Njengokuba ke umntu: isakhiwo kwangaphandle nangaphakathi omzimba womntu

wenza indoda njani? Ukuze abantwana ukuba uphendule lo mbuzo ilula kakhulu. Kwaye ukuze aqonde le ndlela esimbaxa - ngakumbi njalo. Kodwa yonke emzimbeni womntu ngokuxhomekeke kwimithetho ethile.

Umzimba device

wenza njani umzimba emntwini? Umntu lo omzimba multicellular. Ngokwemiqathango KABLOOM emele uhlobo Chordates. Kwinqanaba lophuhliso osandul kwi notochord kuye kwasekwa, zemithambo ityhubhu kunye kumculo slits kwi pharynx. Ukuphuhlisa, ke similise lwamathambo, umnqonqo nengqondo, kwaye amalungu nokuphefumla ke emiphungeni. Njengazo zonke ezanyisayo, umongikazi omnye oselula zabo ubisi, a njengamasi, ukubila kunye namadlala sebaceous, noboya obuninzi emzimbeni kunye ukuyilwa ulusu horny.

Njengokuba ke umntu? Umzimba wakhe ubunjwe iiseli, nto leyo adityaniswa kwithishyu. Wokuhlangana nevuthisayo ngexesha ke, yenza amalungu. Noko ke, ngamnye kubo ngokwahlukeneyo akakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi entsonkothileyo kwiinkqubo zobomi. Ngoko ke, abasemagunyeni zimanyene kwiinkqubo nokomzimba kwaye zisebenza.

Ingakumbi iiseli animal

iiseli zomzimba womntu kufuneka isakhiwo eqhelekileyo zezilwanyana. Ba eukaryotic, ngenxa yokuba inucleus. Esi sakhiwo yeseli rhoqo iqulethe ulwazi yemfuza eziqulathwe iimolekyuli DNA. Xa uhlobo lokutya umntu heterotrophs. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, iiseli akakwazi chloroplasts plastids eluhlaza apho kwenzeka photosynthesis. Ezi organelles emikhulu mitochondria lysosomes, Golgi izixhobo, reticulum endoplasmic, cytoskeleton kunye centrioles.

Njengokuba ke umntu: iintlobo ezisisiseko izicwili zomzimba

amaqela iiseli sinezinto umanyano isakhiwo umsebenzi kuthiwa emzimbeni. Xa abantu, kukho iindidi ezine kwithishyu:

1. Epithelial - iqulathe iiseli ezincinane, exineneyo kunayo. Sisiqinisekiso kumaqweqwe umzimba kunye enyama yangaphakathi, yinto uhlobo olulodwa yentsimbi-based. Iqulethe phantse akukho nto intercellular. inyama Epithelial asebenza lo msebenzi wokhuseleko, kwanaleyo kwananwe izinto kunye nokusingqongileyo.

2. Connection - sisiseko eyenza phezulu amalungu oluntu. It iqulathe iiseli ezinkulu, apho zicwangciswe inani elikhulu kweziyobisi intercellular. iintlobo zalo ulithambo, intlala, amanqatha, negazi.

3. Muscle - iquka Imisonto ezikwazi ukusikwa. Iqhuba umsebenzi intshukumo amalungu ngamnye kunye nenyama yonke emajukujukwini.

4. uvalo - luvo benziwa kunye neenkqubo multiple ukuba zibanga iindidi ezahlukeneyo zengcaciso, ukubonelela ukuzalana umzimba kunye nehlabathi ngaphandle.

amalungu oLuntu kunye neenkqubo: iimpawu mbutho

yelungu ngalinye wenziwa iintlobo ezininzi kwithishyu. Umzekelo, ijwabu intliziyo izihlunu kuyilwa, engqongwe inyama, lisesingxobeni nokuqina. Kodwa somzimba esikhulu uthathwa ukuba ulusu. Emva indawo lilonke malunga 2 square metres. Kutheni na isikhumba - na umzimba? Ngenxa yokuba le nto ndiyibhalayo izicwili ezininzi: epithelial kunye nokuqina.

Ukuze siqonde indlela yokuba umntu, kufuneka bawuqhele ingqikelelo kweenkqubo omzimba. Imizekelo izakhiwo ezinjalo baziwa: wokudla, kwegazi ... nganye kwezi yiseti amalungu, ukusebenza idibene komsebenzi omnye. Cinga isakhiwo data omzimba womntu ngokweenkcukacha.

inkqubo Musculoskeletal

Le nkqubo ngethuba ukwakheka sungula ku isifundo yokuqala. njani na umzimba womntu? Okokuqala, lo amathambo sele ezingundoqo yayo. Uchazwa ngamasebe eziliqela. Yeyona amathambo entloko, esifubeni, kunye nemimandla simahla kweqondo eliphezulu nengasezantsi. Ngokungafaniyo nezinye izilwanyana, ukuba abantu badla bipedalism. Inika ubuchule ukuhambisa izihlunu ukuba ziqhotyoshelwe ithambo kunye nemisipha.

Yokuphefumla nenkqubo kwegazi

Siza kuqhubeka nokujonga indlela umzimba womntu. khona akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kutshintshiselwano igesi. Lo msebenzi ubonelela iinkqubo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo ngaxeshanye. Zemiphunga thaca iindlela anomoya kunye nemiphunga. Xa ukusezela umoya ongena kulo oksijini. Ukususela kweli qampu igesi yemiphunga engena iimpahla incinane, emithanjeni. Ngenxa oxygen igazi yangoku kunikwa kwiseli nganye ephilayo. Intshukumo reverse kwenzeka le carbon dioxide, nto leyo kwakhona ngokusebenzisa emiphungeni liyasuswa emzimbeni.

System isimiso bafanekiselwa ngentliziyo negazi nempahla-zawo ezine: kwemithambo, emithanjeni ngemithambo. Chwetheza kule nkqubo umntu ivaliwe, kuba igazi lapho umzimba wakhe singaxubeki elulwelo kunye ujikeleza phakathi nempahla.

Sokugaya nenkqubo excretory

umsebenzi Human akunakwenzeka ngaphandle ngokutshintshiselana izinto kunye nokusingqongileyo. Isiliphu, ukuqhekeka kunye nokwenziwa kwezondlo kuthwalwa kwinkqubo yokwetyisa. njani umzimba womntu, yaye ngokukodwa, le iseti amalungu? It imelwe zomlomo, pharynx, kuvuleke iminxunya, isisu, emathunjini amancinci kunye colon, leyo ukuvula ingquza. Kungenxa ngokusebenzisa ngohlobo kwinkqubo yokwetyisa. Kodwa nokuphunyezwa kwemisebenzi yayo bekungenakwenzeka ngaphandle amadlala ezizodwa cell enzayim ndoyidiliza izinto eziphilayo ezimbaxa zibe ezilula. Ezi ziquka kwamadlala amathe, injeke nesibindi.

Womchamo, emelwe bean bafundelane ngezibini, nezintso, ureters, isinyi, ngaphandle lokuvula ijelo. Ngoncedo wayo umzimba ukulahla amanzi agqithisileyo, iityuwa, metabolites ezinetyhefu.

Iimpawu ze isakhiwo uhlelo zokuzala

Cinga nje ngendlela umntu adalwe ngayo ngokwemigaqo umsebenzi okuzala. It is a umzimba dioecious kunye kwezichumiso lwangaphakathi. hlobo lophuhliso - umgca othe ngqo. Kwaye abafazi kunye nenkqubo reproductive abantu limelwe namadlala, imibhobho kunye iiseli. Noko ke, kufuneka umahluko omkhulu. Xa abantu, oko amatyhalarha, imibhobho kunye gametes ezincinane mobile - isidoda. Ezi seli zisoloko iyasebenza kwaye ezinako isichumiso.

inkqubo Female lokuzala iqulathe amaqanda bafundelane ngezibini, oviducts kunye esingatshintshiyo, gametes ezinkulu kakhulu. Ukuchumisa kufuneka asuka gonads ukuya ithumbu Imibhobho. Le inkqubo ke ithabatha indawo kuphela ngamaxesha athile ukuba sexesheni, leyo kuthiwa ovulation. Xa gametes ekudibaneni kwakhiwa elilodwa. Lohlulwe yaye yakha isakhiwo multi-iseli, leyo kamva similise umntwana. Uphuhliso intrauterine Palsy inika ukhuseleko oluthembekileyo umzimba amancinane ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunye nokusebenza kwiinyanga zokuqala zobomi.

Iimpawu ze-nervous system abantu

indoda kuphela yokuba biosocial. Oku becala kufezekiswe ngesicwangciso kwinqanaba eliphezulu ukuphuhliswa kwenkqubo luvo. Luquka ezi imicu ingqondo kunye umnqonqo, nemithambo ukuba bandise kubo. Umntu ozalwa ezithile ikhaliphe unconditioned kunye nethuku zezilwanyana. Nangona kunjalo, ngeli xesha lale fom bakhe kunye nempendulo ezifunyenwe. njani ingqondo yomntu? Kunzima ngakumbi, xa kuthelekiswa nezinye chordates. It ukwahlula phakathi neuron kwaye inani elikhulu convolutions, leyo ukwandisa kakhulu kwindawo yayo. uphawu kuphela kwabantu intetho enentsingiselo nekhono lokuhlaziya. Uhlala kuluntu kwaye ukusa kumkhamo othile ixhomekeke kwimithetho yentlalo.

imisebenzi lawulo

Ngokuqhelekileyo, kwinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo kufuna imisebenzi ummiselo. Oku kwenzeka ngeendlela ezimbini ngaxeshanye. Ngoncedo lwe-nervous system umzimba womntu ufumana ulwazi malunga neenguqulelo ezahlukeneyo iimeko-bume yaye phantse nangoko aphendule kuzo. Ngeendlela ezininzi oku iinkqubo woluvo wayo. abantu babo abahlanu. Le mbono, ngaphandle kwebala, ivumba, ekuyiveni ukukwazi ukuqonda amavumba. Abanye abaphengululi baye bafumana enye, leyo ibizwa ngokuba "uluvo lwesithandathu" okanye intuition. Noko ke, isakhiwo okanye indlela kwale nkqubo ukufumanisa nokucacisa kodwa akukho namnye oye waphumelela. A nobubovu ductless, ukhupha egazini izinto ezikhethekileyo - hormone nokulawula iinkqubo ukukhula, uphuhliso kunye homeostasis. Le nto ithetha ukugcinwa imeko rhoqo lwangaphakathi.

Leyo yindlela umzimba womntu. Le yinkqubo entsonkothileyo ukuba ngokungatshintshiyo idibanisa iiseli, tissue, amalungu kunye neenkqubo. Nganye kwezi zakhiwo unezinga eliphezulu obungcali kwaye siququzelelwa ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo ummiselo umbefu kunye humoral.