Isixhobo sokuguqula: iminyaka eyi-125 kwimpilo yemihla ngemihla

Nabani na umninimzi ohlala ekhaya usetyenziso lwezixhobo eziyimfuneko kunye neziyimfuneko zokumnceda ukujamelana nokuphazamiseka, ukuba ngokukhawuleza "umxube" we-"pumps-plucked", "i-zakaprunichala" umbhobho wamanzi okanye enye incoko ivelisa ukungavumelani kumoya ococekileyo wekhaya. Esi simiso sihlala siquka isikrolo. Yilesi sixhobo - i-compact, elula ukuyisebenzisa kunye elula-ikuvumela ukuba udibanise i nut ngokuqinisekileyo nayiphi na ubukhulu, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa isixhobo senguqu. Kulo nqanaba langoku lobomi kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeli fowuni, ezahlukileyo kwifom, izinto eziphathekayo kunye neziphathamandla.

Isikhwama esitshintshileyo sinomlando omdala-sibona ikhulu elinamanci mabini anesihlanu iminyaka. Iprototype ekudaleni esi sixhobo, nangona kunjalo ingaqhelekanga, isandla somntu. Ewe, yile nxalenye yomzimba eyasebenza njengomgudu wokudalwa ngo-1888 kwisixhobo sokuqala esinjalo. Kwaye emva koko, ngokwempawu zakhe, zonke ezinye izitshixo zenziwe-ukucoca, ukubhobhoza, ukuzibamba, ukudibanisa.

Ingcamango yokudala esi sixhobo safika kuYu P. Johansson, waseSwitzerland ngokuzalwa. Ukuqhubela phambili kwinto yokuba umntu usebenzisa isandla sakhe kuphela, enqwenela ukuthatha into nayiphi na isayizi, wachaza ukuba kunokwenzeka ukudala isixhobo esifana naye, esiya kulungelelanisa iinqutyana zeeramitha zonke. Ndiyabulela kule ngcamango, kubonakala isihenqo, esithi "isandla sensimbi".

Emva kokufumana inani elikhulu lokuguqulwa nokuphuculwa, esi sixhobo saphila nanamhla, sishiye njengento ebalulekileyo kwimpilo yemihla ngemihla kwaye sinandipha intlonelo enkulu kubo bonke abaphathi.

Le fowuni, njengomthetho, yenziwe ngeentlobo ezimbini zensimbi: i-carbonaceous, engenakho izithako ezifana ne-chromium, i-manganese, i-vanadium, kunye ne-alloying (ngokudibanisa i-chromium, titanium, i-silicon, i-nickel, njl.).

"Izandla ze-iron" azifani nje kwindlela yokwenziwa kweekhemikhali, kodwa nangendlela yokucubungula: ingaba ngumatshini okanye i-thermal.

Ukuze ukhusele i-wrench eguquguqukayo kwi-corrosion, ifakwe kwiimveliso ezikhethekileyo: i-chrome, i-oxide okanye i-phosphoric. Izixhobo zanamhlanje zinenani elikhulu lokuguqulwa kunye neendlela ezinokulungelelanisa kunabo abadlulileyo.

Ngenxa yeengubo ezinobuncwane kunye nokufakelwa kweplastiki, zingasetyenziselwa ngisho nakwizinga elisezantsi. Nangona kunjalo, iindawo ezinokuhlala zihlala zihlala ziqhelekileyo zitshixo zetsimbi.

Isixhobo sokulungelelanisa sineengxenye ezintathu: i-handle kunye ne-I-section, i-worm gear neepongue. Isiponji esicacile phantse zonke iilwimi zinomlawuli ovumela ukuba ubeke inani elifunekayo "lomqala". Kule meko, kufuneka ikhunjulwe ingqalelo ukuba ubude bendlela yokuphatha ngqo kuxhomekeke kubukhulu obukhulu be nut, umsebenzi onokuthi "ungathatha".

Umgaqo oyintloko wokugcinwa kwesi sixhobo ukuwuhlambulula kwindawo yokungcola. Ukunyaniseka okunjalo ekunyamekeleni, ukuzinza, ukuzithengisa kunye nokusebenzisa kakuhle kwenza le divayisi ibe ngumhlobo obalaseleyo kunoma yiyiphi iplumberhi, umatshini kunye nomntu oqhelekileyo ozijonga njengenkosi yendlu.