Izibakala inokuthenjwa malunga iwayini ezindala emhlabeni

eminyaka eyadlulayo, abantu kuphela ekuqaleni ukufunda iimpawu ezimangalisayo yeediliya. Kwaye nkqu ngoko abantu thelekelwayo ukusetyenziswa kwayo ukuze imveliso yesiselo elixabisekileyo - iwayini. Ngenxa abembi mihla zakudala kwakudala rhoqo bembonisa kunye amasuntswana zewayini, sinokufunda lukhulu malunga iwayini ezindala emhlabeni. Kweli nqaku siza kwazisa ukuba ezafunyanwa kakhulu. Njengoko na entsimini, phantsi komxholo othi iwayini endala, zininzi iinkcukacha ezithembekileyo ngokupheleleyo ziyaphikisana yaye hayi ehlabathini. Sinikeza kuwe iinkcukacha ezichanekileyo umdla malunga imizila amfumana iwayini yamandulo.

Ibhotile mdala yewayini ehlabathini

Gcina lo mboniso emangalisayo ezixabisekileyo kwi Historical Museum eJamani. Siye safumanisa ukuba ngo-1867 ngexesha kumbiwa kwidolophu encinane waseJamani yaseSpeyer. Emva koko ke edibeneyo kwafunyanwa kwingcwaba igosa laseRoma kunye nomfazi wakhe. Ngokutsho kweengcali, imbali iwayini ezindala emhlabeni yaqala kwiminyaka engaphezu 1690 eyadlulayo! Kwezi elishumi elinamithandathu ezifumaneka iintsuba sarcophagus polutoralitrovyh, omnye kuphela abasindayo. Ngokutsho ilivo wamandulo, le iwayini qiniseka ukuba akhaphe ekufeni kokufa. Ngelishwa, ukuze kuthi ga ngoku imixholo ibhotile ayikwazanga uya kusindiswa ifomu yayo yasekuqaleni. Ngoku ulwelo kunokuba ezimuncu selubala kunye namafutha omnquma. Ewe, ewe, ioli! Kumaxesha amandulo, nentsuba yewayini kusoloko kukho imali encinci le mveliso, nto leyo ke utywala ngumphunga. Ngelishwa, le ndlela yokulinganisa kusindiswa kuphela iminyaka embalwa, kodwa hayi iinkulungwane.

Enye Eneneni akukho umdla ngaphantsi kukuba kumaxesha amandulo kokuvalelwa neentsuba zewayini. Kuyinto namhlanje sonke baqhele ukuba izithuthi eziqhelekileyo, naphambi ibhotile uphawu ngumthwebeba. Ngoko ke unako ukusindisa imixholo iibhotile endala. Emva ukhokho bendiya mabethunana nje kude iminyaka emininzi kangaka.

Enye deal German, newayini indala ehlabathini, eziveliswa kule nkulungwane yeminyaka - oku asele ngo-1727. umboniso zigcinwa imyuziyam yesixeko Bremen.

Iwayini ezindala emhlabeni evela China

Okwangoku, akukho ezafunyanwa yamandulo ngakumbi, wafumanisa e China ngaphezu kwewayini - yena ngaphezu kweminyaka elithoba amawaka! Oku irayisi iwayini equlethwe kumafa yayo, hayi kuphela isiseko cereal, kodwa iidiliya, ubusi, kunye nezinye iziqhamo. Ngexesha kumbiwa kwafunyanwa ngaphezu kweelitha ezintlanu kule isiselo yamandulo akabanga nabuganga zama nayiphi zakudala. Eneneni, ixesha elide kangaka zigcinwa ngesitya sobhedu, nje ukuba oxidize yaye zimbi.

Kwaye enye eselwayo ifanelwe ukubizwa ngokuba iwayini indala ehlabathini, China usinike. Ndafumanisa ukuba bekungenjalo khale - ngo-1980, ngexesha Ukumba Xinjiang. Ngokutsho neziphumo zoviwo, oko wenza oku iwayini ngo-1300 BC.

iwayini endala Spain kaThixo

iwayini pretty endala - eziveliswa eSpeyin ngo-1775 kwaye isihloko "jerez de la Fronteira" - igcinwa kwi iCrimea Museum "Massandra". Price of iwayini ezindala emhlabeni waba ngaphezu amahlanu amawaka eerandi ngo-2001 ibhotile nganye. Oku eli xabiso wanikwa kwiqashiso ifandesi Sotheby kaThixo.

Enye ummeli nomnikelo seediliya ezinqabileyo - Chateau D'Yquem. Bottle of eziveliswa emva ngo-1787 kwi- wayini Bordeaux wathengiswa ngo-2006 90 amawaka eerandi. Namhlanje ke iwayini kuyabiza kakhulu kuthengiswa kwimbali yeefandesi iwayini.

iwayini Iranian antique

Ngexesha elinye uphando zakudala eziveliswa kwinxalenye esemantla Iran, inqanawa kunye iintsalela ezingamathambo umbala bulubhelu wafunyanwa. Emva kokuba kugqitywe uviwo ngenyameko bafumana izinto bafumanisa ukuba uthole umdla - ukuba omnye, njengoko iminyaka endala iwayini iminyaka engaphezu kwama amawaka asixhenxe! Kukho ingcamango yokuba ishishini iwayini mihla imvelaphi yayo ezintabeni West Asia.

lokufumanisa entsha

Kutsha nje, ngexesha kukugrumba kufuphi Tower of London wafunyanwa ibhotile manzi yewayini ethe yaveliswa kwi Madeira. Abembi bezinto zakudala baye bafumana efihlakeleyo ekule umyalelo wamajoni ngenkulungwane elinesixhenxe. Oku kuthetha ukuba kwewayini naphi ukususela 1679. Kukho kwinguqulo simswelise eyenziwe phakathi kwenkulungwane elinesixhenxe yeediliya neyaseMadeira, ize emva koko ithunyelwe kwi-amathanga British. Kungenzeka, iwayini engumphumela basiva, umnini iyahlutha kokulungileyo, kwaye elinye ixesha yinqakrzaze. Le nguqulelo kuye kwavela ngenxa ibhotile evulekileyo ezifumaneka kufutshane yamandulo.

Kodwa kuthekani eYurophu?

Abavela kwanamaGrike Kwakhona uzama ukubonisa ukuba kumazwe abo, iwayini kakhulu, ezandulelayo, kunye newayini bafumanisa emdala kakhulu ngoku. Ngoko ke, ebudeni ngabembi eGrisi kwafunyanwa malunga ezimbini kunye nembewu isiqingatha iwaka iidiliya kwaye iidiliya ngaphantsi kwe kwamakhulu amathathu ezingenanto, ezibe abaminyaka yobudala eyi-ubuncinane amawaka asixhenxe. iintsalela beediliya zibonisa ukuba aphume kuyo, mhlawumbi, ngaloo mihla kummandla kamva iculwa zeemposiso kunye kumabali Greece wenza iwayini okanye incindi. Kuhleli kuphela ukungqina ukuba amathambo ziye kwafunyanwa - oku iimveliso inkunkuma oyintanda kangaka ehlabathini zisele.