Ukwakhiwa koNxibelelwano Iinkqubo zemihla yokupaka

I-teknoloji yokwakhiwa kwemida yobunjineli yatshintshisiwe yatshintshwa indlela eyedlulileyo. Ingasetyenziselwa ngokulula kwiimeko zokufikelela okulinganiselwe, umzekelo, kwisixeko esakhelwe ngeziseko ezingundoqo okanye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, ukwakha umbhobho ngaphantsi komlambo, elwandle. Iingcali zanamhlanje zifumene le ndlela yokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi.

Indlela ye HDD HDD

Ukugqitywa kwe-HDD yinkqubo yokwaziswa okungenammiselo kolwazi olunxibelelwano ngaphandle kokutshabalalisa i-pavement kunye ne-landscape yemvelo. Indlela yokulawula i-puncture ivumela ukubola imithombo ukuya kumitha engama-50 kunye nokubeka iipayipi ngobubanzi obuyi- 400 mm.

Ngaphambi kokuba uqale umsebenzi wokwakha, iingcali kufuneka zihlalutye ubukho bamanzi aphantsi komhlaba, zifunde iipropati kunye nokubunjwa komhlaba, kunye nezinye izinto ze-geophysical. Inkqubo yokuguqulwa kwe-HDD iqala ngokubetha kakuhle umqhubi, kwaye iya kwandisa ububanzi obufunwayo. Umqhubi wofakelo unako ukubeka iliso kwi-head head drill kwaye usethe i-angle yokuthambekela efunekayo, evumela ukuba udlulise iinkcukacha zokuxhumana ezikhoyo phantsi komhlaba kunye nezinye izithintelo. Emva kokugqitywa kwe-drill, iingcali zandisa umbhobho nge-tunnel, zilungise inkqubo eyiweyo kwaye zilungise intsimi.

Indlela engqiqweni yokubeka iipayipi

Ubuchwephesha obungenazintlu zokubeka iipayipi zithandwa kakhulu . Iindlela zokuganda okucwangcisiweyo, ukugqitywa kunye nokuncinciwa kwezinto ezincinci zinemivuzo eninzi. Ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezivelisayo, isantya sokwandiswa kokwakhiwa, inani labasebenzi abayimfuneko, inani lomsebenzi wokuqala kunye nenani lamaphepha amiselweyo ancitshiswa.

Ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi emibhobho engenakudla ngaphandle kwemida ayifuni ukuphunyezwa kwemigodi kunye nemisebenzi edibeneyo, ayinciphisi ukuhamba kwezithuthi kunye nabahamba ngeenyawo kwindawo yokwakha, ayiyonakalisi imigwaqo kunye neendlela, ezivumela ukugcina imali kakhulu (ukuya kwi-50% yeendleko zeprojekthi). Kwintlangano yemisebenzi yokufakela okuncinci okuvumela ukuba kwenziwe ukubeka iibhobho kwiindawo ezincinci zesiseko.

Izixhobo zokuganda ezihambayo

Iintlobo zeerigontal drilling rigs zihluke kwiindidi zeerameters: uhlobo, ubude kunye ne-angle yokubumba, uhlobo lokusebenzisa iigesi kunye nenjini, ukuxaka udaka, kunye njalo njalo.

Ukufakwa kwe-drilling engqambileyo yindlela ephezulu yokusebenza kunye namandla, ngelixa kulula ukuyisebenzisa. Izixhobo zivumela ukubeka iipayipi ngeenjongo ezahlukeneyo-iinkqubo zokuthuthwa kwamanzi, amanzi, igesi, iipayipi zeoli, ukuthungela amanethiwekhi kunye neendidi ezahlukahlukeneyo zeentambo (ugesi, ifowuni, i-fiber-optic). Ngaphandle kweemeko ezinzima zokusebenza, uchwephesha uphepha ngokukhawuleza nemisebenzi ebekiwe.

Zonke iiparameter ezibalulekileyo zokupaka zingasetwa ngaphambi kokuqala umsebenzi. Ngethuba le nkqubo, umqhubi unako ukulungisa idatha kunye nokubeka ulwakhiwo olufanelekileyo lweenkqubo zokuthuthwa kwamanzi, okuvumela ukuphendula ngexesha elifanelekileyo ngexesha lobunzima obudibeneyo.

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zokufakwa kwemibhobho yangaphandle

Iinkqubo zokubonelela ngamanzi ezinkunkuma kunye nezamanzi zakhiwa ngokusebenzisa uxinzelelo okanye ubuninzi bemipayipi eyenziwe ngezinto ezahlukeneyo. Ngenjongo yoqoqosho kunye nokuba kunokwenzeka ukuba kwenziwe ukuhlolwa okanye ukulungiswa rhoqo, umnatha weepipeline zangaphandle kufuneka ufumane ngokukhawuleza. Lo mbhobho kufuneka welulwe kwindlela emfutshane kakhulu, kunye nenani elincinci leendlela zokubambisana kwezakhiwo.

Iipayipi zangaphandle zibonakaliswe kwiingcinezelo ezibalulekileyo, ziyahlutha kwaye ziyafudumala kwaye zipholisa. Kumsebenzi wofakelo, umbutho wokwakha ungaqhubeka kuphela emva kokufumana zonke iimvume eziyimfuneko. Ibandla lenziwa ngamacandelo aphakanyisiweyo okanye iibhloko, ezenza inkqubo yokuhlanganisana, i-welding, ukusika nokubeka imipayipi enzima kakhulu. Ngako oko, ukufakwa kwe-intanethi yomnatha kubandakanya ukuthatha inxaxheba kwabaphathi bezakhono kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamacandelo ahlukeneyo, izixhobo ezizodwa.