Ubuchule Leary - inkcazelo kunye nentsingiselo

ubuchule obudlelwana diagnostic saphuhliswa yi kwengqondo American 1954 Timoti Liri (1920-1996), intsebenziswano ibhalwe kunye G. kunye R. Leforzhem Sazekom, yaye ngowe-1957 wapapasha ngodaba yakhe obudlelwana Ugonyo of Personality. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, olu vavanyo sele uxakeke isetyenziswa yi-US iinkonzo mfihlakalo. Kakhulu ethandwayo phakathi bengqondo, ngenxa compactness yayo kwaye ulwazi, naye usebenzisa indlela Leary.

Inkcazelo kunye nenjongo ubuchule

Uvavanyo lihlola imbonakaliso ngumntu ngaye. Kulo mzekelo, oku kusetyenziswa xa livavanywa iziphakamiso njenge "Mna" yokwenene, kunye ezifanelekileyo. Kananjalo oku kusetyenziswa xa livavanywa ezinye, ukuba ufuna ukufumana phandle i umbono umntu omnye emehlweni komnye. Inkqubo yoxilongo lwabelwe uhlobo kwayeyona ubudlelwane bomntu kwabanye. Ezi zinto zimbini zibalulekileyo ezibonakalisa ubudlelwane:

1) ukubalasela - ukungeniswa;

2) ubuhlobo - ubuvila.

Ezi zinto zaye zachongwa M. Argyle iimpawu eziphambili yokuziphatha nabanye abantu. Kwakhona zinxulumene nemigca enqamleze esiqwini ka umahluko yesemantiki Isahluko Osgood, ukuze bafunde izinto zengqondo isikali vuvabyi (umz, eshushu-ebandayo, womelele-buthathaka et al.) Xa inani eliqingqiweyo iyantlukwano ngamnye kubo.

oganogram zinto

Kuba oganogram yeekhosi zokuqhelaniswa nezifundo ezingundoqo zentlalo iindlela ngamnye kuxilongo ubudlelane nabanye Leary iquka Idayagram ebonisa: isangqa yahlulwe kumacandelo 8 - octants. La magama esqwini ezimbini (ehambelana imiba kobudlelwane nabanye ezichazwe ngasentla): "ukubalasela - ngaphantsi" yaye "nobuhlobo - ubutshaba". Kulo mzekelo, Leary wacebisa ukuba ubudlelwane phakathi kwezi variables, ngokuqina kufutshane iziphumo kommangalelwa ngokuphathelele embindini wesangqa. Amanqaku ewonke ngasinye nofundiso, nto leyo ebonisa indlela une Leary ubudlelwane phakathi, kuthetha i index, ngokulandelelana esqwini lubalaseleyo. Umgama afunyenwe phakathi nezikhombisi kunye embindini wesangqa uchaza kulwamkelo yokuziphatha nabanye abantu.

Ezona mpawu esemgangathweni amacandelo ezikhethiweyo (octants), nto leyo ebonisa indlela obudlelwana T. Leary, angamelwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

I. A Inkokeli elungileyo, umcebisi kunye nomcebisi.

II. uhlobo oluthile ezimeleyo nembangi.

III. Ngokunyanisekileyo, ngqo, athe gqolo impumelelo yabo.

IV. Sokuthandabuza, nonconformist, unyaniseke izigwebo zabo.

V. Ukuthozama kwaye ndineentloni, ngokuzithandela ngokuphumeza imbopheleleko yomnye umntu.

VI. Abadinga unonophelo kwaye uthembele kwabanye.

VII. Friendly, ukulwela intsebenziswano.

VIII. Ovelwano akwazi ukunceda abanye.

Inkqubo yaye ukukhutshwa kweziphumo

Leary Indlela 128 kuquka izigwebo ixabiso, ngalinye yeentlobo 8 of ngobuhlobo zezilwanya amanqaku 16. Ezi zinto zicwangciswe ngokolandelelwano inyuka ngamandla. Xa le ndlela yenziwe ukwenzela ukuba iimpawu lujoliswe ekubhaqeni iintlobo ezithile buhlobo zicwangciswe ngendlela ekhethekileyo, hayi ezilandelelanayo, kunye namaqela ezine ekugwebeni nganye, ephindaphinda nge elilinganayo inani izigwebo.

ubuchule Leary, ejolise ubudlelwane, kufuneka sikhatshwe iintlobo ezimbini imiyalelo. Kulo wokuqala, abaphenduli bacelwa ukuba ufundisise nokuphonononga nezigwebo okuluphawu iimpawu zengqondo somntu kunye nobudlelwane nabanye abantu. Ukuba, ngenxa yommangalelwa, umgwebo engqinelana enengcinga zayo ngokwawo, kufanele kuphawulwe uphawu "+" wayo, ukuba akasebenzisi - umqondiso "-".

Xa uhlobo umyalelo Leary ubuchule yesibini kubandakanya ukuvavanya kuphela yokwenene "Mna", kodwa oyinto. Umzekelo: "Ukuhlola yakho yokwenene" Mna ", nceda kwakhona ufunde onke amasiko uze uphawule i" + "Nabo ehambelana ingcamango yakho Ungathanda njani ukubona ngokwakho kwi ezifanelekileyo." Kulo mzekelo, unako ke ngoko ukuqinisekisa inqanaba ukungangqinelani phakathi yokwenene kunye ifanelekileyo iimbono ngamnye ngeziqu zabo. Uvavanyo ukuzalana abanye nazo ziya kuboniswa kule imiyalelo, nto leyo inika indlela Leary. Umzekelo: "Njengoko kunjalo yokuqala, ingxelo, nceda nobuntu oogxa bakho (boss, iqabane, umntwana, njl ...)." Ngako oko lula ukufumanisa indlela umbono omnye ngomnye.

ndlela processing Leary ibandakanya izigaba ezininzi. Ekuqaleni, ukubala inani lamanqaku ngamnye ezikhethiweyo lweentlobo 8 kobudlelwane nabanye (ngegqudu, abazingcayo, silwe, nokusola abanye, abangaphantsi, izixhomekeki, nobubele novelwano).

Inyathelo elilandelayo ukumisela uhlobo ubungnqongqo. Isikolo esikhulu ngohlobo ngalunye kwinqanaba, equka indlela Leary kulwalamano nabanye, ukuze babe amanqaku-16, nto leyo, yahlulwe yaba 4 ubudlelwane ubukhulu:

• kumanqaku e-0 ukuya ku-4: aqine ephantsi (ukuziphatha ngendlela encomekayo) ;
• kumanqaku e-5 ukuya kwi-8: aqine eliphakathi (kwakhona ukuziphatha ngendlela encomekayo);
• kumanqaku e-9 ukuya kwele-12: aqine High (yokuziphatha kakhulu);
• amanqaku 13 ukuya ku-16: yokubonakalisa esibi isidanga (ukuba ukuziphatha ngezifo kakhulu).

Inyathelo processing wesithathu, nto leyo iquka indlela loxilongo zokunxibelelana T. Leary, imele ukumiselwa elinkeza bezifo ezimbini eziphambili: ukukhonya - nobuhlobo. Izibalo ezenziwe usebenzisa le fomyula ilandelayo:

Ukubalasela = (IV) + 0,7 x (VIII + II - IV - VI).

Ubuhlobo = (VII - III) +0,7 x (VIII - II - IV + VI).

Ekugqibeleni, njengoko kwisigaba sokugqibela ndlela ibandakanya uhlalutyo Leary qualitative ikhutshwa phandle ngokuthelekisa discogram kuso ngokwesiseko ezifunyenwe yi data ngamnye ummangalelwa kunye nabanye. Kungenzeka kwakhona ukuba ukwakha iprofayili kwe kubudlelwane nabanye kwiqela elithile. I-kahle yi ukusetyenziswa kwekhweshine inkqubo kwizikolo eziziisekondari. Ukongeza, kusenokuba kubonisa isifundo longitudinal (umzekelo, ngokwesakhelo eklasini), ithuba apho nayo inika iindlela zokufumanis nabanye T. Leary.

Ukutolikwa izalathisi eziphambili yobudlelwane ikhutshwa phandle iintlobo-8:

I. Uhlobo ngegqudu ubudlelwane

amanqaku 13 ukuya 16. Chwetheza nobuntu nkqi, luphawulwa indelelo, umlinganiswa ngoozwilakhe. Yena ukhetha ukukhokela kuzo zonke iindidi zemisebenzi qela. Ukuthembela umbono wabo siqu kuphela, nangakuthandiyo ukuphulaphula icebiso kwabanye, ngexesha elifanayo asoloko libongoza onke. Obuleweyo, nayo, khetha ukuqaphela authoritativeness yi umntu elinikiweyo.

Kumanqaku e-9 ukuya kwi-12. Kuyinto uphawu ukuba ubuntu odlamkileyo elibalaseleyo, efuna imbeko. Kuyinto ngempumelelo kwezoshishino, unegunya, uthanda ukunika iingcebiso kwabanye.

Ukususela amanqaku 0 ukuya kwi-8. Kwakhona features sizithembile umntu, apho esibonakala uzingise nokuzingisa. Ngapha koko, lo mntu akufuneki abe yinkokeli.

II. uhlobo lokuzingca ubudlelwane

amanqaku 13 ukuya 16. ngobunjani Independent, abanekratshi kunye narcissistic. Ukubala, yena uthanda ukutyhalela neengxaki zabanye. Kwelinye icala, ifuna ukuba angalandeli abanye, kwelinye - igcinwe kude kubo noko. Kwakhona ekuzaziseni ezahlukeneyo kunye ikratshi.

Ukususela amanqaku 0 ukuya kwi-12. Kukho iimpawu zokuzingca yaye zijolise ngokwakhe. Kuyaphela ukukhuphisana.

III. uhlobo ngxwaba ubudlelwane

amanqaku 13 ukuya 16. Ukuziphatha kwabanye ezinzima enobundlobongela. Ubutshaba ngomda lukhona.

Kumanqaku e-9 ukuya kwi-12. Luphawulwa ngokuphandle, ngqo efuna ngokuphathelele nabanye. Nesele, udikwa ngokukhawuleza - ndithanda ityala kwabanye ngeenxa zonke; isigqebelo kunye elibukhali.

Ukususela amanqaku 0 ukuya kwi-8. uhlobo ngamandla kwaye gqolo, olwenze ubenokuqina nenkani.

IV. uhlobo ibitheni kobuhlobo

amanqaku 13 ukuya 16. Chwetheza umntu ukrokrela kwaye venga, ukuthandabuza ukuba yonke into. Onochuku, ngokufuthi ikhalazela zabanye. Ifuna ukuba kwahlula ngokwayo ehlabathini ngaphandle, ucinga ngayo ngolunya nomsindo. Ngamana kwenzeka le schizoid uhlobo umlinganiswa (Leary ubuchule kulo mzekelo nga kumana uvavanyo MMPI).

Kumanqaku e-9 ukuya kwi-12. uhlobo ezivaliweyo nemfihlo. Ngenxa sola kunye nokoyika ukuhlala embi ukuba baphathwe bangadibana nobunzima kubudlelwane nabanye. Sokuthandabuza, badana kwabanye; sengqondo esibi kwabanye okunokubonakaliswa lokulwa ngamazwi.

Ukususela amanqaku 0 ukuya kwi-8. Bonisa indlela criticality ngokunxulumene kwabanye, kwaye ngokunxulumene zonke izenzakalo leyinene lwentlalo.

V. bathobele uhlobo lolwalamano

amanqaku 13 ukuya 16. Abayithobanga ukuvelisa kwabanye; luphawulwa emsebenzini, passivity kunye nentando buthathaka. Kwakhona Kukho self-ngokuthotywa kunye self-yomgwebo, iimpawu kuye ityala. Yena uzibeka endaweni yokugqibela. Ukufuna inkxaso umntu onamandla kunaye.

Kumanqaku e-9 ukuya kwi-12. Olu hlobo ngobuntu ululamo ezahlukeneyo kwaye ukuba neentloni; ngokulula angene lihlazo. Ngamana kuxhomekeka ubuntu Yomelelani, kuthathelwa ingqalelo imeko ezithile kweemeko.

Ukususela amanqaku 0 ukuya kwi-8. Uphawu ngobuntu yokuthobela, abenentloni kwaye nemadlana. Akukho uluvo lobuqu ezahlukeneyo, oko ekwenza kulula bandla ukwenza imisebenzi yabo. Iimvakalelo lukhetha wazibopha.

VI. uhlobo oxhomekekileyo kobuhlobo

amanqaku 13 ukuya 16. ixhomekeke kwi nezimvo zabanye abantu. Ukuxhomekeka yale hlobo ngenxa yokungabikho yayo ngesiquphe nokuzethemba kunye namandla awo. Abafumana ixhala kunye noloyiko ukuba likhoboka nabani na, nkqu ngumbandela nje omncinane.

Kumanqaku e-9 ukuya kwi-12. Esibonakala azilutho kunye nokungakwazi ubungqina ukuxhathisa kwabanye, ngokunyanisekileyo becinga ukuba basoloko tye. Thobela, owoyikekayo.

Ukususela amanqaku 0 ukuya kwi-8. Ukholose conformal uhlobo. Zithambekele ukuthemba abanye kwaye bayihloniphe. Kuba soft nangentlonelo.

VII. uhlobo Friendly kobuhlobo

Ukususela amanqaku 9 ukuya ku-16. Olu hlobo yokuqhelaniswa nezifundo ezahlukeneyo kokwamkelwa kwezentlalo kunye nokuvunywa, azame ukuba konke kulungile, kodwa kuthathelwa ingqalelo imeko ethile. Towards abanye banobuhlobo unembeko. Phakathi iindlela zokhuselo ngabona ingcinezelo yaye ingcinezelo. Luphawulwa lability ngokweemvakalelo. uhlobo Hysteroid kunokwenzeka lomlinganiswa (kuba nako ukusebenzisa enye uvavanyo eyongezelelweyo MMPI).

Ukususela amanqaku 0 ukuya kwi-8. Flexible xa kuqwalaselwa iimeko eziyingxaki. Ungquzulwano uzibophelele ukuba ukusebenzisana kunye ukusilela. Uyaqaphela ebonisa iimpawu lokuthobela, njengoko idla ukufikelela kwisivumelwano kunye nabanye. Luxhomekeke kwezi ndibano, athobele imithetho incasa elungileyo. Initiative, ukulungele ukunceda abanye. Kwakhona ezahlukeneyo umnqweno ukuba embindini ingqalelo, ukufumana ukuqatshelwa uthando kwabanye. Udlelwano ungane.

VIII. uhlobo yokuzinikela kobuhlobo

Ukususela amanqaku 9 ukuya ku-16. Esibonakala giperotvetstvennostyu kakhulu noxanduva nabanye - kaninzi nasihlahla. Ukulungele ukunceda abanye kunokuba nobungozi iimfuno zabo. Ngelo xesha kweliso labo kungaba umsebenzi ngokugqithiseleyo kunye phithi. Noko ke, kwezinye iimeko, oku kuziphatha nako uhlobo iikoma. Kule meko sisebenzisana olunye uhlobo lolwalamano.

Ukususela amanqaku 0 ukuya kwi-8. Ngokuba lo hlobo ukungazingci uphawu novelwano. Nguye onoxanduva ngokunxulumene kwabanye abantu, ndandifuna ukubabonisa ukuba novelwano nemfesane. Soft, intekenteke ngenyameko.

nokutolikwa iziphumo

Iindlela kokuxilongwa nabanye T. Leary icebisa kakhulu umda olubanzi ulwazi isifundo kommangalelwa ngamnye. Ukuba uvavanyo lwenziwa ngendlela kwiqela, umphandi, njengoko sele kuchaziwe, uyakwazi ukuba ukuthelekisa iziphumo abantu ezahlukeneyo kunye profiles qela kwakunye kunye nabanye. Xa ukutolika iziphumo kubalulekile ukugxila kungekhona amaxabiso ngokupheleleyo kunye nokusebenza sikhwele lohlobo elinye phezu kwelinye. Kubalulekile kwakhona ukuqwalasela ukuba kukho isimo sengqondo abazali ukuze sisiphako (ubuchule "PARIS" Leary) yomntwana wabo.

Ukuba yahlolwa "Mna" le yokwenene, yaye "Mna" yale yenziwayo, lo mmiselo kufuneka kubakho umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwabo. Kwelinye icala, ukuba kukho ngokulinganisela iiyantlukwano inqanaba, icebisa ithuba self-yophuculo, leyo, enyanisweni, ibonisa indlela Leary. Ukutolikwa iziphumo lemibuzo luveze ukuba uninzi ukunganeliseki ekuso kubantu abane kwinqanaba ukuzithemba ephantsi (okuhambelana 5, 6 kunye octants 7), okanye abantu kwimo yongquzulwano elide (ehambelana octant-4).

Ukuba umthathi nxaxheba baqaphela ngexesha elifanayo ukwanda kwe-1 kunye octants 5th, libonisa ubukho iingxaki zakhe authoritarianism kunye sisoyika ukuzithemba; 2 nd kunye th 6 - kukho ukuphikisana phakathi umnqweno ukuzimela kunye nemfuneko ukuthobela (umzekelo, xa ngenxa imfuno ngamnye kufuneka bathobele, nangona uqhankqalazo yayo yangaphakathi). Ungquzulwano phakathi 3 kunye octants 7 ungquzulwano kwenzeka xa ngoluvo mibala kunye kuyiphi; 4 8 - wabonakaliswa kwezithandani zokuthibana ngamnye kwabanye ngenxa ukuqondwa yabo (umnqweno ukuqondwa liqela kwaye ngaxeshanye imvakalelo ubumpi it).