Izmailovo Island, eMoscow: Uhambo. Itempile, imyuziyam kwisiqithi Izmailovo. Indlela ukuya Izmailovsky Island?

EMoscow - isixeko ubuso ezininzi. Okulandelayo ezitratweni eliphilileyo mihla ziindawo phantse engayi impucuko yanamhlanje. Bagciniwe umoya kumaxesha amandulo, yaye yamandulo zesikhumbuzo zokwakha, ebonela ezahlukeneyo - namaqhawe belusizi - amaphepha zembali karhulumente Russian. Enye yezi ndawo ngokuqinisekileyo Izmailovsky siqithi, apho bakhoyo ibekho ngenxa Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, uWele kwakuzolile.

Island Creation

Nguye umlawuli kwizilumko neengqondi, kodwa ke uhlobo olukhethekeliyo uqhushululu ayizange kwahluka; kuba, mhlawumbi, hayi idume kakhulu. umhlaba Izmaylovo yaba Romanov ubukhosi, yaye phakathi kwenkulungwane elinesixhenxe, ikumkani yagqiba ekubeni ukulakhela indlu Manor, ngoko kwakuhlile.

Ukuze iqale ukwakha amadama eziliqela amaqhina oqhagamshelwano Mdiliya Silver namachibi. Ngoko ke, eneneni, kwaye kuye kwavula Izmailovsky siqithi, kukudala wezandla zabantu. Emva kokuba isisombululo enjalo ingxaki yokuzikhusela waqala ukwakhiwa welifa, leyo eyaphela ngo 1690.

yokuhlala iNkosi yakhe

Kwi indawo ebiyelweyo ibekwe iyadi iNkosi yakhe, elenziwe ngamaplanga inyango-komkhulu, ilitye Pokrovsky Cathedral, eyakhelwe kwisiza webandla ezidilikileyo ngamaplanga, kunye Bridge Tower. Yaphela ibhulorho imitha-ikhulu, eqhagamshelanisa ukuya kummandla Izmailovsky Island angena zonke iindwendwe. Akasekude yecawa wamisa ecaweni inkosana Ioasafa. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ngelishwa, ayiyi walondolozwa, ukuze ndingabi sisisulu kubasebenzi revolution-nye emva kokuba iziganeko kakubi ka-1917. Bona ngocoselelo ezonakeleyo Cathedral Izmailovo Basil kaThixo - isakhiwo esihle ukususela ngenkulungwane elinesixhenxe emva kwexesha.

Cathedral St. Basil kaThixo

It sakhiwa imodeli yesicelo i-kwingcinga Cathedral yaye wabasikelela kakhulu ihonjiswe: iithayile amancinane kunye esikhulu lwefacade anike ekwakheni yimbonakalo magingxigingxi yaye ezintle ngexesha elifanayo. Thaca apha kwaye njalo-ebizwa ipikoko - ipateni, omashini abenziwe inkosi Polubes Russian. Dome zegolide, nemnyama, eso. Ke banika yecawa yakuqala, jonga ekhethekileyo.

Umhombiso yangaphakathi lengcwele kakhulu uNothozamile. Okungaqhelekanga kuphela lo iconostasis, okudalwe iinkosi engcono kwiimeko-kwiingingqi ezahlukeneyo Russia.

Belfry itempile omkhulu wesiqithi kangangexesha elithile waba enqabeni kwebhulorho. Kuyinto ngokwezinga elithile ngokuvisisana yecawa: nayo ezihonjiswe iithayile nemihlathi.

Okulandelayo Petra Velikogo

Njengoko yokuhlala amanzi wahlamba ukusuka eNgilani wanikela isikhephe ekhethekileyo elincinane, owenzeka kwimeko imfuneko ezahlukeneyo ngamaza abahambahambayo.

Le nqanawa bafumana oselula Peter I phezu izindlu zoshishino iiyadi waza wamenza noluntu lwasekuhlaleni, ngokungxama kuye ngu Silver-Iidiliya eemina, hlale amalungiselelo "amadabi aselwandle".

Kamva, umlawuli omkhulu umnxeba ngamaplanga nxaxheba "uyisemkhulu zonke izithuthi Russian 'iintsizi zobutsha bakhe, kunye Izmailovo Island -" ezalwa "yayo.

Ngoku IsiNgesi ngephenyane elincinane (okanye mandithi, loko va Okuseleyo kuwo) wabonisa ngosuku lokuqala, kubekwe ekufutshane - kwelinye icala iSilver Mdiliya ichibi. Ke kutshanje (2007) wakha ekuthiwa- Izmailovo yesicelo, ivelise kwakhona nakubugcisa yamandulo Russian ngamaplanga. Phezu izakhiwo emibalabala, eyenzelwe ikakhulu ngenxa abakhenkethi, siqithi inikeza umbono omhle. Kufuphi imbaxa chic kwaye ultra-mihla ihotele "Izmailovo": ecaleni izakhiwo yamandulo ngenkulungwane elinesixhenxe, ikhangeleka ngathi kukho undwendwe ukusuka kwixesha elizayo.

experimenter Tsar

iyadi iNkosi yayibiyelwe izakhiwo ezininzi ingqiqo kwezoqoqosho ezintsha: Alexis, ekubonakala, yaba nomxhasi enkulu inkqubela. Le zokugcina kwi kwintsimi siqithi Izmailovsky akhule zahluke ngexesha iziqhamo kunye nemifuno (bazama ikakhulu kunye neenkcubeko abangenazigqibo ekumazantsi), wasebenza koomasifundisane seengcibi ezininzi.

Yena Russian Tsar, eqhuba kwi ehlotyeni yakhe yokuhlala, whiled kude ixesha ezingela emahlathini ezingqonge ewe isigqibo bayahlelwa karhulumente. Ngamanye amaxesha ezinde ibhulorho endlwini baba iintlanganiso "nepalamente 'ngenkulungwane elinesixhenxe - i Boyar Duma (hayi inqaba nxaxheba bahlaliswa lula onjalo big).

Ezikhumbuzo izakhiwo yamandulo

Namhlanje, le isakhiwo - esele kwelinye ezimbalwa. Ngaphandle nenqaba leyo sele kukhankanyiwe Cathedral St. Basil kaThixo (nangoku osebenza etempileni Izmailovo Island), iyadi iNkosi kunye neMpuma Koloni kunye Western Gate (okwabizwa ngokuba ngaphambili kunye umva). Ahlala sisebenza kakhulu unanamhla. Noko ke, emva badla bahlala ivaliwe.

Ezi sampuli eziseleyo lwezakhiwo yamandulo zawa phantsi Ukuhlasela ixesha akananceba yaye umkhosi French: ilifa kwaba nobudlova ngokucokisekileyo yaye ezatshatyalaliswa ngexesha lemfazwe ka 1812.

Kuphela banesifo kade, uMlawuli Nicholas ndagqiba kwelokuba kufuneka alunanto indawo engcwele. Ngokutsho umyalelo wakhe kwisiza ukuba angene yokuhlala lutshabalale almshouses zomkhosi yakhiwe. Kulo mzekelo, izakhiwo ababini yakhiwe kufutshane Pokrovsky Cathedral, ebangela ukuvela izakhiwo bahlupheka kakhulu: ezombingelelo woxolo zambini ngamagalelo ezintathu eziphambili ndiwuhlutha abahambi Kumnandi ukubona itempile kuvela macalana onke.

Noko ke, ukugxeka abakhi Ton kunye wesandla akuyomfuneko ngengqiqo ubuhle kuphela: ibandla eliseleyo kuphela Izmailovo siqithi ngelo xesha wanika ibhanki waza wamsongela ukuyisonga. Isakhiwo entsha eziqhotyoshelwe nje naye macala omabini, ukhonza nje inkxaso.

ubulungisa

Emva kokuba Revolution ka-1917, unyaka ibuye ibe poorhouse zemizi: kwakukho kwilali ukusebenza, ebizwa idolophu ogama emva Bauman. Abanye "lucky" waqhubeka ehlala apha kwinkulungwane XX emva kwexesha. yembali ezidlulileyo Izmailovsky siqithi ke imbeko, yaye ngoku yena liziko kwelungu memory ingasadlaleki igama nje ofayo (olufinyeziweyo - MGOMZ).

Kwi kwintsimi akukho iindawo zokuzonwabisa, oko Akuvunyelwe nepikiniki. Mhlawumbi yiloo nto ithandwa kakhulu ukuba ipaki ebumelwaneni; kukho konke oku, nkqu kwemfuneko.

A indawo ethule i eMoscow enengxolo

Kuba abo bakhetha ikhefu eyahlukileyo, egqibelele Izmailovsky siqithi. Indlela ukuya kule ndawo cwaka, enoxolo kwaye mhle kakhulu? I elikufutshane Isikhululo metro - "yabanqolobi." Kube lula umsebenzi yokuba ezinqwenelekayo ukuba uthatyathwe kuwo kukho enye kuphela indlela yokuphuma, ngoko ngabelusi emiqolombeni musa ukuba.

Uhamba kwindlela ephithizelayo Izmailovskii (isiqingatha ubuninzi seyure), ooPawulos bazifumane kwenye iibhulorho ezintathu odibanisa siqithi ukuya mpumalanga, - ukufikelela. Yena emotweni, kodwa ulindele ukuba bamkhwelisa kwinkundla Tsar xa gig yakhe ayikho: ungeno uvumelekile iimoto inkonzo kuphela, ngoko ukufika ngabemi ngemoto kuya kufuneka ukuba ashiye isithuthi kwindawo yokupaka iimoto.

Nangakumbi sikaloliwe - lwenbhulorho yabahamba egosogoso kukhokelela kuyo, apho ukucima indlela ekhokelela kwi Izmailovo yesicelo.

Kunye kujikelezo siqithi ojikeleze nomzila asphalt, ngoko ungabona ubuhle engqongileyo na imozulu. Kwikomkhulu, bubonakala kunqabile indawo njengoko ezifihlile kwaye gqa njengoko Izmailovsky siqithi. EMoscow, egqumayo kunye close, kuye ngokungathi zemka, zimshiya engathi isithuba ukuphumla Sizimisele. Kunxweme yimimango amatyholo ezipheleleyo abalobi zilindele nomntana, ngomendo kunye clearings kundwendwela romantic izibini nkqu Muscovites kunye ukuyithanda kwiindawo zasekuhlaleni.

Museums kwaye Imiboniso Izmailovsky island

Ngelo xesha, iRussia uzama ukuphuhlisa ngokwemiqathango ukhenketho. Ngethamsanqa, kungekho ngaphandle, yaye Izmailovsky excursions siqithi, indawo kunye nomxholo, zifumaneka ngoku ufuna ukwazi okungakumbi ngembali ezweni lokuzalwa kwakhe. ixabiso labo kakhulu lwentando yesininzi, kunye namanqaku anika umdla, amabali kunye namabali bayamenywa ukuze bakuthathele ingqalelo abaninzi.

Entendelezweni, singqongwe izakhiwo almshouses zangaphambili, namasango amabini kunye Cathedral, uhamba omhle kakhulu. Imithi Linden ubudala ubudala ukukhusela ingqatsini yelanga, neendonga ezindala ufunxe phantse ngokupheleleyo ingxolo kwisixeko esikhulu. Iyadi siluhlaza kwaye icocekile kwaye icocekile: i flowerbeds - eneentyatyambo oluchumileyo, umkhondo itshayelwe isha.

izakhiwo ezininzi ibekwe ofisi abasebenzi myuziyam kunye restorers xa abasemagunyeni ibandla wabakhupha i Novodevichy Convent, ukhetho ingakumbi wayengekho. Ngoku uzama ukuzisa isakhiwo olungokungathotyelwa kunye kwindawo entsha. Apha kukho amancinci kunokuba amahlwempu Manor imyuziyam. Izmailovo island (ubuncinane hayi noko) kukho inani elincinane izinto. I-asethi ephambili zezi ezikhumbuzo bobugcisa ngenkulungwane elinesixhenxe, apho ngamaxesha kukho imiboniso umdla. Kwi le powusta ziyafumaneka kwi ngomhla lula yaye site le yimyuziyam. Island ukhangele phambili iindwendwe yayo.