Izimvu-Lensky Nature Reserve: izibakala umdla, iifoto. Le enezityalo nezilwanyana ye izimvu-Lena Reserve

Kweli nqaku sifuna ukuthetha izimvu-Lena Reserve. Ukuza izimvu, bambalwa abantu bacinga ukuba oku apha ukuba ummangaliso ukulondoloza izilwanyana yamandulo ezizodwa kunye nezityalo, kwakunye amalungiselelo iimeko ukuhlala obutofotofo abakhenkethi.

Beka indawo egciniweyo

Izimvu-Lensky Nature Reserve yasekwa ngo-1986. Le elise kummandla Olkhon and District Kachugsky kummandla Irkutsk. Eyona njongo ephambili yentlangano yakhe kukugcina izakhiwo zendalo, leyo uphawu kumntla-ntshona kummandla zamanzi. I-Reserve yolula ecaleni inxalenye yasentshona echibini ayi-120. ummandla ogcweleyo kungaphezu 659.000 hectares.

Ummandla izimvu-Lena Reserve ise inxalenye esemntla ezintabeni olusemazantsi eSiberia. Wasithabatha Kumazantsi izimvu Mountains, lalo entabeni kwindawo Sayano-zamanzi.

zone-ngozi iwela kwiindawo seismicity ophezulu. Kulo nyaka kukho phezulu ukuya ezimakhulu mabini neenyikima.

Climate zone ekhuselweyo

Imozulu izimvu-Lena Reserve yezwekazi ngokubanzi. Kulo nyaka kukho ewela 400 eemilimitha ye kwezulu. Ezintabeni ebusika baziqwebele snowpack enkulu, nto leyo isasazwa hayi ngokufanayo kwi sites ezahlukeneyo. I Kufuneka utshilo okokuba ezi izihlwele ikhephu na umthombo wamanzi izityalo kunye nezilwanyana. Xa nasezimfanteni bekhephu bangaqokelela iminyaka eliqela kwaye inganyibiliki nkqu ngemihla lobushushu ehlotyeni.

imithombo yamanzi

Ummandla izimvu-Lena Reserve yi izityebi ngamanzi. Kulapha ngemvelaphi ye-Lena River, malunga neekhilomitha ezingama-250 ujikeleze lonke emazweni ezikhuselweyo. Isebenza ezininzi enemijelo ezintabeni ngokukhawuleza kunye nemilambo. Eyona inkulu zezi: allyl, Anay, Negnaday, Yuhta, Pankucha. Umthombo we-Lena - ichibi encinane, ibekwe kwi kwamaxandeka kuluhlu amathathu ukusuka Lake zamanzi.

Ngaphakathi reserve kukho amachibi ezininzi. Bonke bephela mincinci kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo elime kule zizandyondyo asezintlanjeni lomlambo. imizimba amanzi indawo iyonke malunga nama-2.5 amawaka eehektare.

Izimvu-Lena Reserve: isityalo

Umngcipheko wemozulu, zejoloji, iimpawu zelizwe reserve yakhokelela peculiarity enezityalo yalo mmandla. Flora Kungoku nje iintlobo ezimakhulu mathathu ulele, kukho iintlobo elinamanci mathathu ka nomngundo, ubulembu anamanci asixhenxe anantlanu, iintlobo asithoba, anamanci mabini kwezityalo.

Ummandla okhuselweyo ibekwe kwi (ehlathini) kwindawo hlathi. Njengokuba amazwe umda ukuba okuphosela sub-ndawo yaseYurophu ukuba subregions ezininzi: East Siberian Coniferous iinkuni-and-Evrosibirskuyu ihlathi emnyama coniferous. Nantsi umsebenzi osemqoka izimvu-Lena Reserve. Izilwanyana, ngenxa yoko, waveza nezityalo ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo kwi sub-kwiingingqi ezimbini.

izityalo Reserve zimelwe ziintlobo ezisixhenxe ezahlukeneyo: ehlathini, emathafeni, ityholwana, amathafa engca nenamathafa. Kakade ke, ehlathini ukulawule. Forest yinxalenye ye-amathandathu asibhozo.

Kwindawo ebekelwe bucala, kukho iintlobo amane-ezisixhenxe izityalo relict. emathafeni esiluhlaza kunye misinga ube yindawo efanelekileyo for Conservation Plant, njengoko bodwa. Izityalo relict ikhula apha: Marshal nangwevu, itswele zeAltai, Astragalus, Hedysarum ezinoboya.

Ngomhla amazwe izimvu-Lena Reserve na iintlobo ezingamashumi amathathu zezityalo ezidweliswe kwi-Red Book of Russia. It Turchaninov iinwele ingca, polushnik kolyuchesporovy, epipogium bezlisty, yartyshnik shlemonosny kunye nabanye.

Izimvu-Lena Reserve (ifoto enikwe kweli nqaku) ifumaneka ngaphakathi kummandla hlathi, kodwa ngenxa yokuba ukhula fir kunye nespruce eSiberia, nomsedare, larch, ezinde, rhododendron, ngumhlonyane kurogolovchataya, nomsedare kunye nezinye isitya isaladi. An into umdla kukuba kwi reserve kukho izityalo sub-kwiingingqi ezahlukeneyo, bonke bephela apha naphaya ukulungiselela iimeko ezikhulayo, uya kufumana ezinye utshintsho.

Ngoko akukho mfihlelo isitya izimvu sele microclimate yaso eyodwa, into eyenziwa yindibaniselwano yee isondele ukuya izimvu Mountains and zamanzi ngokwayo. Kunye nokwakhiwa komhlaba yashiya uphawu yayo phezu utyani izimvu-Lena Reserve. Kumathambeka entabeni izityalo zicwangciswe ngokungqinelana kwimimandla altitudinal.

Emahlathini apha zimelwe imithi coniferous: larch, pine, nomsedare, nespruce, fir laseSiberia. Amashumi asixhenxe ekhulwini zehlathi ibandakanya iintlobo coniferous, amathathu kuphela - it hardwoods. Ezihlanjeni yemilambo kukhula uAshera encinane yemingcunube.

Xa reserve kukho amahlathi wofika ngokubanzi, kwaye baba phakathi kweentili komlambo kumathambeka.

Izimvu-Lensky Reserve: izityalo kunye nezilwanyana

Okwangoku, i-Reserve osekwe yokuhlala iintlobo 54 ezanyisayo, apho iintlobo ezilishumi - izinambuzane, ezintlanu - ilulwane, lishumi - karhataka, ezintlanu - uphuphu-ayabulala izilwanyana, iimpuku, elinethoba, pinnipeds omnye.

Ezidla zezona zixhaphakileyo Sable, ermine, otter, weasel. Udibana kunye wolverine. Kodwa iimbila kakhulu ezinqabileyo. Lynx ifumaneka kuphela emazantsi-ntshona e-myezo.

Iingcuka kula malungu baninzi, inani lwabo ngqo enxulumene ubukho ungulates. Iimpungutye zixhaphakile kuphela kwiindawo entabeni-ihlathi-emathafeni oselunxwemeni olusemazantsi zamanzi, nangona amaxesha beze ngapha kwezinye iindawo.

Le ibhere elimdaka luhlobo luphawu myezo. Yeyona irhamncwa likhulu ezikuyo apha phantse yonke indawo. bakuyo Ungulate kuxhomekeke uhlaza, indlela esemanzini, ikhephu ebusika, kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi. Ungulates izimvu-Lena Reserve zimelwe iintlobo: deer must, ixhama obomvu (deer ebomvu), adle, iielk, amaxhama. ixhama Red kunye amaxhama must ziyasasazwa kuyo yonke indawo. Ixhama uhlala phezu kwamaxandeka kwinxalenye esentshona zamanzi Iintaba.

Lagomorphs zimelwe kwi reserve iintlobo ezininzi: i pikas ezisemantla kunye nomvundla intaba. Inani yezi zilwanyana akwenzeki njalo, loo iyahluka ukusuka komnye unyaka ukuya komnye.

Ukususela namabuzi izimvu-Lensky Nature Reserve yi kumiwa hi oonomatse, chipmunks, nomatse eziphaphazelayo. Phakathi izilwanyana ezinqabileyo ezixabisekileyo KwiMarmot uhlala apha. Yena idweliswe kwi-Red Book of Russia, Buryatia kunye ummandla Irkutsk. Kuba izilwanyana ezininzi ezinqabileyo saba kwikhaya izimvu-Lena Reserve. Izilwanyana ukusuka kwiNcwadi Red baphantsi ukhuselo kunye nokhuseleko.

I-Reserve nalo ekhaya unomatse elide-tailed emhlabeni, muskrat, yeqondo apha kuphela kunyaka wamashumi omane kwinkulungwane yokugqibela. Yaye namabuzi ezincinane zezona vole zixhaphakileyo engwevu-macala. It ubaluleke kakhulu ukutya Sable kunye nezinye nabameli ezizingelayo. A mmi awayedla hlathi emathafeni mouse Asia. Apha Bagciniwe nkqu hamsters daurskie, kwaye nkqu Lemming eyafumanekayo ubulembu hlathi. Le uphawu rhoqo eqhelekileyo zamanzi elunxwemeni.

birds Nature Reserve

umdla kakhulu ke izimvu-Lensky nature reserve, izityalo kunye nezilwanyana ezithi kakhulu zahlukahlukene. Kukho into ngokwenene umdla linani izityalo kunye nezilwanyana, apho ibekwe ngaphakathi kuloo ntsimi.

Ke zona iintaka, ukuba apha, kukho iintlobo ezingamakhulu amabini anamashumi amathandathu. Ngubani na nje apha. Le gagaroobraznye kunye Falconiformes, cuculiformes, zhuravleobraznvye, apodiformes kunye nabanye abaninzi. Ukususela kule iseti kweentlobo kwi-Red Data Book of Russia abhalwe elinesibhozo iintlobo: eagle segolide, nengwamza omnyama, nguPallas i-Fish Eagle, gyrfalcon, ukhozi emhlophe-ezinomsila, Belladonna, nengabangaba emhlophe, bustard kunye nabanye.

Eli nani likhulu iintaka zihlala kwihlathi boreal. Ke ezinye iinkqubo zendalo abanalo kangako zinabantu.

Eziphila kunye indawo yolondolozo fish

Ezirhubuluzayo eziphila kummandla iveza amasele zaseSiberia kunye YamaSilamsi kunye intulo laseSiberia. Kukho kwakhona iintlobo ezininzi malovane. Omnye wabo - viviparous, kwaye eyesibini - nimble. Kukho iindidi ezimbini zinyoka.

Yona ke intlanzi, reserve ikhaya labo elinanye iintlobo: gadiformes, carps, Salmoniformes. Oku kuquka iindidi abemi kwamanzi le izimvu Lake, njengoko engekho kwindawo ekhuselweyo.

iintlobo emashumi mane aneminyaka esithoba of ulwelwe abhalwe echibini. Lona lisiza luqhelekileyo eluhlaza. Amachibi enkulu kunye nokwakheka iintlobo le zooplankton.

iindawo ezinika umdla zotyelelo reserve

Izimvu-Lena Reserve (ifoto zibonisa ubuhle kwezi ndawo) - yiyo kuphela enezityalo nezilwanyana apha onayo ezinika yayo. Ezi ziquka Cape Ryty, umthombo Lena, ongasekhoyo Cape entabeni Onholoy, uhlobo imyuziyam le izimvu-Lena Reserve.

Cape Ryty - enamandla eyodwa kweendawo zonqulo, zembali nezendalo. Oku mhlawumbi ndawo obufihlakeleyo Lake zamanzi. Ngokutsho legends yakhelwe phezu promontory waseMelika ebhotwe isibhakabhaka nonyana. Labantu bendawo wayesoyika ukunamathela elunxwemeni, yaye ngakumbi ukuba kuza gorge. kakhulu babengafuni umsindo oomoya. Kwaye malunga Rita umlambo amavo ezininzi.

Umthombo we uLena - yinto entle, intle, kodwa ingafikeleleki kwindawo yoluntu. It ibekwe neekhilomitha nje ezilishumi ukusuka Lake zamanzi. Xa umthombo webandla wakha ngamaplanga.

Njengokuba intaba Onholoy, abantu balapha cinga wawungcwalisa. Ukusuka kudaladala kwakukho imithandazo. Phantse kwi kakhulu encotsheni yentaba kukho indawo tyaba ye yimfumba yamatye eDibanisa okuninzi ngaphezulu kwenye nenye ngemihla yamandulo. Kwafunyanwa amatye ngo-1999. Akukho mathandabuzo ukuba lo ngumsebenzi womntu. Mhlawumbi kwakukho imithandazo.

Izimvu-Lensky State Reserve uye museum yaso, nto leyo ibekwe kwisakhiwo solawulo kwisixeko Irkutsk. Kukho imiboniso enezityalo nezilwanyana ezikhuselweyo ilizwe.

A yindawo entle kwaye unique - i izimvu-Lena Reserve. olunika umdla nobomi izilwanyana zingafunyanwa apha, kwaye maxa wambi nkqu ubone. Apho elunxwemeni kwindawo ekhuselweyo of weebhere brown. Ngoko ke igama unxweme phakathi headlands ezimbini. A Cape got igama layo ngenxa yokuba ngoMeyi, amabhere ndivuka Ebhadu elunxwemeni ukuba adle izinambuzane. Ngeli xesha emva kwabo umdla kangaka ukubukela, ungenza nokuba uthathe ifoto bemikhosi hlathi.

Kule ndawo of Cape abantu abafileyo kumhlaba kukho mlilo ezimbini yakudala, leyo kuthiwa Sunny kunye Cedar. Nangona kunjalo oluqale ngayo ixesha kakhulu, elide kakhulu, ngaloo mihla, xa kungekho bantu.

Kodwa Cape abafileyo bakholwa lingcwele ukuze Buryats. Bathi ukuba kulo bazisa umzimba kunxweme zikude Lake izimvu, wabashiya ufile, njengoko bathi, nasemarhamncweni asendle, neentaka zezulu.

Kulo myezo kukho mnye kuphela kwindawo eyodwa apho kuza iinqanawa apho kukho indlu yeendwendwe abakhenkethi. Kwakukho kudala yayiveliswa quartzites, kanye ngenxa yesi sizathu ukuba bay Zavorotnaya iye ngaphandle indawo yolondolozo mhlaba. Noko ke, ayizange beka ngokwayo kangako. Amanzi kwi bay icacile, kodwa Uhlobo nomtsalane kangangokuba akunakwenzeka ukukhangela kude. Owu, omnye plus ngakumbi Zavorotnaya wavumela lokuloba.

Ukhuselo indawo egciniweyo ngayo

Indlela yokusebenza ye egciniweyo enye yeenjongo eziphambili kukuba yokukhusela indawo yalo. Kwaye isihloko ngoku kungxamisekile kakhulu. uphuhliso Active belizwe osecaleni, oku unomdla kakhulu amahlathi kuye kwakhokelela ekubeni kubekho yoxinaniso eliphezulu labantu kwemida yommandla ezikhuselweyo. Yaye zentlako-hlaza nezasehlotyeni landa inani labakhenkethi abafike uhlale apha "savages." Konke oku kukhokelela ekwandeni kwenani amatyala. Ezinye lwazo ngabom, kodwa ezinye zenziwa ngenjongo ngolunya. belali Local wambi abandakanyeke kwemvume, nangona zonke kudala kwaziwa ukuba ekuzingeleni kule mimandla akuvumelekanga. Ukuthintela iimeko ezinjalo kufuneka sihlale kwemijikelo akhoyo kwabahloli karhulumente.

Nangona kunjalo, umonakalo omkhulu owenziwe kubantu abazizityebi abafuna ukuzingela zamanzi. Ukuze benze oku, basebenzisa neziwuza, ungulates lokuzingela zasemoyeni. Kwi ezinjalo zothutho ngomoya babe ukuya kwiindawo ezininzi ezinzima kude.

Ukusebenzisa iimpawu ngokuma, violators ityalwa kwi headlands, kunye norhwebo ekuzingeleni. Kakade ke, izinto kunye nesiseko lobugcisa egciniweyo emva kwinqanaba mihla, nto leyo ethintela ngempumelelo ngakumbi ukuba silwe ukuzingela. Noko ke, iingxelo rhoqo ngonyaka kwaye agqunywe violators, ukulawulwa inxaxheba.

Ukongeza, ukuba kulondolozwe umlilo oyingozi kakhulu. Okwangoku, i amatyala transfer omlilo kumazwe ezikufutshane. Le meko ngenxa yeendleko eziphezulu iinkonzo yezokubhabha Ubhaqo umlilo kunye ingcinezelo. Kungenxa yokuba bamshiya. Kodwa likaxakeka ukufumana nkqi akunakwenzeka ukuba ukuthutha okanye ukukhwela, kwaye oku kukhokelela into yokuba umlilo uba esingaphathekiyo ize yandele kwindawo elikhulu.

Ngoko ke, nyaka ngamnye umbuzo malunga nokudala indawo ekhuselweyo ekhethekileyo kulo myezo. Kwaye lo mba iye ibaluleka. Noko ke, ngalo mzuzu umbandela nangoku usonjululwe.

umsebenzi Uphando kwi reserve

Uphando rabota- omnye wemisebenzi ebalulekileyo kulo myezo. Ke ukuqhuba uphando kunye esweni kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zenzululwazi. Zonke ejoliswe ukufunda izinto zendalo kunye nezakhiwo. Liyenzile imilinganiselo esisiseko ulondolozo kunye nokuvuselelwa inane eziphilayo ezisengozini.

umsebenzi wokufundisa

Ukususela mzuzu yokuqala ikhona, abasebenzi ebekelwe bucala isebenza ukukhuthaza inkcubeko eziphila phakathi kwabantu. Ukongeza, i-Reserve uhamba ubunzima abaphandi ukuze ukuphucula ulwazi lwabo.

Museum of the izimvu-Lena Reserve ukufundisa iindwendwe abaselula kunye nabantu abadala.

Ngomhla kummandla kwindawo ekhuselweyo yaye iindlela ezintathu ezikhethekileyo eziphilayo ezikuvumela ukuba imo ekhuselekileyo ukuqhelanisa abakhenkethi kunye ubuhle bucala kwaye hayi ukuba umonakalo kwi-enezityalo nezilwanyana efanayo.

Ngonyaka Reserve epapashwe imisebenzi ngendalo, isuswe bhanya ukonwabisa, amanye awo kamva yasasazwa kumabonakude.

Musa uzakufun aukugqithisa abafundi ingqalelo kunye nesikolo samabanga aphakamileyo ngoobani ithemba ephambili ukuba ikamva elingcono kokusingqongileyo.

endaweni yokuba UYobi

Kwinqaku lethu siza sithethe ngendlela enomdla ezintle izimvu-Lena Reserve. Inqaku emfutshane nzima ukugqithisa yonke into kule ndawo ekhuselweyo. Kakade ke, i-Reserve ufanelwe ingqalelo ngakumbi, lifanelwe ukutyelelwa. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ke, ukuba indawo evaliwe. Kuba kubahambi ngeenyawo kunye beshiya kufuneka iindawo ezizodwa sizizolisa kwaye kukho iindlela akhethekileyo ukuhambisela njengenxalenye yohambo ekhokelwa. Konke oku esicwangciswe ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kummandla ukwenzela ukukhusela izityalo kunye nezilwanyana zengingqi. Eyona nto ezintle egciniweyo kwi zentlako-hlaza nezasehlotyeni, eli lelona xesha lifanelekileyo owenza kunye nokunyuka. Nangona kunjalo, qaphela ukuba ukuzingela nokuloba kwiindawo ezikhuselweyo akuvumelekanga.