Ingongoma eliphezulu Russia. ezintabeni Russia High

Ngokwembali, ukuba geography Russian odibanisa zombini eYurophu and Asia. Ke ukuba inxenye esentshona yelizwe phezu lehewu, ngaphaya phambene Mountains, phezu koko, ine ezinye kolundi enkulu intaba.

Uninzi ezintabeni eziphakamileyo Russia - neCaucasus. Abahloli zokuma elikwinqanaba abahlukeneyo okanye inxalenye yaseYurophu yehlabathi, okanye abe Asia. Ephakeme kunazo Alps - Mont Blanc (4810 m) - kuba kakhulu ngaphantsi 'okhuphisana' yakhe Russian. isigebenga abaseAfrika bubalaselayo ngeendlela ezininzi.

i ziphakamileyo

Ingongoma eliphezulu Russia - yintaba ebizwa ngokuba yiNtaba Elbrus, ukwakweli kumda Kabardino-Balkaria kunye Karachay-Cherkess Republic, uququzelelo 43 ° 21'11 "N, 42 ° 26'13" nobude obunga empuma. Peak ngokumila etsobhileyo, ifumaneka kumntla zaseCaucasus kwaye lubonakale noba amakhulu eekhilomitha.

eyahlukileyo mlilo-tops ezimbini lenziwa ngomhla basis ziitectonic plates. Ngamanye amaxesha ukuphakama kwiNtaba Elbrus ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo, njengoko kuthathelwa ingqalelo kuphela ezincotsheni. cone East (5621 m) ithathwa eselula kwaye imilo ezaziwa isitya mngxuma. West incopho (indawo eliphezulu Russia) ifikelela 5642 m, oko yamandulo ngakumbi yaye eyaphukileyo. Umgama phakathi apices emalunga neekhilomitha ezilishumi elinesihlanu.

ukwaziswa

Elbrus Liphumle, kodwa iinkqubo mlilo oko ame waqhubeka ukuphuhlisa unzulu 6-7 km.

Kumathambeka ezisezintabeni ikakhulu tyaba, kodwa ngokuvela abangaphezu kwe-4 km ye kwithambeka asondelayo degrees 35. izabelo asentshona nasemantla eziphezulu amawa ngakumbi, kumathambeka nkqo engumnqantsa ungaba kuze leemitha 700.

Ngaphezu 3500 mitha zigqunywe zomkhenkce olunzulu kunye ummandla uwonke 145 km ^2, esiphela ezantsi icefalls. Umoya efudumeleyo eziguqu abaseAfrika iintili meltwater ikhephu Elbrus CAPS zenze imithombo amahle kunye mmandla imilambo emikhulu - Malki, Baksan kunye Kuban.

Lots ukuba incopho ikhephu ezigqunywe zizele zamatye entlabathi.ame phezu ngamatye. Uninzi nasemaweni phezulu lenyengane, gneiss, diabase kunye nezinye iimveliso mlilo ngayo mandulo.

Elbrus njengendawo eliphezulu eRashiya Wasolula kangangamakhulu eekhilomitha ikhephu yayo kwaye qhwa ziyatyeba, izigidi zeminyaka limisela imozulu kunye imozulu asezintlanjeni, emazantsi eentaba, omninzi mmandla.

ukuphakama luhlaza

Indawo ezintabeni Caucasus kudala imeko umngeni ukuba climbers. inqanaba hypoxia awazo Tibet kunye malayas. Oku lihambisana amaqondo aphantsi kunye nemozulu arctic kwentaba Elbrus eko- top kufuna nokuvuselelwa onke amandla omzimba, ulwazi olunzulu kunye nezakhono ekunyukeni.

Ngokuba lixesha lokuqala kwinqanaba eliphezulu eRashiya boyiswa ngo-1829 yi uhambo ekhokelwa yi-General Emanuelya G. A. Hunter Balkaria - Ahia Sottayev - kuqala batyelela iincopho ezimbini, yaye xa wayeneminyaka eli-ikhulu elinamanci amabini ananye kwakhona ndakhwela entabeni. ngoku Elbrus uye waba eziqhelekileyo, kwaye kusenokwenzeka ukwenza iindlela ezininzi, kakuhle yenzelwe nolufikelelekayo. Peak iphakathi esixhenxe phantse wanqwenela yi climbers ukoyisa ihlabathi liphela. Kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba eli ngaphezulu singanyangekiyo ezahlukeneyo komkhenkce eziyingozi ithatha ngonyaka ubomi malunga 10 climbers.

liyana Elbrus

ezintabeni Ehle malihlale amaxesha ezidilikileyo kwi epics, amabali, iintsomi kunye epics. iintili Bright nezidubula Zinokuxutywa ikhephu kunye zomkhenkce namathambeka wamzalela enamatye. Nakwiimbombo ezifihlakeleyo kwiintaba nemiqolomba ezisemagqabini ezifihlakeleyo, esizakukhokelela abathandi uvumele. Resort kunye neekona Reserved Elbrus betha imithombo eyodwa yamanzi izimbiwa iyathandwa ngenxa yayo kwezonyango.

Iguqulwe kwi njengolwimi North Caucasus Elbrus yi "phezulu", "umkhenkce obungunaphakade intaba ulonwabo". Le kwincopho, ngokutsho legend, yaba ilizwe kuphela oseleyo emva koMkhukula Omkhulu. yokuba amileyo kwaye ubuhle ezintabeni eCaucasus bemnandi iimbongi, bacule kuye Pushkin A. S. kunye Lermontov M. Yu.

Ngoku, abakhenkethi kunye nabathandi Ukuskiya kunye adventure neeholide kunandipha phezulu kwi iiholide ethandwayo Russian.

Ngexesha leMfazwe Patriotic Enkulu kumathambeka aphezulu Mount Elbrus imilo yokwenyani. Ingongoma eliphezulu eRashiya yathinjwa amajoni aseJamani, kunye nezicwangciso Command lwamaNazi labizwa isigebenga elikhulu kakhulu kwemigodi yaseYurophu kwi "rush kaHitler." Noko ke, ubusika ka-1943, emkhosini wabhukuqa yiSoviet Army climbers izidalwa Elbrus.

intaba amawaka amahlanu eemitha

geography Complex esimbaxa nesindindeneyo of Russia elinye 71 eziphezulu, nganye amakhulu uphawu kweemitha 4000. Kwezi iincopho 67 ibekwe Greater eCaucasus, ezintabeni ezimbini ibekwe zeAltai, ezintathu - in eKamchatka.

Kuba amawaka amahlanu eemitha isebenza indawo eliphezulu Russia - Elbrus gorgeous, kodwa omnye iincopho ezisixhenxe eCaucasus.

Dykhtau - abaseAfrika incopho yesibini ngobukhulu (5204 m). Ngenxa steepness kwamathambeka, utyekelo ezinamatye kwaye komkhenkce yenye zincopho ebezicela umngeni kakhulu eRashiya. Ngoko yoyiswa iminyaka emininzi emva kwiNtaba Elbrus, ngo-1888. Dare onokunyuka aye entabeni kuphela climbers abanolwazi yaye iyatyhudisa.

Koshtantau -. Ukuphakama Incopho yeemitha 5152 phantse iincopho kakhulu ingafikeleleki zaseCaucasus Iintaba. Ndiloyisile kuphela ngo-1899. It has a ubuhle elikhethekileyo zomkhenkce naziiperile emangalisayo.

Peak Pushkin - ukuphakama 5033 m ibizwa imbeko kwimbaliyelizwelethu ukufa imbongi leyo .. Fantastically ephakathi iincopho ezimbini - East Dykhtau kunye nencopho Borovikova. Beautiful, enamandla ezibukhali iinqaba entabeni phezu kwezinye ntaba, climbers igama "gendarme".

Dzhangi-Tau - "New Intaba" ukuphakama kuyimitha 5085. Elise kumda ophakathi Russia kunye eGeorgia yinxalenye Bezengi iindonga, ukuba indawo yayo ephezulu. Kwincopho iingangamsha ithathwa ukuba Crest, uluhlu ntaba kwaye uphazanyiswa isihloko kakhulu lula ngokunyuka. Kuye phantse phezulu kakhulu zithandwa kunye climbers.

Shkhara. Okwangoku, ukuphakama entabeni ithathwa ukuba amanqaku ayi 5068, kodwa eli nani akukabikho lokugqibela. Oyiswe ngo-1888. Ngenxa ukwakheka kwalo engaqhelekanga, isakhiwo elikhethekileyo isikhundla uninzi abakhenkethi ingqalelo kakhulu intle kwiincopho, ezo zinokuhonjiswa intaba ephakamileyo Russia. Shkhara zodonga yakhiwa ngamatye granitic kunye ziikristale bahombise nemiqolomba kwincopho ethelekelelwayo nemiqolomba. Akumacala kwincopho ezibini kakhulu emangalisayo eCaucasus glacier - Bezengi kunye Shkhara kwiidreyini imilambo enomkhenkce kunye inkungu neengxangxasi ekupheleni. Nantsi ke umthombo Inguri River.

Legendary Kazbek - ikratshi zonke abaseAfrika. Ukuphakama 5033,8 m. Igama kuthetha ukusuka kwiilwimi ezahlukeneyo njengoko "ukunyibilika umkhenkce nentaba phezulu emhlophe." Enyukayo lokuqala ngo 1868. Oku kubhekisela mlilo yokulala. umsebenzi wakhe ngo-2002 kwakhokelela nentlekele Karmadon gorge.

Emiqolombeni yamawa Kazbek, kwintaba ephakame meters 3800, lo weemonki mandulo Georgian aseBhetelehem nesigcawu. Yaye ngokutsho kwebali le Chechens, ukuba lo lwentaba ethungelanayo Titan Prometheus.

Enekona Mijirghi - yokugqibela amawaka amahlanu eemitha zaseCaucasus naseRashiya. It iqulathe iincopho ezimbini: entshonalanga (ephakame 5025 m) kunye East (4927 meters) - ezimbini eveleleyo Ridge The Ridge entabeni.

Award ngenxa climbers

Ukuba yedwa bahlula indawo eliphezulu Russia (oku kwiNtaba Elbrus), nezinye iincopho ezisixhenxe eliphezulu eCaucasus, kunye iincopho ezimbini ngaphezulu, i-iintaba Federation wawongwa isihloko "Snow Leopard Russia".

Belukha Intaba (4509 m) lithetha "ezintathu-headed incopho Katun." emhlophe nentaba enkulu zeAltai Iintaba. It iqulathe iincopho ezimbini kwaye Izihlalo Belugas ubude ka-4000 m. Ngenxa yemozulu ngqwabalala Leyiseka kuphela ngo-1914.

mlilo esebenzayo yeyona ndawo iphezulu eRashiya kunye nelizwekazi eYurophu - Klyuchevskaya Sopka (ukuphakama litshintsha 4750-4850, emva kokuba mlilo ngo-2013 - 4835 m). Yoyiswa ngomnye yokuqala ngo-1788. It fanekisela emva komnye abangelwe mlilo. Mlilo kwenzeka ngokufuthi, ash ukuphakama ode waya kufikelela km-8.