Isakhiwo yokwakheka ngezantsi kwabantu

Ezinqeni - inxalenye yokugqibela emathunjini, apho umzimba aphosa isitulo (oko kukuthi, yokutyiwa yenkunkuma ukutya).

Ubume ingquza kwabantu

Ezinqeni sphincters kuphela ezo kwakheka izihlunu. amakhonkco Ezo imisipha ziyafuneka ukuze ukulawula ukuvulwa nokuvalwa empundwini. Emzimbeni womntu, ezimbini sphincter anorectal:

• Zangaphakathi equka ukuqina kwezihlunu kakuhle isikali yaye ngokuxhomekeke ezingqondweni. ubude bawo ukusuka kwisiqingatha ukuya iisentimitha emithathu enesiqingatha.
• Yangaphandle equka izihlunu striated kwaye ilawulwa seengcamango. ubude bayo kuyahluka besentimitha isiqingatha ezimbini ukuya emihlanu.

Igcina ezinqeni nomda ezimpundu, nto leyo elibukhali utshintsho isifo carcinomas olunga- phakathi anorectal emisele distal lolusu egubungele uhanjiso. Isikhumba kwindawo ezimpundu ngokuqhelekileyo phezu ulwehlo (ngamanye a umbala ngobumnyama) kunye ukushwabana ngenxa kubukho sphincter lwangaphandle.

Ebuntwaneni, ingquza ise dorsally ngaphezu abadala, malunga amabini omise ukusuka coccyx. Ubukhulu be ezimpundu, kuba cm uqobo ezintathu ukuya kwezintandathu, kwaye ubude channel isusela ukusuka iisentimitha emithathu ukuya kwemihlanu. Ukongeza sphincter, kwi izixhobo wokuvala efakwa kuquka izihlunu bayiphakami- ingquza kunye nemisipha uvalo zangasese.

Ubume ingquza lungahlulwa-hlulwa zibe kumacandelo ezintathu:

1. Uxakaxa kweli candelo inikwa kunye nezibaya longitudinal, phakathi apho zifumaneka crypts (sinuses ezimpundu), apho imingxuma ezikhona namadlala ezimpundu.
2. Ndawo wazigquma epithelium multilayer flat.
3. Le multilayer camera ezahlulwe sisithuba epithelium keratinized carcinomas kwaye ibonelelwe sebaceous eliqela kwamadlala ukubila kunye neenwele.

Ingquza kunye isikali liphuhlise network yokujikeleza, kwakunye kwalapho ezininzi luvo, uvumela ngabom ekulibaziseni sisenzo defecation, kwaye kaninzi unobangela kwesisu neurogenic.

Isimo se ingquza

Izakhiwo ezisebenzisana ngqo emjelweni ezimpundu, - i ampoule efakwa kunye sigmoid wamathumbu. Umsele ezimpundu ise kwi perineum. Phambi isikali kukuba omelene vesicles amadlozi, Vas Umbobho ampoules, esinyini kunye prostate emadodeni. Abasetyhini kwakhona ibekwe lobufazi ngaphambili kunye wesibeleko. Channel sicinywa ezinqeni. Ngaphaya sphincter lwangaphandle usebenzisa anococcygeal lungu encamathele coccyx.

Xa indawo uhanjiso i ngasemva kwaye emacaleni ingquza amalungiselelo bafundelane ngezibini, libe sisigingqi ischiorectal ukanti imilo prism kwaye ezaliswe okunamafutha izihlunu, leyo kuvavanywa luvo kunye imithambo yegazi. Xa ngokungqalileyo imingxunya wecandelo akheke zoonxantathu. Udonga lateral kwezindlu kwakhiwa obturator kwezihlunu kunye tuberosity ischial (umphezulu yangaphakathi), medial - kunye sphincter kwezihlunu lwangaphandle leyo iphakamisa empundwini. Udonga emva emhadini kwakhiwa izihlunu coccygeal kunye ngemiqadi ngasemva oku kuphakamisa ingquza kunye ngaphambili - izihlunu ezinqamlezayo isizalo. izihlunu Adipose, nto leyo ibekwe lweHo- emihadini ischiorectal, owenza umsebenzi ukuyinciphisa elastic ukuxhathisa.

Ubume ingquza nemazi

Xa umzimba lebhinqa phambi ezinqeni nemelene lobufazi kwaye yokugqibela siyahlukana umaleko obhityileyo Denovile-Salishcheva. Ngenxa yokuba iimpawu ezinjalo noshowo ingquza kunye ezinqeni kwabasetyhini njengoko ezasulelayo kunye neoplastic ukungena ngokulula ukusuka kwenye kwisisu ukuya kwenye, nto leyo ekhokelela kuseko fistula rectovaginal ngenxa ezahlukeneyo ukwenzakala okanye ugqabhuka le perineum ngethuba lokubeleka.

Ubume ingquza kwabasetyhini kukhokelela imilo yayo ngohlobo imfundo tyaba okanye eveleleyo kancinci phambili. Baza bathi oku yokuba inkqubo yokunikwa kucuthwe izihlunu perineum kunye nezihlunu bayiphakami- ingquza, banokulahlekelwa kukuba nako kwabo sincipha.

Iimpawu ze ingquza ngabantu

Ubume ingquza inkunzi nokungafani. Abantu (ngakumbi dystrophy) ilindle ikhangeleka ngathi ifanele. Udonga phambi emjelweni ezimpundu nemelene ibhalbhu i urethra kunye njengezona endlaleni. Ukongeza, Ebubanzini amadoda sphincter lwangaphakathi kwe kwabasetyhini.

Umsebenzi ingquza kunye isikali

Ezinqeni noxanduva ekususeni izinto inkunkuma evela emzimbeni. Ukongeza, kukho kwenzeka ukufunxeka ulwelo. Ngenxa yoko, ngenxa wokutsala amanzi nokucofa ndle ukubuyela emzimbeni ubuyisela malunga ezine iilitha ulwelo ngosuku. Kunye kulwelo owawanyayo umva Micro elements. ampoule efakwa i ichibi endleni, nto leyo ekhokelela ekubeni beqokelela iindonga emali emathunjini ezavala mnqweno luvo kwaye ngenxa siyanibongoza ukuba defecation (defecation).

Kwaye ngoku ke imisebenzi ezimpundu. Ukuba in a ombane rhoqo, sphincters yayo malilawule ukukhutshwa endleni (defecation) kunye neegesi ukuphuma emathunjini (flatulentsiyu).

zokugula ingquza

• Ngamathumba.
• Hemorrhoids.
• Ithemba.
• Various isifo iziphene (cysts, ehlola ezimpundu, izilonda).
• iinkqubo ukudumba (mathumba, ithumba, proctitis, fistulas).
• karhulumente azalwa (atresia anal).

spasm le sphincter

Ukungqinelana isakhiwo ingquza zizinto ezibonisa awayedla ezimbi ye phecana emathunjini. Phakathi mpawu ziqhelekileyo spasm le sphincter (zangaphandle okanye zangaphakathi), nto leyo iintlungu okanye ukungaphatheki kwi empundwini.

Izizathu zale meko:

• iingxaki zempilo yengqondo;
• nokuqunjelwa elide;
• ukudumba ezingapheliyo kummandla sphincter lwangaphakathi okanye lwangaphandle;
• innervation ngokugqithiseleyo.

Ngako oko Ubude umsindo:

• spasm elide luphawulwa intlungu kakhulu loo nto, elakhe ukuthatha analgesics eqhelekileyo.
• aqaqambayo ezidlulayo - emfutshane ngesiquphe intlungu elibukhali kwi ezimpundu, uqhebeke amalungu zangasese okanye tailbone.

Kuxhomekeka unobangela spasm ingaba:

• ephambili (ngenxa yeengxaki luvo);
• lesibini (ngenxa yeengxaki ethunjini amaninzi).

Zokubonisa le uphawu zezi:

• imbonakalo intlungu ngenxa noxinzelelo;
• stoped ubuhlungu xa defecation okanye ukusebenzisa amanzi ashushu;
• ahlekise yenzelwe ingquza kwaye Nonika coccyx, isinqe (perineum) okanye isisu.

Uxilongo lweenkqubo zophendlo lwezifo

• Itomography ngekhompyutha uyakwazi ukubona polyp kunye nezinye Ukwakheka engaqhelekanga.
• A biopsy isetyenziselwa ukugqiba yobubi iinkqubo ithumba.
• Anoscopy (rektomanoskopiya) isetyenziselwa ukuvavanya imeko yangaphakathi empundu kwakunye uthatha izinto biopsy.
• Anorectal manometry. Ukungqinelana isakhiwo ingquza (jonga umfanekiso. Ngaphezu) ikhutshwa phandle izixhobo diagnosis kwezihlunu (sphincter) ezinqeni. Ixesha elininzi izihlunu ezimpundu angena ezikhundleni Wasolula ukulawula defecation kunye flatulentsiey. To asibhozo anesihlanu ekhulwini isandi carcinomas le ezimpundu wenza sphincter anal lwangaphakathi. Kwimeko yokunqongophala ayoneli okanye ulungelelaniso phakathi izihlunu kumgangatho zangasese kunye sphincter ezimpundu liphuhlisa diskheziya ukuba ubonisa nobunzima defecation nokuqunjelwa.
• iimviwo efakwa. Lendlela ityhila Ithemba, prolapse kwamathumbu, isibeleko, hemorrhoids, fistulas, ehlola kunye nezinye izifo ngezantsi kunye isikali.
• US ezinqeni. Ngokusekelwe kolu phando sithi ubukho yamathumba, ukuqinisekisa indawo yabo kunye nobukhulu, ukubhaqa hemorrhoids njalo njalo.

Kabi kule ngingqi anorectal

Isakhiwo yokwakheka ngezantsi kukuba ulusu kule ndawo awudibani, kwaye nezibaya yayo xa ukungathotyelwa lwezempilo, ukuqhina ukusoloko okanye ukurhuda nga yindlu iintsholongwane, nto leyo leswikulu ukungakhululeki, ukutyabuka, ukurhawuzelela, ivumba kunye neentlungu.

Ukunciphisa ezi mpawu kunye nokuthintela kwabo kufuneka ube:

• Hlamba ingquza kunye isikhumba ngeenxa ngamanzi ngaphandle anesepha (le yokugqibela koma ulusu kwaye, ngenxa yoko, kukhokelela ekubeni ubuhlungu nakakhulu). Kuyimfuneko ukuba zincede zikhethe ukutshiza "Kavilon" okanye ukusetyenziswa kotywala usula mahala (njengoko toilet paper i ukubacaphukisa isikhumba).
• Isikhumba kwindawo ezimpundu kufuneka owomileyo.
• Kuyimfuneko ukuba ngumqobo ukufuma umthondo. Umzekelo, wacebisa ngokusebenzisa cream "Dimethicone" kudala olukhuselayo umboniso eluswini ngemva ngezantsi.
• Ukusetyenziswa amakha yamayeza (umz, talc okanye cornstarch). Kufuneka isicelo pre-ukucocwa wome isikhumba.
• Ukusetyenziswa ngelinen ezilahlwayo okanye izikhuseli ubumanzi ukufunxa.
• Ukusetyenziswa "nomoya" yangaphantsi neempahla kwimathiriyeli zendalo cut ezamahala loo nto agcine intshukumo.
• Kwimeko ngumchamo ilindle, xa ufuna ukubuyisela impahla.

unyango

Ukuqeshwa kwanonyango ethile ixhomekeke kuhlobo sifo. Xa spasm le sphincter ngaphezu kwabo bonke ukuphelisa izizathu ezibangele kubo. Ukongeza, laxatives babelwa, elwa, iintlungu kunye spasmolytics ngohlobo Amafutha / suppositories, kwakunye nonyango emzimbeni, yombane, izicelo, yokuthanjiswa, enema micro. Ngenxa kwawo yonyango endala kuba imisebenzi ngotyando wenziwe.

unyango Hemorrhoid ikhutshwa phandle usebenzisa amakhandlela ezizodwa kunye namafutha aqholiweyo, kwakunye neendlela zotyando. izifo iziphene (atresia ngezantsi) edinga atyandwe ngokukhawuleza. Yamathumba ngezantsi zinyangwe indibanisela radiation kunye chemotherapy, kwakunye nokususwa ngotyando yamathumba. Iintanda kwindawo empundu enyangekayo ngokugqibeleleyo kunye iibhate ezikhethekileyo, ukutya, amakhandlela ephilisa nezithambiso, kwakunye intsumpa. Ithemba kunye prolapse efakwa ukuphelisa iindlela yotyando.