Izilwanyana zaseUkraine: ukuphononongwa, iimpawu kunye neenkcukacha ezithakazelisayo

Ngokwezinzululwazi, iplanethi yomhlaba yindawo ephela kwindalo apho kukho ubomi. Ekubeni inendawo enkulu, izidalwa eziphilileyo zithatha iindawo zazo zendalo. Kwaye, ke, bafuna indawo apho baya kukhululeka khona. Ngoko, iUkraine inezityalo eziphathekayo kunye nezilwanyana. Ngokumalunga nezilwanyana, apho ummandla wakuchaphazela intsimi yeli lizwe, funda kwinqaku.

Amanani ambalwa

I-Ukraine yilizwe apho iifama ezingama-28 zifumaneka khona. Iintlobo ezingaphezu kweesithandathu, okanye ngaphezulu kwee-690 - zii-vertebrates. Ezi ziquka izilwanyana, inani labo lilinganiselwa kwiintlobo ezili-100, iintaka (iintlobo zazo e-Ukraine zi-350), izilwanyana ezihlambulukileyo (zikhona ezingaphezu kwe-20 zazo). Ama-Amphibiya anama-19 kuphela angama-28 amawaka, iintlanzi ezingama-90 zezilwandle zasolwandle kunye ne-110 zamanzi amanzi.

Ngokuphathelele iinambuzane kunye neprotozoa, iqela labo lona liqela kakhulu. Iklasi yama-arachnids liqela elihle, elibandakanya iintlobo ezingaphezu kwama-3300. Ezinye iintlobo zezinambuzane zingama-20,000. Elula eUkraine ikhulu elinamanci elinamanci mabini, kunye neebhubu - iintlobo ezimashumi asixhenxe.

Izilwanyana eziqhelekileyo e-Ukraine

Njengoko kwathiwa ngaphambili, izilwanyana zase-Ukraine ziyinxalenye enkulu kakhulu. Ziziphi iintlobo eziqhelekileyo kwintsimi yelizwe? Ngoko, kukho ezininzi izidlo apha. Ezi ziquka abameli beengcuka zeengcuka, izimpungushe, i-martens, i-lynxes. Ezinye izilwanyana zase-Ukraine zi-artiodactyls. Iqela labo lenziwa ngama-elks kunye nezibhokhwe zasendle, i-roe deer kunye ne-mouflons. Leli gama liguguwe neegusha zasendle. Iidoda eziqhelekileyo kweli lizwe zi-gophers, i-jerboas, i-hamsters kunye namagundane endle.

Izilwanyana zaseUkraine azizona nje izidlo kunye ne-artiodactyls. Eli lizwe linenani elikhulu leentlanzi, ezifana ne-pike, i-carp, i-perch, i-bream. Kwaye iintaka eziqhelekileyo apha zii-owls kunye ne-partridges, i-gull kunye ne-hazel grouses emnyama. Ngaloo ndlela, inyama yaseUkraine ihluke kakhulu, kwaye kwilizwe unako ukuhlangabezana nabameli beentlobo ezininzi zezilwanyana zasendle.

Kwintsimi yeli lizwe kukho inani elikhulu eliyingozi kubantu. Ezinye zazo zinetyhefu, kanti ezinye zincinci kakhulu. Ezi ziquka iinyoka, i-tarantulas kunye ne-karakurts, kunye ne-scolopendra. Ngaloo ndlela, akuzona zonke izilwanyana zase-Ukraine "zi-sweet" ne "furry". Inkcazo yazo yonke inokuthatha ixesha elide, ngoko ayiyi kuboniswa kweli nqaku. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abaya kutyelela amahlathi kunye neentaba zase-Ukraine, kubalulekile ukuba bafunde zonke iingozi ezingabalinda.

Ukwahlula kwezilwanyana ngemimandla yendalo

Izilwanyana zase-Ukraine ziqela elikhulu. Ukuhlaliswa kwabo kuxhomekeke kwindawo yendalo apho basasazwa kuyo. Ngoko, yiziphi izilwanyana zase-Ukraine ezihlala kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zeli lizwe?

• E-Polissya, iibhokhwe zasendle, i-forest martens, iingcuka, i-roe deer ne-fox zifumaneka rhoqo. Ngaphambili, iimbombo ezibomvu zazihlala apha, kodwa ngoku uhla lwazo luye lwafudukela kwiindawo ezikude. I-Beavers, i-otters kunye ne-mink yintsimi ebalulekileyo yobomi. Ezi zi lwanyana nazo ziyafumaneka kwiPolissya. Izinyoka ezinobungozi njengeemferi, zifumaneka kule ndawo yemvelo kunye neengqungquthela ezinqabileyo kunye namaqatha.
• Endaweni yehlathi, apho iintlobo zehlathi kunye neentlobo zezilwanyana zihlala khona. Ezi zibandakanya amagundane endle, iindiza, iindlovu kunye ne-roe deer, kunye ne-ferrets, i-hamsters kunye neerati ze-mole.

• Kwii-steppes, ngokuqhelekileyo kukho iigulane, umzekelo i-jerboas kunye ne-squirrels, kunye ne-gentry. Iintaka, ezihlala kwindawo ye-steppe, azifaneki zihlala kwi-steppes zase-Ukraine. Ezi ziquka i-bustard, i-crane, ukhozi lwelitye, kunye ne-bustle.
• KwiiCarpathians zihlala zize zivelise abameli bezilwanyana, njengentaba ye-mountain, i-snow voles. I-Lynx, i-hazel grouse, i-black grouse kunye ne-wood grouse zifumaneka kwintlambo yehlathi. I-roe deer, i-martens, i-squirrels, i-boars, ii-hawks, ama-eagle nama-fox-zonke ezi zizilwanyana zihlala kuyo nayiphi na indawo yeentaba zaseCarpathian. Nokuba ikati ehlaseleyo ihlala apha.

Iimpawu ze-Ukraine

Kuyaziwa ukuba phantse wonke amazwe aneempawu zawo. Ngokuqhelekileyo ezi ziphi na izilwanyana okanye izityalo. IRashiya inobhere, kwaye iFransi, umzekelo, inomdla. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukubonakala kwesimboli sezilwanyana kunaliphi na ilizwe ngenxa yokuba esi sidalwa sisoloko sichazwe kwiingxelo zabantu, iindaba kunye neengcamango.

I-Ukraine ayinaso isimboli sezilwanyana. Nangona emva kokukhethwa koluntu kwizilwanyana ze-mascot, abemi belizwe abazange bafikelele kwinto efanayo. Inyaniso yinto yokuba isimboli salo rhulumente sinokuba ihashe okanye ityelelo, i-cuckoo okanye i-crane, isorkork okanye i-nightingale, ingumgwinya okanye ikhwelo.

Zonke ezi zimpawu zezilwanyana zase-Ukraine zifumaneka kwi-folklore yabantu. Nangona kunjalo, ngeempumelelo efanayo kwiingoma kunye neengoma eziqulunqwe ngabase-Ukraine, kubhekiswe ngeengcuka kunye neebhere, inkukhu kunye noonogwaja. Omnye urhulumente akakwazi ukuba neempawu ezininzi zezilwanyana. Ngethuba elifanayo, akubona bonke aba bameli abaqaphelisayo, kwaye le yimeko efunekayo xa ukhetha uphawu lwelizwe.

Eyona ndlela ikhethekileyo yi-Falcon Rurikovich. Yayibonakaliswa kumaxesha okuqala kwisibonakaliso sombuso kwifom yesimo. Ngoku uguqulwa ube yintathu.

Iingxaki zezilwanyana zase-Ukraine

Okwangoku, abantu bahlakulela ubuchwepheshe, benze izixhobo ezintsha kunye noomatshini. Ngenxa yesenzo esiqhwithelayo, abantu bayonakalisa indawo yokuhlala yendalo yezilwanyana ezininzi, ngoko abantu babo baqala ukuhla, kunye neentlobo-zinyamalale. Kwintsimi ye-Ukraine, ininzi yezilwanyana zezilwanyana ziye zabhaliswe, ezifakwe kwi-Red Book.

Imbali yeBlack Book ye-Ukraine

I-Ukrainian Red Book ixwebhu olusemthethweni. Kwiphepha layo unokufumana izinto malunga nazo zonke izilwanyana kunye nezityalo ezisekupheleni kokuphela, kwaye ziqabile kwaye ziphantse zenzeke zasendle. Ukusebenza nolu xwebhu, izazinzulu zenza amanyathelo asetyenziswa ukugcina abantu abaninzi.

Iyintoni imbali yeBlack Book? Ezinye izityalo nezilwanyana zaseUkraine zangena okokuqala ngo-1980. Emva koko uxwebhu lwapapashwa ngomqulu owodwa. Nangona kunjalo, iminyaka elishumi elinanye emva koko, iBhuku eliBomvu lavela kwiindawo ezimbini. Omnye wabo wazinikela kwihlabathi lezilwanyana, kunye nezinye - kwilizwe lezityalo. Ukusasazwa kwemibandela yomibini yayingama-7,000 neekhilomitha eziliwaka.

Iintsholongwane ezingama-550 zezilwanyana, ngokuthe ngqo kwi-542, kunye ne-826 iintlobo zefungi kunye nezityalo, ziye zangena kwiphephancwadi yakutsha, eyapapashwa ngo-2009.

Ziziphi izilwanyana eziseBlack Book ye-Ukraine?

Kwintsimi ye-Ukraine kukho inani elikhulu lezilwanyana eziye zafakwa kwiBlack Book. Zonke zifakiwe kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo. Ngamnye wabo ubonisa umlinganiselo othile wengozi. Ngokomzekelo, ukunyamalala yizo zilwanyana eziza kutshabalala ebusweni bomhlaba. Ukufunyanwa kwangaphambili kwakukho ekupheleni kokuphela, kodwa ngoku iimeko zabo zilungiswa.

Izilwanyana ezidweliswe kwi-Red Book yaseUkraine ziyiigundane, izilwanyana, izilwanyana, umzekelo, iinambuzane eziqhelekileyo kunye neentambo ezincinane. Amaqela abo enza uluhlu lwoluhlu. Izilwanyana ezincinci zezilwanyana ze-artiodactyl kunye ne-equine, inambuzane kunye ne-pinnipeds, imikhomo kunye nehares, ezifana ne-bison, hares ne-azov, zisengozini.

Ukurekhoda kwezilwanyana

Kulo mhlaba kukho inani elikhulu lezinto eziphilayo ezidlula abanye ngolwazi oluthile. Umzekelo, ezinye zihamba ngokukhawuleza, ngelixa abanye bexhuma phezulu. EUkraine kukho kwakhona abagcini-rekhodi, abayaziwa kuwo wonke umhlaba.

Eyona nto inkulu kweli lizwe yi-bison. Ubunzima balo bunokufikelela kwiitoni ngokupheleleyo kwaye lide lidlule. Ngendlela, izilwanyana zaseUkraine ngokubhekiselele ekukhuleni nazo zirekhodi zabanikazi. Kwaye kwakhona i-bison, kuba ekuhleni kwayo ukukhula kwayo kufinyelela kumibini okanye kumitha emithathu. Kodwa i-moose ineempondo ezicebileyo. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwabo kuyimitha enye nesigamu. Umncinci mncinane uyindoda ehloniphekileyo - enye imitha.

Umhlali oselwandle olukhulu kunabo bonke ihlengethwa yeDophin yaseBlack Sea . Ubude bomzimba beli silwanyana kufinyelela kumitha emithathu. I-Shrew Shrew Shrew yisidalwa esincinane. Kanye nomsila, inokungena kumlawuli oyisentimitha ezintandathu ubude. Izisindo, ubuninzi bexabiso elifikelela kwigramu ezili-10, okwaneleyo ukulinganisa umzimba wakhe.

Ngokukhawuleza kunabo bonke baseUkraine, intonga enokugijima ngesivinini seekhilomitha ezili-70 ngeyure. Ubude buyi-beaver. Ubomi bezo zilwanyana zasendle ziphantse iminyaka engama-50. Phakathi kwezilwanyana zasekhaya, iibongolo zihlala ixesha elide.

Ukutya kwansuku zonke kwidonphin ye-bottlenose iquka iikhigramgram ezingama-30 zenyama, ngelixa i-shrew idinga kuphela i-gram e-10 yale mveliso ngosuku.