Jacobin - it ... nkqubo kunye ngokozwi lakhe Jacobins

Jacobin - ilungu leqela lezopolitiko (i Jacobin Club) ukususela Enkulu French Revolution.

Imvelaphi lwentshukumo

I Jacobin Club yabunjwa ngamalungu yeSizwe yeNdibano iqhezu Breton. Waqhuba iintlanganiso zawo woonongendi yaseSt uYakobi Paris. Ngenxa yoko igama Jacobins zeqela. abalandeli bakhe bona aba, kunye nakumaphondo, apho kukho iiklabhu ezininzi ezincinane zadalwa. Warping Umhla - Juni ka1789. Jacobin Club wayengomnye zinempembelelo kakhulu ngelo xesha, yaye baba nempembelelo kakhulu kuphuhliso kunye nentshukumo French Revolution.

Ukubunjwa club

Kwakugcwele amaphiko amathathu, okanye iqhezu:

1. Ilungelo, ikhokelwa ngu Danton, igqwetha kunye noMphathiswa elizayo wezoBulungisa of France.

2. Left, inkokeli wakhe ugqirha odumileyo nentatheli uMarat emibonweni, umlandeli wangumququzeleli le Jacobins eyehlela ikukudandatheka.

3. Centre - ekhokelwa Maksimilian Robesper yaba neciko brilliant kunye negqwetha ngu msebenzi.

Ngaloo ndlela, a Jacobin - yenye-nxaxheba kwi-mbuso, uninzi kubo abantu abafundileyo.

Ekuqaleni ekusekweni kwayo, i Jacobins lowo ukuqaliswa kwe-lizwe neNgonyama siseko. Ethetha kwi Convention, ukuba wakhuthaza umanyano karhulumente, ukomeleza ukhuseleko lwesizwe, kodwa wabiza Ukududuzelisa olungqongqo lwangaphakathi neentshaba eFransi, yaye abo bazama ukwahlula urhulumente ngaphakathi.

Maximilian Robespierre - yinkokeli Jacobins

Wazalwa kwintsapho amagqwetha. Lost unina noyise, bashiya usapho, Robespierre waphakamisa utatomkhulu wakhe kwicala yomama, a yamazimba, ababefuna ukumenza ngumsebenzi, ukuba qinisekisa ukuba ubutyebi igqwetha msebenzi uza kuzisa. Kodwa utitshala nkwenkwe, ebona italente yakhe ekufundeni, wabhenela abantu owaziwayo phakathi komzi, Robespierre wawongwa imali eyamenza setheko lycee Paris. Emva kokuphumelela, wabuyela kwelakowabo kwaye egxile ebomini kwezopolitiko. Ngenxa ubugagu kwawo kwancamisa Robespierre inyulelwa phakathi masekela of the States General of yesixeko wabuyela Paris.

intetho brilliant young yephondo kungekudala ukutsala ingqalelo amazwi Robespierre aqalile ukuphulaphula.

Ukususela ekuqalekeni iziganeko olululo eFransi, kuthatha indima ebonakalayo, wakhetha imvume inxaxheba kwimisebenzi yasekuhlaleni abadlali, Huguenot kwaye amaYuda, ngokuba kokuyekiswa kobukhoboka kwi amathanga kunye vitho kwi isigwebo sentambo eFransi.

Ukususela ekusekweni kwe-Jacobin Club, Robespierre waba enye yeenkokeli zayo eziphambili. Emva ukubhukuqwa ukumkani, Nengxelo yaseFransi geqe yalilizwe ayahlukahlukenanga, nguye yenye izithuba ekhokelela kwi-National Convention.

Policy Jacobins weza amandla

Bangi iphambili ye-National Convention of the Jacobin Club le Girondins. Jacobin - ilungu club olukhulu kwezopolitiko, nto leyo ithetha ukuba akukho umendo abo ngaphantsi kakhulu. Girondins ibivela ngokubulawa bokumkani, esoyikela ukuba iza kuvula indlela eya luloyiko kweli lizwe. Nangona italente hayi oratorical kwaye umbutho, umzabalazo igunya baphulukana. Ngowe-1793, emva kokuba ukubambana Robespierre kwi Convention, baye bazama baza babulawa.

Emva kokuba igunya, i Jacobin ngokozwi lakhe setheko got enkulu ingakumbi usongo. IKomiti of Safety Public wamiswa. Kuye ephethwe Robespierre. Kuzo zonke iindawo zeli lizwe ziye zathunyelwa imisebenzi egunyaziswe entsimini. Zonke iingalo Jacobins baphosa ungenelelo vangama kunye nesisombululo iingxaki zoqoqosho. Ukuqashisela yaziswa isigwebo sentambo, ngokumnyanzela amaxabiso isonka kunye ingqolowa ayinakutshintshwa ukuba iimveliso zibalulekileyo kwamanye amalwimi ezifakiweyo.

Ngexesha elifutshane enkosi izenzo isigqibo le Jacobins wakwazi ukwakha umkhosi kakuhle French kwaye ukuphelisa isisongelo ngoncedo. Uhlaziyo loqoqosho le meko ayizange ngcono. bahlukana yaqala phakathi Jacobins ngokwabo. Oohlohlesakhe ke ukunganeliseki kunye lomgaqo-nkqubo ongqongqo, abantu babefuna ezinye iinguqulelo. Robespierre, ezama ukubamba amandla kweli lizwe nangoloyikiso, kungekudala waba lixhoba layo. Yena kunye noogxa bakhe abulawa 1794. Emva koko, lo lobuzwilakhe Jacobin bawa.

isiphelo

Igama enye intsingiselo. Jacobin - a freethinker okanye umntu ukucinga yotshintsho olululo. In XVIII-XIX eminyaka eli gama ezithandwa kakhulu. Okwangoku, lisetyenziswa enqabile.