Properties babbitt. Ubume, lophawu, imveliso kunye nokusetyenziswa babbitt

Eli nqaku Eyokuba ingxubevange okudalwe othengisa - oko malunga American Isaac Babbitt. . Yaba Babbitt owakukhuphayo umenzi ngo-1841, umvuzo 20 lamawaka eerandi evela United States Congress, waye yinguquko umsebenzi wakhe - othengisa baqalisa ukugxininisa aluminium. Babbitt wayesele elilodwa lomenzi ngo-1844 kwi-UK, kwaye ngo-1847 - kuBukhosi Russian. Okunqabileyo Isazinzulu umntwana eUnited States langoku, apho kusetyenziswa khona, kubiza nokuba yintoni na iimpawu uqinisekile ukuba ufunde on kangakanani.

Babbit - yintoni

Imbeko I. Babbitt igama ingxubevange zesinyithi ezintathu zibaluleke kakhulu ekwenziweni iibheringi - uzele babbitt etyhidiweyo yangaphakathi udonga steel ilungu shaft apho kwenzeka ngexesha ukujikeleza kunye kunobunye. Ukuveliswa sesayensi American unga nciphisa ngokubaluleka sithwele banxibe.

Ukubunjwa Babbitt thaca ezahlukeneyo etyhutyha, inkcenkce, kwistibhiya, ukukhokela nangobhedu. Ekubeni babbitt metal inezigaba zombini soft and hard of umi iipropati antifriction, anxibe ukuxhathisa. Made kulo iibheringi uvumelane snugly ukuya iintolo, esebenza ixesha elide.

Ixesha elichanekileyo ukusebenza lokuzala babbitt ixhomekeka Ebubanzini bumba kwi ngentsimbi ingxubevange kule wesampula maleko. I thinner oko, inxalenye elide kungenziwa eziqhutshwa.

iipropati babbitt

Sibala iimpawu eziphambili okuphawulekayo ingxubevange:

• izinto anti-zochuku - ukuxhathisa frictions (Buyisela iintshukumo ezifana 'apha naphaya ");
• nokumelana;
• yobulukhuni ephantsi (HB 13-32);
• kwalo;
• conductivity thermal phezulu;
• lobushushu yokunyibilika nezavyshennaya - 240-340 degrees Celsius;
• Ukwanda ingxubevange razmyagchaemost kwi-100 degrees Celsius (HB 9-24);
• landa kobulembu.

Eziluncedo nezingeloncedo babbitt

Ukuqwalasela iimpawu babbitt, thinta ngobuhle eziphambili kunye bawo. Ngu ingxubevange eziluncedo ziquka iimpawu zayo anti-zochuku kunye neenkcukacha ezigqwesileyo nokubaleka-in. Yenza ingxubevange kakhulu kwandisa ubomi wenkonzo lokuzala kwalo wayo - ngoxa esebenza babbitt umaleko microtubules kwakhiwa, nto leyo ukuya inxalenye lesithambiso.

Omnye, kodwa kunzima ephawulekayo babbits yabo xa bethelekiswa nabona ephantsi nezinye aluminiyamu amandla. Ngenxa yoko, kukho ifayibha loo kuphela yentsimbi uphose irobust ezongeziweyo, intsimbi okanye izindlu ubhedu.

Iintlobo kunye brand of ingxubevange

Species-mark babbitt iintlobo ezintathu - ngokuxhomekeke metal:

1. Calcium. Nangona isiseko wayo ingxubevange elikhokelayo ifumana igama layo njengenye yeekhomponenti - ekhoyo kwi ekwakhiweni njengoko calcium sodium. Ezi zinto esiwaphawula ngayo babbitt ixabiso ezingabizi kakhulu, ayinike a conductivity ephezulu thermal kunye mninzi. Kodwa ngoxa intsila eso oxidized ngokukhawuleza, ukuba akukho isongeza kwalo. Ngoko calcium babbitt kwiimeko ezininzi ezisetyenziswa ifaka of iiplanga iimoto, zombini imithwalo kunye umkhweli - apho kaninzi zitshekishwa zize endaweni ngokukhawuleza xa kuyimfuneko.
2. Tin. Sisiseko lo tin babbit, nto leyo eye inomlingani ophezulu kunobunye, ukumelana eliphezulu kukuwohloka ductility nokwanda nokumelana. Le ingxubevange imalunga kabini namandla akhe "bazalwana." Ngoko ke, olu phawu babbitt amangalele kubalulekile, nto leyo ebangela ukuba bomthwalo kunye nendima ebalulekileyo eyabelwe. intsimi yabo besicelo - i-phantsi zesantya Iimoto ezahlukeneyo. Ukongeza tin, ekhona kule ingxubevange kunye nickel okanye isiqalelo esithambileyo esimhlophe, okanye kwistibhiya nangobhedu. Igalelo elibi eli babbitt tin iya kuba nje ixabiso layo eliphezulu phakathi kwezi aluminium.
3. Lead. amacandelo ezithambileyo apha sikhokele, kwistibhiya - 87% ne-13% ngokulandelelana kule ingxenye. Okuqinileyo ingxubevange isiqalelo - eli crystal kwistibhiya (5% sele yabo bebonke). Le babbitt awabelwa luthambe, yaye ngenxa yokuba akukho kusetyenziswa ukuvelisa iibheringi kakhulu ilayishe. Noko ke, iyothusa into ezisa-lobushushu eliphezulu kakhulu zokufudumeza element. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba babbits ezinjalo ezithandwa kakhulu umhlwa. indlela yabo - iinjini diesel kweetrekthali kunye neemoto.

Izitampu kukhokelela babbitt - B16 (lead - element basic), BS6, BN (ilothe, inkcenkce, nickel, ikopolo, iarseniki, isiqalelo esithambileyo esimhlophe, kwistibhiya). Bona, ngathi itoti, wenza ngokungqinelana GOST 1320-74. aluminiyamu calcium kunxibelelana GOST 1209-90; iintlobo - yi BK2, BKA, BK2TS, BK2SH. Izitampu tin babbitt - B83, B83S (ukudibanisa encinci lead), B88. Movement B83, umzekelo - kuba yi-80% ye candelo tin lo, 12% WO, no-6% lobhedu, nge-avareji, 0.1% of bismuth, ilothe, intsimbi, iarseniki, aluminiyam. A B6 - i 88% ilothe, 0.3% ubhedu, 0.1% intsimbi, yinxalenye encinci zinc kunye esiyityhefu.

production ingxubevange

Babbitt iimpawu zixhomekeke ngqo kwi kumalungu ayo. Kuba kwemveliso kufuna kuphela imveliso yawo elements (okanye ukwenziwa isetyenziswe kwakhona materials), ngenxa yokuba - ngokupheleleyo ezenziwe ngabantu ingxubevange. Kuqulunqo babbitt - oku etshe, iihagu abanobunzima ngaphantsi kwama-22 kg. Kubo izinto uphose ilungisiwe ngocoselelo - ukucocwa, degreased. Xa mass ukunyibilika liyasuswa kumphezulu sprudinu - amagwebu eliyinjubaqa.

Production iphela etshe babbitt eyahlulayo. Ngamnye kubo mark urhwebo, igama lebrendi serial inani umboko sihleli. Abasebenzi zesityalo, eyenza kakhulu kwi iibheringi eyahlulayo, etshe ukulungele bunyibilike, izitena, wathulula babbitt kunyibilika ebizwa iqokobhe.

babbitt kwawe

Kuba ezi aluminiyamu zisetyenziswa njengoko iintsimbi zaseprayimari - ore elibalulekile nezizisekondari - ukunyibilikisa isinyithi. Ngaphandle iinkalo eziphambili adweliswe apha imihlathi, idityaniswa kwi babbits isiqalelo esithambileyo esimhlophe, iarseniki, isodiyam, tellurium.

Babbit B16, BN, B88 kunye nezinye uphoseke etshe (ingot), ebonakala ngokomthamo echazwe kakuhle. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuba komhlaba ingot leyo anayenza kwebandla incinane - lo mba ukuze ichaphazele umgangatho lokuzala.

Brand babbitt ikwachaphazela lobushushu yokunyibilika ingxubevange ngayo. Ngenxa yoko, kakhulu ethandwa B83 babbitt linyibilike kwi-240 degrees Celsius, nebhekile B83 - ngamaxabiso + 340-440 izidanga kwi kwisikali efanayo.

isicelo Okukodwa babbitt

Ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha zezinto eziphilayo ngamnye kufuneka eyakhe brand-babbitt intsila yayo:

• Idibanisa iibheringi intonga (piston ngokudibeneyo kwaye crankshaft) - uphawu BM. itrekta Used. Kufuneka kufakwe ezitsha ngalinye leekhilomitha amawaka.
• Main ukuzala - ukusetyenziswa babbitt B88 eyenzelwe ngokukodwa ngesantya esiphezulu, imithwalo eliguqukayo ophezulu. Ngoko ke, olu phawu lisetyenziswa iinjini eliphakathi-high speed diesel ukuze ngempumelelo.
• Iibheringi ukuba imibhobho yamanzi zaselwandle, isiguquli - uhlobo lwe BN, efanelekileyo ukuze imithwalo eliphakathi kunye ngezantya.
• oomatshini Heavy - iipropati babbitt B16 amahlelo efanelekileyo.

babbitt iindleko

Cinga ixabiso ingxubevange kummandla we-Russian Federation. Price kuxhomekeka kwiimpawu babbitt of brand yayo. Ngoko ke, ixabiso avareji lead babbitt B16 -. 350 amawaka engange / ngetoni nganye. iindleko B83 ingxubevange kwibakala - malunga 1.3 million engange / ngetoni nganye.

Ukuba sicinga market lokurisayikilisha, 1 kg babbit metal singathathwa ngexabiso eliphezulu 500-600 engange. / Kg. Ngokusisiseko, le aluminium abantu bathenga ukuba inganokutshatyalaliselwa yabo emva, ukususela iibheringi ezingeyomfuneko ngakumbi inokubangela umonakalo noqhekeko-bume kwakunye isiqalelo esithambileyo esimhlophe, ilothe, kwistibhiya - kuba ngokoqobo ityhefa uhlobo ezingqongileyo.

Babbitt aluminiyamu - hayi yenziwe mihla. Noko ke, namhlanje abantu ezifanelekileyo ukukhanda - oko kukuthi, ekwenziweni iibheringi. Kukho kungenxa yokuba oko babbits ixesha elide, banxibe-ukumelana, ngok tight akramnceleyo kwiinkcukacha, iqinisekisa cwaka yi zochuku kwaye ngenxa conductivity esezantsi thermal, ukuphelisa injini nobushushu. Ukongeza, abenzi zinika ezininzi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo babbitt, nganye lihambisana iintlobo ezithile njengoko ngokuzala, kwaye yonke oomatshini enjinini.