Indlela yokupheka nge-welding kagesi? Indlela yokupheka umgca wecingo nge-welding kagesi. Indlela yokubilisa isinyithi nge-welding yombane

Ngokuqhelekileyo kuyimfuneko ukudibanisa iinsimbi zetsimbi okanye iziqendu zeengxenye. Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokufumana umphumo ofunwayo. Indlela eqhelekileyo yokujoyina iinsimbi zensimbi kunye nensimbi yindlela yokwakheka kombane.

Yintoni e sekelwe kuyo?

Indlela yokupheka nge-welding kagesi? Ukuze siqonde umgaqo, kufuneka sikhumbule i-physics kwiprogram yesikolo. Enye yezingcingo zomshini wokulusa idibene nomsebenzi. Xa i-electrode iqhagamshelana nale ndawo, i- arc yombane ivela . Kwimeko yokudibanisa, ukuxinwa kubumba, ezaliswe ngetsimbi etyhidiweyo njengoko i-electrode ihamba. Imida yeengxenye zensimbi iyancibilika phantsi kwefuthe lokushisa okukhulu kwaye iya kuba yinto enye.

Iindlela zokutshitshisa kwe-Arc

Ukufunda indlela yokuphunga isinyithi nge-welding yombane, kukufanele ukufunda okuthile malunga nendlela ngokwayo. Umgama kunye nompompo ophezulu wokushisa kombane phakathi kwendawo kunye ne-electrode kuthiwa yi-arc. Kukho iindlela ezimbini zokudala le miqathango:

• Kwimeko yokuqala, i-electrode (ngokukhawuleza ichukumisa) "iyabetha" kwisinyithi, njengokungathi umdlalo. I-arc edibeneyo kufuneka igcinwe, iholele i-additive embalwa mm ukusuka kwindawo yokusebenza yesinyithi.
• Kwimeko yesibini, intonga ye-electrode kufuneka ifakwe ngokukhawuleza kunye nomsebenzi.

I-arc ebangelwayo akufanele iphume. Ukuba oku kusenzeka, ngaphambi kokuba i-welding yombane iqhubekele phambili, iiplanga kufuneka zihlambuluke. Ukungahoywa kwalo mgaqo kukhokelela ekubunzeni umgodi.

Kubaluleka kwamandla anje okwelusa

Ukubalwa kwamandla angoku ahambelana nobukhulu be-electrode kuya kubonisa indlela yokufunda ukulungiswa ngogesi. Ukuba akukho okwaneleyo okwangoku, i-electrode iya kubamba, kwaye i-arc iya kuphuma. Ngomhla omkhulu, isinyithi siya kutshiza kwaye sitshise. Ukuba usebenzisa i-transformer transformer, i-electrode kwi-1 mm ihambelana nomhla we-30-35 A. Xa usebenzisa i-electrode inverter electrode 3 mm ihambelana nokukhoyo kwe-80 A. Ukuba ukwandisa okwangoku, insimbi inokunqunyulwa.

Ama-electrodes akhethwe ngokubhekisele kwi-chemical composition of metal. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zezinto ezizaliswayo:

• Sensimbi;
• Bimetallic;
• I sinyithi yentsimbi;
• Ikopi;
• Brass.

Zonke ziphawulwe ngesalathisi kunye namanani, ebonisa ukuba isinyithi sokuba bunzima bunjani kunye nobunzima obunye uhlobo lujoliswe.

Xa ufunda indlela yokugcoba kakuhle nge-welding yombane, kufuneka ukhumbule ukuba ukufumana umgangatho womgangatho, i-electrodes kufuneka ifanise ubuninzi bensimbi.

Ukunyuselwa kweemafilithi ezicwecwe zetsimbi

Isinyithi (ukusuka ku-1 ukuya kwi-3 mm) sihlanganiswe ukuphela kokuphela ngaphandle kwezikhala kunye nezongezo, ukufezekiswa kwezinto ezintle ezihambelanayo.

Ukulungelelanisa bhetele amacandelo amaqabunga amancinci (3 ukuya kuma-8 mm), imida iya kunqunywa kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo. Shiya isithuba se-2 mm phakathi kwamaxwebhu. Ubuninzi bobubanzi obuyi-8 mm budibaniswa ngokulumala kwimbini. Ukudibanisa iiplanti ezinqamlekileyo, imijikelo iyanqunywa nge-bevel.

Ungaqala njani ukufunda indlela yokupheka isinyithi

Ukufunda indlela yokugungqa kakuhle nge-welding kagesi, kuqala ngeenkqubo ezilula.

• Izixhobo ezilungiselelwe zijoliswe kummandla ojikelezayo (kwitheyibhile yokuhambisa).
• Abaxhasi baxakeke ngeenxa zonke emacaleni nakwiziko.
• Kubalulekile ukufakela isongezo esitsha kumnini kwaye unamathele umbhoxo kwi-mass to the part.
• Ekuqaleni, sebenzisa ukuchithwa okuchanekileyo kwe-electrode (malunga nama-degrees angama-75) kwicandelo le-arc. Ngexesha elifanayo, kubalulekile ukuvelisa izithixo zokuthi, njengokuba kunjalo, zenze itsimbi etyhidiweyo ibe yintlangano.
• Ukuphela kwe-electrode kufuneka kuwele kwiziko lomsila. Ngenxa yokugcinwa kweemeko zeziganeko, amaconsi afakwe ngokufanayo kwi-electrode ye-incandescent kunye nesigxobo esisikiweyo senziwa ngumqulu olinganayo .
• Emva kokupholisa umsebenzi, kuyimfuneko ukurhoxisa i-slag ebusweni bendawo.

Ngexesha elide, njengoko amava afunyenwe, ama-seams aya kufumana ngokuchanekileyo nangokuchanekileyo nangokuchanekileyo.

Indlela yokwenza umgca wecingo

Indlela yokupheka umgca wecingo kunye ne-welding kagesi? Into ephambili kukuba uqale ngokulandela zonke iingcebiso. Ukunyuka kwee-seams ezihambelana nomsebenzi kufana nokusebenza ngokuzenzekelayo, nje kunzima kakhulu. Iibhentshini zibanjwe kwiindawo ezimbini okanye ezintathu. Emva koko i-welding iqhutshwa kuphela ukusuka phezulu, inamathele ukuhla kwehla. Kancinci, i-gap epheleleyo igcwele isinyithi eshushu. Indlela yokufunda ukupheka nge-welding kagesi? Umsebenzi ukudibanisa iimbombo zombini, ukuyibilikisa nge-arc welding, ngelixa ngexesha elifanayo ukuthumela amaconsi esinyithi ukusuka kwisitshixo esishisayo se-electrode kwisizwe samanzi.

Kunokwenzeka ukuba ulungise umgca ungabi ngamaconsi, kodwa ngo-othiwa "isibalo-sibhozo", nangona kunjalo, ingcali kuphela onokukwazi ukujamelana nale nto. Ngoko ke, ukuba kunomdla ukwazi ukuba ungayifaka njani umgca wokhuni kunye ne-welding yombane, kucetyiswa kuqala ukuba ukhangele umsebenzi womlondolozi onamava, phulaphula isiluleko samakhosi. Kwaye ke kuphela ngokuzimela ukuqala inkqubo.

Indlela yokwenza umgca wekhonkco ontle kunye onamandla

Akunjalo lula ukwenza okubizwa ngokuba yi "T-joint" "." Kulula ukuba ufunde ukupheka nge-welding electric. Le misonto isetyenziswe ukuba ufuna ukulungisa izicwangciso kwiindawo ezihlukeneyo. Izitho zensimbi zifakwe ukuze i-welding ihlasele ngqo kwikona. Uvalelwe "isikhephe" iinxalenye eziphezuweyo zibanjwe kumacala athile. Ukongezelela, omnye umda womsebenzi ophakamileyo uphuma phezulu. Inkqubo yokunyusa kufuneka iqalwe ukusuka kumgca osezantsi. Kule meko, ngokulandela ngokucophelela imiyalelo indlela yokwenza i-weld ngokufanelekileyo ngogesi, umgangatho wesikhonkwane se-welding unokuphuculwa ngokucacileyo.

Nguwuphi umshini wokumaketha olungele ukuyisebenzisa

1. Oomatshini bokunxusa bamandulo abanesiguqu segnetic gap, evumela ukuba ulungelelanise amandla okwangoku, aguqula. Kukho iinketho ezininzi kunye nemodeli eneempembelelo kunye nokunyuka okongeziweyo kwiinkalo eziphambili okanye zesekondari zabaguquli.
2. Izixhobo ze-Inverter Ukusebenza ukususela kwixesha elininzi, i-transformer yeeyunithi ezinomlinganiselo omncinci kunye nesisindo esincinci. Kwizixhobo ezinjalo, iimodi zokulumala zingaguquleka kakuhle. Ukulungiswa kwento yokugqibela kufuneka kwenziwe ngokucophelela, ngaphandle koko ifowuni inokukhawuleza iphumelele.

Ukunyuselwa kwemibhobho

Xa kungabikho amava, funda indlela yokupheka ibhobho ngokuxiliswa kombane, ngokukhethekileyo kwisinyithi esinyeneyo. Kuxhomekeke kubukhulu bodonga bombhobho, kudlula amaninzi. Ukuthungwa kwama-Multilayer kuphucula izakhiwo zomatshini zomthungo ofunyenweyo, uqhagamshelo luyaqina.

Okokuqala, weld i-semicircle kwelinye icala, ngoko-yesibini. Ngendlela yokuqhuba umsila "ukusuka phezulu" usebenzisa ama-4-mm e-electrode, anesipilisi senyama. Nge-arc emfutshane, ixhomekeke kwi-"visor" ephumela ekubeni, izibongozo zikhokelela ekuncincikeni okuncinci.

Xa usebenza kwi-"bottom-up" ndlela, ijubane linciphile ngokukhawuleza. Ukuqhuba ukuchithwa okujikelezayo kwe-electrode kwenziwa ngo-3-5 mm.

Xa ukwakhiwa kweengcingo zepayipi , kufuneka uqale ulungiselele kwaye usasaze zonke izinto ezikwiphepha le-welding okanye kwibhentshi. Emva koko zisekelwe kwaye ziqiniswe ukuze zifumane imvume yokudwelisa. Iimbumbano ezidibeneyo zibanjwe phakathi kwazo.

Iibhobho ezinomlinganiselo omncinci zixhunywe ngokunyusa okuqhubekayo, kunye nobubanzi obukhulu - indlela eyekiweyo. Emva kokugqitywa kwazo zonke iinkqubo zokumakhenkcela, indawo yokusebenza yensimbi ihlanjululwa kwinqanaba, i-sprays efriji, i-slag. Uhlolo lokulandela luqhutyelwa ukufunyanwa kwemichiza okanye ukutshisa, ii-craters ezikhulayo okanye izibonda. Ekubeni kukho izihlalo eziphethwe kakubi, ukubuyiswa komthunzi kuqhutyelwa.

Ukuze ukhusele ukhuseleko lwakho, kufuneka usebenze ngelixa ulusayo kwiiglavu kunye ne-mittens, kwi-mask ye-welder, kwizicathulo zesikhumba okanye ezikhuni kunye neengubo zekotoni. Isicima somlilo okanye isitya esinamanzi kufuneka sibe kufuphi.