Ithempeli likaMaxim leNgcaciso (iKrasnoturyinsk). Imbali kunye nobomi bwanamhlanje

KwiiNyakatho zaseMntla kukho itempile ehle kakhulu ye-Maxim i-Confessor (iKrasnoturyinsk). Esi sakhiwo esisihloko esisihlanu, sihle siqhathaniswa nomkhumbi wasezulwini, indlu yayo yegolide iphakama phezulu. Lungcwaliswa ngokuhlonipha umfundisi wefilosofi kunye nefilosofi, owayehlala kwii-VI-VII iikholeji kuqala eByzantium, emva koko eColchis. Izwi leentsimbi zesonto kunye neengoma zabo ezinamandla kunye nezingamandla zikhupha amalungu enkonzo. Njengamasonto amaninzi ehlabathini lethu, wayazi iminyaka yokuchuma, wafunda amaxesha amanzima kwaye, ekugqibeleni, ixesha lokuzalwa kwakhona. Kodwa malunga nento yonke.

Icawa lenkuni

Kwiminyaka ye-XVIII kwakukho kule mimandla yemigodi yeemayini, eyasungulwa ngumthengisi uMaxim Pokhodoshin. Emva kwexesha, unyana wakhe, enqwenela ukuqhubela phambili inkumbulo kayise, wakha icawa yamatye emangcwabeni, apho ngo-1787 yazingcwaliswa ngozuko lweMonk Maximus i-Confessor, umphathiswa wasezulwini. Ukusuka kwindawo yamangcwaba yancinci yavela kwiparadesi kwaye yakhonza uThixo nabantu kuze kube ngo-1829 yachithwa ngomlilo.

Ngenxa yesiphumo esinjalo, abahlali bafumene ngokwabo ngaphandle kokutya kokomoya. Ngo-1842, umphathi weemigodi MI. I-Protasov yabhalela abaphathi abasemagunyeni malunga nokukhathazeka kwakhe ngokugqithiseleyo nemeko yokuziphatha yabemi bendawo. Oku akumangalisi - ipesenteji enkulu kubo babesemagunyeni, emva kweminyaka yokuvalelwa entolongweni, bahlala kwiidolophana ezikufutshane. I-Protasov yabona indlela yokuphuma kwimeko eyenziwe ekwakhiweni kwecawa enkulu yamatye kwindawo yecawa elinyukayo, ukuvakatyelelwa kwayo kuya kuba nefuthe kumntu owayesecaleni.

Ukuqala kokwakhiwa kwecawa yamatye

Kwiminyaka emibini kamva, ekugqibeleni konke ukulibaziseka kwezenzo, itempile yaMaxim yeNtsumli yagqitywa. I-Krasnoturinsk isasisixeko esincinane, kwaye ngelo xesha yayiyindawo kuphela yokuhlala kwiindawo zokuhlala ezimbini-i-Goroblagodatsky neBogoslovsky.

Umgama wayo ukusuka kwikomkhulu yayiyinye yezizathu eziye zanciphisa isantya sokwakha. Ukungenelela komntu wedwa we-Petersburg Academy of Arts, uMbusi waseLeuchtenberg, wanikela ngamandla umsebenzi.

Ikontraka enkulu yabonwa. Waba ngumthengisi weqela lesithathu uSakovlev. Kodwa ngokugqithiseleyo lijongene nomsebenzi we-serf muzhik Nikandr Trukhin. Ukungenakho imfundo nokuthembela kuphela kumava, ubulumko kunye nokuqonda, lo mntu wabuya wamisa itempile, eyayiyiminyaka yokungahloneli uThixo. Baye basebenza ngokunyanisekileyo, bazi ukuba bazama uThixo. Nahalturish - kwihlabathi elizayo ukuphendula. Ithempeli laseSt. Maximus iCompress lakhiwa ngesitayela saseByzantium ngokuklanywa komqambi uAlpusto.

Umsebenzi weeMasters eMoscow

Kwaye kwinqununu okwangoku, badala i-iconostasis yekamva elizayo. Umculi A. Maximov kunye nomqambi uG. Ponomarev kunye nomdwebi I. Vladimirov waqala ukwenza. Imisebenzi yenziwa ngokuhambelana neprojekthi evunyiweyo ngaphambili, nangona kunjalo abadlali babenomxholo omkhulu wokwakha. Ekugqibeleni wagqitywa ngo-1851, i-iconostasis kunye nezinye iimpawu zafika kwii-Urals. Ngomnyaka olandelayo itempile kaMaxim weNgcaciso eKrasnoturinsk yayingcwelisiweyo.

Iimpawu zetempile zaye zenziwe ngepeyinti ngumculi waseSt. Petersburg uA. Maximov. Kulungile ukuba abemi beli sixeko bakholelwe ukuba ukubhala kwabo kungokwamakhosikazi ase-Italy. Le mpazamo ibangelwa kukuba uMakhsiv, ekubeni ngumfundi owaziwayo uK. Briullov, waphila waza wasebenza kunye notitshala wakhe e-Italy iminyaka elishumi elinesithathu. Isandla saKhe sisesibingelelweni sokubethela esiphambanweni sikaYesu Kristu.

Ukuvalwa kwethempelini ngexesha lamaSoviet

Kwiminyaka emininzi itempile yayijolise ebomini benkolo kwimigodi yaseTurin. Ukukhanyiswa kwakhe kunye nomsebenzi wokufundisa kwaqhubeka kwaze kwaba ngo-1934. Ngesigqibo sebhunga lommandla wendawo, uMoya waseCaffesist (iKrasnoturyinsk) uvaliwe.

Emva kwexesha elide kunye nokungaphumeleli ukuzama ukuvuthela isakhiwo, kwagqitywa ukuba kuthunyelwe kubaphathi bezoqoqosho ukuze basebenzise ngokuqonda kwabo. Ekuqaleni, kwakukho igumbi lokugcinwa kwe-NKVD, kwaye emva kwexesha kwakhiwa kwakhona kwaye yavula i-cinema.

Ukubuyiselwa kweTempile

Kuphela ngo-1995, ngesigqibo seSixeko saseDuma, icawa yaseMaxim yeCompress (iKrasnoturyinsk) yabuyiselwa kubafundisi. Nangona kukho ukuphazamiseka okuhambelana nomsebenzi wokwakha nokubuyisela, iinkonzo zikaThixo zaqala ngokukhawuleza. Iimvumi ze-Choir, ezenziwe yimikhosi yama-parishioners, ngenxa yobugcisa obuphezulu benkokeli yabo-unina uTatyana, ngokukhawuleza waqala ukukhangela ingqalelo kunye nobuhle besandi.

Ngaphezu kwekhulu leminyaka nesiqingatha kudlulile ukususela ekubeni ilitye lesiseko setempile lafakwa. Kuzo, iipaki zonke ezivela ebomini belizwe ziqulethwe. Ukususela ngelo xesha, yonke into ejikelezile ishintshile ngaphaya kokuqaphela. Kodwa, ngokwemizwi yompostile uPawulos, uThixo ngamaxesha onke afana neetempileni Zakhe ezingcwele, esaphila kumaxesha amanzima, azisa nekhaya labo esibhakabhakeni. Kwaye kwiminyaka emininzi edlulileyo, unqulo ubiza itempileni yakhe ngetempile yakhe yokubhenela i-Maxim i-Confessor (iKrasnoturyinsk).