Unxantathu yomumo: ingqiqo kunye neempawu

Isigqibo iingxaki zejometri kufuna isixa kakhulu ulwazi. Enye inkcazelo ebalulekileyo yale inzululwazi unxantathu lasekunene-engile egqithe.

Phantsi le ngcamango ukuthini inani zejometri eyenziwa zintathu kwaye omabini, kwaye ubuninzi enye engile yi degrees 90. Amaqela enza akwiengile elungileyo ibizwa imilenze, kumntu wesithathu, nto leyo esiphikisana kuyo, kuthiwa hypotenuse.

Ukuba imilenze ngokomzekeliso ngokulinganayo, ibizwa ngokuba unxantathu isosceles ekunene. Kule meko kukho ukubandakanya ukuba zombini iintlobo zoonxantathu, nto leyo ethetha ukuba iipropati iqatshelwe omabini la maqela. Khumbula ukuba engile aphantsi kwe unxantathu isosceles zisoloko ngokwenene kungoko iikona ezibukhali isafobe enjalo kuya kuquka degrees 45.

Ubukho omnye mihlaba ilandelayo lucebisa ukuba unxantathu lasekunene-engile egqithe ilingana kwenye:

1. imilenze ezimbini oonxantathu alinganayo;
2. manani babe hypotenuse efanayo enye imilenze;
3. bayalingana ukuya hypotenuse, yaye naziphi na iikona ezibukhali;
4. waphawula imeko komlenze ukulingana kunye engile yayiyazi.

Ummandla lo nxantathu ekunene sibalwa ngokulula usebenzisa ifomula umgangatho, okanye ubungakanani elingana isiqingatha imveliso kwezinye macala mabini.

ubudlelwane alandelayo kuvandlakanywa unxantathu buxande:

1. Umlenze nto yimbi ngaphandle umlinganiselo kwe le hypotenuse kwelivi yayo phezu kwalo;
2. ukuba malunga ukuchaza unxantathu isangqa ekunene, iziko zayo ziya kuba phakathi kwe hypotenuse;
3. ukuphakama ezivela akwiengile elungileyo ke kisekiyo avareji ukuya projections ke imilenze unxantathu ngexesha hypotenuse yayo.

Umdla kukuba nantoni nxantathu ekunene-engile egqithe, ezi propati zisoloko ayahlonitshwa.

KaPythagoras theorem

Ukongeza kule propati ngentla iimpawu ukuba oonxantathu eziziingxande le miqathango ilandelayo: isikweri hypotenuse lilingana udibaniso lwezikweri imilenze. Le theorem ithiywe emva umseki wayo - le theorem kaPythagoras. Wavula le ratio xa benza ukufunda iimpawu izikwere ezakhiwe phezu kumacala olubuxande kwicala lwe nxantathu.

Ukungqina ukuba theorem sakha unxantathu ABC, imilenze apho zibonakaliswe kwaye b, kunye hypotenuse c. Okulandelayo, sakha ezimbini square. Elinye icala aya kuba hypotenuse, ezinye imilenze yomibini isixa.

Emva koko, indawo yokuqala isikwere inokufumaneka ngeendlela ezimbini: njengoko udibaniso iindawo oonxantathu ezine ABC kwaye isikwere lesibini, okanye njengoko kwicala yembutho, Kakade ke, ukuba ezi zilinganiso bayalingana. Oko kukuthi:

4 ² + (ab / 2) = (a + b) ^2, ukuguqula amazwi ngenxa:

^2-phinde ngo 2 ab = ² + b ² + ab 2

Ngenxa yoko, siye sifumane: c = ² + b ^{2 2}

Ngenxa yoko, inani zejiyometri esilingana unxantathu ebuxande, hayi kuphela zonke iipropati uphawu le oonxantathu. Ubukho a esinekona sasekunene kukhokelela ekubeni lesi sibalo ezinye ubuhlobo ezizodwa. ukufunda yabo iya kuba luncedo kuphela inzululwazi kodwa kubomi bemihla ngemihla, abe loo mntu njengoko unxantathu lasekunene ifumaneka kuyo yonke indawo.