Into kakhulu umdla malunga nobume. chemistry Organic: Interesting Facts

Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19 nje inzululwazi kuyilwa organic chemistry. olunika umdla isisiza ukuba siqonde ngcono ihlabathi yaye bafunda indlela yokwenza izinto ezintsha.

"Live" isidlo

Into yokuqala umdla malunga chemistry uza ukutya engaqhelekanga. Enye izitya odumileyo kwase Japanese - "Odori Don" - "ukudanisa squid." Abaninzi Mpondwana umbono wiggling esothusayo squid esityeni. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, yena awehlelwa ixesha elide kwaye angacingi nto. Svezheosvezhevannogo squid yafakwa isitya zerayisi kunye kokuba bakhonze ugalele soy sauce. Mpondwana squid baqala nciphisa. Oku kungenxa isakhiwo eyodwa luvo ukuba ngexesha elithile emva kokufa sisilwanyana azithethelele ion sodium equlethwe sauce, ebangela izihlunu ukuncipha.

lokufumanisa ngengozi

iinyani ezinika umdla malunga chemistry badla zinxulumene ezifunyaniswe ngengozi. Ngoko ke, ngo-1903 Edouard Benedictus, ekhemesti odumileyo French, esungula iglasi yokhuseleko. Isazinzulu ngengozi iwise iselwa, leyo yazaliswa nitrocellulose. Waqaphela ukuba uwaphule bulb leyo, kodwa iglasi liyaphela. Emva kokuba wemithi uphando oluyimfuneko ifumanise ukuba le ndlela ungenza iglasi kukothuka-proof. Ekubeni iindondo zokhuseleko yokuqala wabonakala iimoto eziye kakhulu inciphise inani yokwenzakala ngexesha kwiingozi zemoto.

isivamvo Live

iinyani ezinika umdla malunga chemistry etha ngokusetyenziswa izilwanyana ukuze kuzuze uvakalelo kwabantu. Kude kube 1986, abasebenzi basemgodini bethabathe nabo kungena canaries emhlabeni. Into yokuba ezi ntaka avelana kakhulu yeegesi wasemgodini, ingakumbi igesi kunye carbon monoxide. Nkqu lamanani ezincinane ezi zinto emoyeni intaka afe. Mgodini ukuphulaphula iintaka becula yaye ukubukela impilo yakhe. Ukuba canary ebonisa ixhala okanye iqalisa ukuba buthathaka, yinto uphawu kukuba kumgodi kufuneka ukuba bahambe.

Le ntaka akuthethi ababulawa yityhefu, umoya omtsha ngokukhawuleza ngcono. Isicelo iiseli nokuba ekhethekileyo etywiniweyo, abathi zavalwa yimiqondiso yityhefu. Nanamhlanje, hayi basungula i sixhobo, ukuziva iigesi ekrwada banciphe njenge canary.

irabha

Ulwazi olunomdla chemistry: enye fyabo ngengozi - ngerabha. Charlz Gudir, waseMelika Scientist, wafumanisa iresiphi irabha, engaquki kunyibilika bubushushu, yaye akayi kuyaphula kule ngqele. Ngengozi lushushubezwa umxube sulphur kunye irabha, eshiya phezu nembasa. Inkqubo yokufumana irabha kwathiwa yokuhlanganisa.

penicillin

Okunye okunika umdla malunga imichiza penicillin yaqanjwa ngengozi. Alexander Fleming yalibala ityhubhu yovavanyo kunye iintsholongwane lwesikhumba iintsuku eziliqela. Kwaye xa ekhumbula ngayo, ndiye ndafumanisa ukuba koloni uyafa. yonke loo nto yaba sokubumbela, leyo sele iqalile ukutshabalalisa iintsholongwane. Kungenxa ngumngundo fungi Scientist lifumene zintsholongwane yokuqala yehlabathi.

poltergeist

iinyani ezinika umdla malunga chemistry ukuphikisa imbali eyimfihlakalo. Umntu Sisoloko sisiva izakhiwo ezindala ezaliswe kunye nabadla. Kwaye into yinkqubo zokufudumeza lixesha ezisebenza kakubi. Ngenxa ukuvuza le carbon monoxide ubuthi abahlali zendlu kukho yintloko, kwakunye nemibono ekuva kunye nezibonwayo.

Iikhadinali Grey phakathi kwezityalo

iinyani ezinika umdla malunga nomatse. Chemistry uyakwazi ukuchaza ukuziphatha lezilwanyana kunye nezityalo. Ekuhambeni zazivelela izityalo ezininzi ziye iindlela banqande ezitya utyani. Kakhulu, bona cell ukuba isityalo ityhefu, kodwa oosonzululwazi baye bafumana indlela olufihlakeleyo yokhuseleko. Ezinye izityalo kukhupha izinto zitsala ezidla ...! Ezidla elawula inani izilwanyana ezitya eyenza kuzo kwiindawo zabo ukukhula kwezityalo "smart". Loo bobobuchule, nkqu kwizityalo zethu njengesiqhelo ezifana iitumato kunye cucumber. Umzekelo, ezinqunquthayo nokujongela phantsi cucumber igqabi kunye nevumba juice bavela umdla iintaka.

protein abavikeli

izinto ezinomdla: chemistry kunye namayeza zihlobene. Ngexesha eksperimenti kwi mpuku virologists bafumanisa interferon. Le protein iveliswa kuzo zonke lomqolo. Ukusuka ntsholongwane abosulelekileyo iiseli unikelwa iproteni okhethekileyo - interferon. Yena akanayo umsebenzi antiviral, kodwa wadibana iiseli esempilweni kwaye yenza ukuba abazazi ukuba le ntsholongwane.

elibi metal

Sidla ngokucinga ukuba imali ezinkozo, zokubambelela kwezothutho zoluntu, oololiwe njalo-njalo. E. Metal ivumba. Apha kuphela livumba sokunikela akukho otyhidiweyo, kunye nemixube leyo kwakheka ngenxa ukunxibelelana umphezulu yenkcenkce nezinto eziphilayo, umz, umbilo yabantu. Ukuze umntu azive ivumba iimpawu, kufuneka impela, bawela wezenzi.

kwemathiriyeli yokwakha

iinyani ezinika umdla malunga nomatse. izifundo protein chemistry kutshanje. Sebewufumene kwiminyaka eziibhiliyoni ezi-4 eyadlulayo, ziphazamisa. Proteni iibhloko zokwakha zonke izinto eziphilayo, ezinye iintlobo ngesayensi yobomi ayaziwa. Isiqingatha sabemi ubunzima ongumqwebedu ube ziindawo eziphuma ezininzi eziphilayo wenze iiprothini.

olunika umdla. Chemistry kunye nesoda

Ngowe-1767, Dzhozefa Pristli ezinomdla uhlobo amaqamza ukuba uphume umqombothi ngexesha ukubila. Waqokelela igesi i isitya yamanzi, apho incasa. Amanzi nice and ahlaziyayo. Ngoko ke, lo nzulu wavula carbon dioxide, nto leyo ngoku kusetyenziswa ukuvelisa amanzi nezihlwahlwazayo. Kwiminyaka emihlanu kamva, wachaza indlela kakuhle ukuvelisa irhasi.

sugar kuvala

Oku umdla malunga chemistry kubonisa ukuba izinto ezifunyaniswe zizazinzulu ezininzi zenziwa phantse ngengozi. ityala ukwazi kwakhokelela ukufunyanwa kweepropati sucralose, mihla iswekile obambeleyo. Lesli Hyu, uprofesa London esifunda iimpawu trihlorsaharoza omtsha eziphathekayo, wayalela umncedisi wakhe Shashikantu Phadnisu test kuyo (zeemvavanyo IsiNgesi). Umfundi, umyalelo hlwempu IsiNgesi, baqonde ilizwi njengoko «ukungcamla», nto leyo ethetha Ngcamlani, yaye ngoko nangoko emva umyalelo. Sucralose kwaba mnandi kakhulu.

flavoring

Skatole - yinto ulungelelwaniso eqalisiweyo emathunjini ezilwanyana kunye nabantu. Yiyo le nto ibangela ivumba uphawu ngendle. Kodwa ukuba lamanani aphezulu skatole unalo ivumba endleni, xa kukho imali encinane le nto iye ibe livumba elithozamisayo, sifunda cream okanye jasmine. Ngoko skatole isetyenziselwa iziqholo vumba, ukutya kunye necuba.

Cat and iodine

Ulwazi olunomdla chemistry - lokufumanisa of ayodini yabandakanyeka ngqo ikati ixhaphakileyo. Unale yemichiza Bernar Kurtua ngokuqhelekileyo ubedla elebhu, kwaye oko kudla kunye yi cat abathanda ukuhlala emagxeni yomnini. Emva kwesidlo cat elandelayo watsibela phantsi, lo gama uwisa container kunye sulphuric acid kunye Ingca yolwandle ash ukumiswa ethanol, emi kwi desktop. Ulwelo baba engumxube, yaye umoya waqalisa ukuba ukuvuka emfusa umphunga luhlala phezu izinto kunye ziikristale ezincinane omnyama-purple. Ngoko uyaziwa into entsha imichiza.