselwe ngumthetho, njengoko apho wenza ukusetyenziswa indlela uncedo lwemali. Injongo yokucakaca indlela - ukungamkelwa ithuba imali-ngendlela, urhwaphilizo kunye nokuxhatshazwa kwabantwana usiqeqeshela okusilungeleyo, ngokunjalo nokuphucula ukusebenza ngobuchule ukusetyenziswa kwe-MC. Ngokusekelwe kwi-mthetho, ukuba isitifiketi (family) capital umzali ifunyenwe, kufuneka isetyenziswe emva kwethuba leminyaka emithathu. Noko ke, ngo-2009, kuthathelwa ingqalelo imeko lobunzima kwisigaba noqoqosho lweli lizwe, urhulumente uye wenza ukuba ukusebenzisa i MC okuhlawula izibophelelo ngetyala kwi mortgage msinyane nje kokuba sekukhutshwe isatifikethi.

Umthetho ubonelela kwiindawo ezininzi apho unokuchitha non-cash esebenzisa isatifikethi.

1. Ukuphucula iimeko zokuphila. Kuyaqondakala ukuba capital ntsapho ukuba ezichithwa yokuthenga izindlu okanye ukwakhiwa.

Oku kuquka igalelo kweemali ukubuyekeza iimfanelo amboleke inkqubo zokubambisa okanye amboleke imali yokuthenga izindlu, nokuba nenxaxheba ekwakhiweni op kwezindlu. Kulo mzekelo, kufuneka ukuba athobele loo miqathango:

- wathenga yokuhlala okanye indawo yokuhlala, ohleli phantsi kusakhiwa, kufuneka ibe ngaphakathi kurhulumente Russian;

- mboleko sokubambisa kufuneka kukhutshwa akukho omnye wabalingane, kwaye zombini.

Non-mali karhulumente aid kuvumelekile ukwenza ibe intlawulo okokuqala mboleko mboleko ukuze abuyisele izibophelelo ngetyala okanye kusetyenziswa iimali ezongezelelweyo xa uthenga indlu. Apho hle imali - isigqibo. Ukuba sele bathenga indlu, kwaye nento mortgage liboleke abanye, ithuba lokwenza i-MC njengesifundo njengegalelo ukubuyekeza liziko logcino nje ngabanye. Kusenokwenzeka ukuvela ezinye iingxaki.

2. Intlawulo kwiinkonzo zemfundo yabantwana enye okanye ngaphezulu. capital Zokubeleka isebenze nokuqinisekisa ngemfundo.

Ngelo xesha abe owaphumelela unethuba njengamntu mnye, kwaye bonke abantwana entsatsheni.

Iimfuneko ekufuneka ifezekisiwe:

- iziko lemfundo kufuneka libe phakathi kwelizwe;

- iziko kufuneka ube kumgangatho ofanelekileyo yoqinisekiso;

- udidi ubudala-sicelo kufuneka ndingenguye iqela "25+".

Isiqinisekiso iinjongo zemfundo ingasetyenziswa nangaliphi na ixesha xa kukho imfuneko yoko.

Ke ukuba iziko lemfundo, ukhetho libanzi kakhulu;

• imfundo ephakamileyo;
• College;
• Izabelo;
• izakhiwo zesikolo;
• College;
• iziko uthole.

Isiqinisekiso Amaxwebhu (capital kubeleka), ukuba kwicala lokusetyenziswa ekujoliswe uncedo-mali sele efumana iinkonzo zemfundo, kufuneka oku kulandelayo:

• ingxelo kwi yokulahla engango ngencwadi ebhaliweyo;
• isiqinisekiso for MC;
• uxwebhu ezingqina ubukho inshorensi pension mandatory umntu, nto leyo ke umnini wesiqinisekiso;
• ikopi eqinisekisiweyo kwekhontrakthi ubonelelo ngeenkonzo zemfundo omnye okanye kwelinye iziko ngesiseko owabhatalayo;
• isivumelwano sengqesho indawo abahlala ehostele kunye nokuchongwa iintlawulo zenyanga kwaye isixa esipheleleyo ukulungiselela ixesha lonke uqeqesho kunye nexesha lokufumana intlawulo;
• uxwebhu esiqinisekisa umfundi yokwenene zokuhlala kwiziko lemfundo (Reference);
• kwisivumelwano umxholo itakane epriskuli (iimvuthuluka umxholo intlawulo enkulisa).

3. Ukunyuka inxalenye inkxaso ye kwezibonelelo zomhlalaphantsi koomama. MK mali esinokusetyenziselwa component inkxaso ye pension oyinkazana. Kule meko kuthetha kuxhomekeke ukufakwa kwi-mali yomhlalaphantsi.

Umzekelo, ukuba ngaba niyavuma esilichitha kwezemfundo MK mortgage intlawulo inxalenye elinganayo, isixa-mali ka-zoncedo likarhulumente wohlulwe ezimbini mazigqithiselwe kwi Pension Fund ngokungqinelana iinkcukacha enikwe kwisicelo. Xa imali uncedo imali karhulumente sele echithe ngokupheleleyo, i-FIU uya kwazisa ukupheliswa ilungelo chaza inkxaso lomnini isiqinisekiso.

Kwimeko apho njengendlela yokusebenzisa capital usapho obuxhasa nokudalwa inkxaso a ipension yabasebenzi koomama, izibambiso mqulu kufuneka ziqulathe:

• Inkcazo ngokomyalelo, eya kuqulatha ulwazi kwiindawo eziphambili inkcitho mali MK;
• uxwebhu eqinisekisa ilungelo uncedo-mali karhulumente - isiqinisekiso;
• amaxwebhu oluchaza ukuba lo mntu yaye engqina indawo yokuhlala yomnini a yesazisi.

Ukuze imali beningaba kwaye ukuchaza iindawo ezizikhethileyo kufuneka ubuyele kwi Pension Fund kunye isicelo nokulahlwa MC.

Indlela imali eyinkunzi maternity isiqinisekiso okanye athengise ngayo?

Cash and athengise eyinkunzi lokubeleka akunakwenzeka. Oku akuvumelekanga emthethweni, enyanisweni, kwakunye nokukhutshwa MK imali. Phezu kwako nje oku, ngakumbi nangakumbi uyakwazi ukufumana isaziso ekufunyanweni imali yentsapho. Kuthetha ntoni oku? Oku kuthetha ukuba Kucingelwa ekuqhubeni imicimbi wasentsomini kunye ukuthenga izindlu ezithengiswayo, apho omnye amaqela isivumelwano isalamane okanye umhlobo wosapho lwakho.

Izenzo ezinjalo zihlelwa ubuqhetseba, ngenxa yokwenza nxaxheba kwisivumelwano ukuthenga nokuthengisa ukuba ubulungisa.

Kutshanje, amatyala kwande xa capital ntsapho isetyenziselwa ukuhlawula le lokubolekisa yemali ngokusebenzisa njengabalamli. Uliqaphele ukuba idini zathi zavela encinane umyinge wenzala kunye ubuncinane amagama abuye MK.

Ngo-2009, kodwa wabonakala ithuba bakhupha imali eyinkunzi. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba imali ngaphandle isiqinisekiso (capital kubeleka), kubalulekile ukuba silindele ukuba bangene amandla izilungiso, nto leyo wangena umthetho ngenxa yemeko emaxongo kweli lizwe. Ngokuhambelana kunye ezintsha bonke abanini yesiqinisekiso ukuthembela ngexesha elinye-kwintlawulo yeemali zoncedo federal-mali ka-12 000 engange yemali. Kodwa awufani.

Umgaqo ikheshi ngokudibanisa iintlobo ezimbini uncedo, nelungiselelwe koomama - enye yezi ntlobo yoncedo olunje eyinkunzi umzali. Isiqinisekiso sokuzalwa na uhlobo yesibini lwenkxaso federal, kananjalo akanakho ukuba bakhupha kunye zokuthengiswa.

Ixesha ongu- iintsapho ezinkulu ukuxhasa imisebenzi inkqubo

I 'capital usapho "isebenza eRashiya ukusukela ngo-2007. Ngalo lonke ixesha sisekho layo, lo msebenzi ngendlela waqalisa izilungiso, izilungiso nezongezelelo. Ekuqaleni bekucingelwa ukuba le nkqubo iya kusebenza de 31,12. 2016 I-Government of abasemagunyeni Russian Federation baye ukukuchaza injongo yabo uxolela 2025 ngenxa ekusebenzeni. Kodwa okwangoku inkqubo liphelelwa, i-31.12.2016, okt isiqinisekiso for capital lokubeleka ngamana abo iintsapho, kokugqitywa esenziwa ukuya 01/01/2017, i

Ziziphi iinguqu eziye kufika phezu nkqubo ngo-2015?

Ngo-2015, inkqubo yokusebenzisa eyinkunzi usapho izilungiso nezongezelelo zenziwa, awathi:

• inxalenye ethile uncedo ekujoliswe kuzo iintsapho kunye nabantwana-3 okanye ngaphezulu, iyafumaneka ukuze bakhupha;
• ngamaxesha kozinzo kwezoqoqosho, oomama banelungelo lokufumana MC, ungakwazi ukufumana imali-20 000 engange;
• inxaxheba sicelo aluvumelekanga MK kumaziko microfinance;
• nsinya iimeko apho ityala nxaxheba lwentsebenziswano angalindela ukufumana uncedo-mali ekujoliswe.

Imibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo

• Indlela ukuze ufumane isiqinisekiso for capital kubeleka, ukuba usapho umntwana omnye?

Ilungelo lokufumana izibambiso kufuneka iintsapho kuphela apho abantwana ababini okanye ngaphezulu. Ngoko ke, ukuba usapho umntwana omnye, a uncedo lwemali karhulumente akufanelanga uzibe.

• Indlela ukuze ufumane isiqinisekiso for capital kwezobunina ukuba ndingowasemzini?

Ukuba ilungelo lokufumana i-MC iye ndaqonda ndingowasemzini, ingxowa-mali yomhlala-phantsi kufuneka angenise yokundwendwela engummi basemzini-mvume lokuhlala, isiqinisekiso sokuzalwa okanye obunye ubungqina sokubandakanyeka ubumi Russian bomntwana.

• Ingaba kukho naziphi na iindlela, ukuba akhuphe isatifikethi (capital kubeleka), ukuba iimeko abanelisekanga, apho ilungelo lokufumana i-MC?

No. Ukuba akukho ngxelo ziyangqinelana neemfuno ezisisiseko ukuze abhaliswe isatifikethi i-MC, ngoko irisithi yayo ayikwazi aziyi kuqwalaselwa. AmaBhunga FIU bayala ukwanelisa isicelo.

• Abahlala emaphandleni kumfaki-sicelo ukuze lwenkunzi lokubelekisa apho ukufumana isiqinisekiso?

Ukulungiswa kunye nokukhutshwa kweziqinisekiso ye MK benza kwi Pension Fund. Kufuneka uqhagamshelane ne-ofisi yesithili ekufuphi FIU.

• Ndingenza ntoni ukuba isiqinisekiso ilahlekileyo?

Ukulahleka isatifikethi for MC akuthethi kokupheliswa ilungelo lokufumana uncedo. Ukuba qhagamshelana neSebe Pension Fund, indawo yokuhlala kunye nokufumana idyuplikethi xwebhu.

• Ulwamkeleko lwamaphepha-capital usapho kwaye igama elithi "ukonakala" isatifikethi ukuya MC - enye kwaye ziyafana kusini na?

Hayi, ezi izinto ezahlukeneyo. Ukuba semthethweni capital maternity - osebenzayo elide le projekthi "capital sikanina" federal, leyo ngoku elungelelene kwiminyaka 2007-2016. Ixesha lokuba semthethweni isiqinisekiso kwi MC alipheli - ukufumana uncedo ubani, kungakhathaliseki ukuba zingaphi iintsuku, iinyanga okanye iminyaka emva kokuzalwa komntwana. sazo kuphela ixesha lekhefu ukuze azalwe umntwana kwesibini okanye iqalise le nkqubo wokwamkelwa.

• Indlela yokwenza ilungelo capital lokuya kubeleka (apho ukuba ezingqinisisiweyo, nendlela yokwenza oko), ukuba ndithe mna okwethutyana kwelinye ilizwe?

Ufumane isiqinisekiso for MC kwaye emva kufika ekhaya, eyona nto iphambili ukuba umntwana wazalelwa okanye eyamkelweyo ngethuba nokusebenza kwenkqubo, "capital sikanina". Kodwa umba asithabathele wona, ungakwazi kuphela kummandla Russian Federation kwi-ofisi FIU kwindawo yokuhlala okanye ubhaliso.

• Xa ufuna ukwenza isicelo senkxaso-mali ezongezelelweyo ekhoyo phantsi kwe projekthi "capital sikanina"?

Ingxelo leyo kuboniswe ulwalathiso inkcitho eyinkunzi umzali, uya kuba imizimba Pension Fund isebe ndawo emva kokuba umntwana ujika iminyaka emi-3 (seminyaka emithathu-elide ziya kuthatha indawo, okanye ukusuka kumhla wokwenziwa oonyana).

• Ngaba ndichitha imali ngosana ukuphumeza iithagethi ezininzi ngexesha elinye?

Ewe, unako. Imigaqo yokuSebenzisa kwemali eyinkunzi usapho kwakuthetha ukuba njengenye imimandla ekujoliswe (izindlu, imfundo okanye pension) yonke okanye inxalenye kumntu ngamnye kubo. Apho uya echithiweyo indlela apho share ratio kuxhomekeke kuphela umnini isiqinisekiso.

• Ukuba mali eyinkunzi lokubeleka zisetyenziselwa ukufumana indawo apho umthengisi uyithathaphi imali?

Le mali kwintlawulo umthengisi idwelisa i Pension Fund zingaphelanga iinyanga ezimbini emva kokuba yokufayilisha isicelo ahambelanayo, lobeka icala nokutyiwa mali eyinkunzi.