ZIL 645: iinkcukacha neefoto

Nge injini diesel 645 ZIL 4331 series iye iimodeli zasekhaya kakhulu ubunzima zaveliswa. Iveliswe waba iikopi ngaphezu kwesiqingatha sesigidi. Lo matshini luphawulwa kukugcina eliphezulu, uphume elungileyo kunye maintainability. Imoto akoyiki yomsebenzi onzima, lisetyenziswa kwishishini lokwakha, ezolimo kunye neenkonzo zoluntu. Kukho utshintsho ezenzelwe inkonzo yomlilo kunye kaxakeka. Qwalasela iimpawu kunye nengcombolo elorini kunye parameters ukuba baye ezininzi eziqhele ukusetyenziswa kumgca motor le.

History of indalo

Cars nge injini 645 uyilo ZIL nokwakha isityalo Likhachev ngeminyaka zenkulungwane lokugqibela. Ngelo xesha kwakukho intswelo iteknoloji elinemveliso iinketho zomsebenzi eliphezulu kweli lizwe, leyo bachaphazeleka kakhulu ubeko neempawu umatshini omtsha.

Tyala abayili lanje inguqulelo entsha iye yaphuhliswa kunye iinjineli Kamsky. Oku kusekelwe iimodeli Kamaz wabeka. Le lori waye waphucuka izibane, powertrain kakuhle kunye yangaphandle mihla. Ngenxa yoko imoto ngokwenene phakathi imizekelo emihle nqubo, ekuveliseni eSoviet Union.

Ikopi yokuqala ngo-1977. Ukuphuculwa koomatshini waze 1985. Diesel Zil-645 imali wazala 1987 g. Auto exhobele unit 165 amagunya ihashe (osebenza umxube idizili okanye zidityaniswe), kwisantya ezintlanu-mechanical-uhlobo ziguquka ngezantya. version Okulandelayo sele kwaphuma kunye Amanzi zothumelo ezilithoba ilungelelaniswe.

ingaphandle

Uyilo yangaphandle imoto kwimilo walo ufana uxande. Kule ndawo phambi kukho eliphezulu wabeka grille yokuqala. Le amacala kabukhali owahluliweyo beziya udaka umzimba uphela. Wheels ityalwa nzulu, kunye ngesivuno, eyenziwe ngentsimbi ixesha elide, uza phambili.

Uyilo eli nqaku phezu inxalenye enkulu kule ndlwana, ukhuseleko kucalu umonakalo ngengozi. Workplace lona lile uqwalaselo emboxo. Truck ZIL-645 waba isebe tipper, ukuvumela ukuba ukuthutha imithwalo ezahlukeneyo isambuku. Kwakhona, kwaba kuyenzeka ukuba ukuthutha eziphathekayo, iinkuni, ngesinyithi.

The main iparameters

Iimpawu Zil 645 (4331) ngendlela eyakhayo yi oluphuculiweyo uguqulelo lwe thotho 130 kunye kwigunjana kuguquka ngokupheleleyo. Xa intliziyo umatshini na isakhelo enamandla eyenziwe ophezulu-amandla ngentsimbi. Drive lixhotyiswe ukunqunyanyiswa oxhomekeke kunye imithombo sliding semielliptical.

Ngenxa ukumiswa nebandla ezimbini ukumiswa lamntu. Bakhulise unit efanayo iquka iperi imithombo kunye nezinto ezongezelelweyo. Ngenxa neempawu zolwakhiwo kwesithuthi ukumelana imithwalo eetoni ukuya ngamashumi amabini anesithathu.

Imoto kufakwa iziphaluka ezibini wayaphula ukuyilandela. Ezi mpawu ezizodwa yale yunithi iquka ukuhlanganiswa wagaleleka ezingundoqo yokupaka. unit olongezelelweyo esinxibelelana ukuqhuba isabelo asi ongasemva esebenzisa iibhetri. Ukongeza, inkqubo usebenzisa isithuthi ezinxilisayo, nto leyo ethintela amafu ngumkhenkce ngexesha kubanda.

injini ZIL ukusebenza 645

Le yunithi lwamandla i-stroke ezine idizili injini ezimilise V-, nto leyo iba umthamo welitha 8,75 e rated amandla 185 ihashe amandla. Phakathi kwezinye iparameters setting zikhankanyiwe ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• inani cylinder - pieces ezisibhozo;
• izinga umda torque - 510 NM;
• Ucinezelo - 18.5;
• Kuthiwa ububanzi of ilikhulu elinashumi-nye milimitha;
• uhlobo Ukupholisa - system fluid.

Injini 645 ZIL kakuhle kunye naleyo yamaziko angabalingane bawo epetroli ngenxa imveliso ngempumelelo enkulu.

Ukuba ingakhethi cala, imida ye iinketho kwezinye izityalo amandla anikwe apha ngezantsi:

1. olingene "injini" ngesibetho-ezine index 508,10 isiBeki zixhotyiswe lulwelo-lupholile. umthamo wayo 150 enjini, kwaye umthamo - iilitha ezintandathu. Powered by amafutha AI-76, ubomi ukusebenza libalwa 350 ophosa.
2. "Horse" Model 508300 xa kukho umthamo iilitha umthamo ezintandathu 134. Le injini olingene isiBeki exhotyiswe ngenkqubo-elekhtrons electronic, ihambisana "Euro 3".

ibandla transmission

Injini ZIL 645 iinkcukacha nokuxoxwa ngasentla, kufuneka kuhlanganiswe ngeentlobo ezimbini gciwane. Isikakhulu kokulungiswa, ekhutshwe phambi 2009, baye baxhotyiswa kunye noomatshini ezisithoba zokhahlamba shift. Esiludumbo waba ungqamaniso Splitter langa nabangatshatanga-plate iklatshi. iinguqulelo Kamva bebexhotyiswa-speed ezintandathu transmission ngesandla nge single-disc uhlobo clutch owomileyo (imveliso - Yaroslavl Motor Works).

Ngaphambili kunye nezixhobo

Le nto yokugquma esihle ngumsindo yaye kubanda. Akuyomfuneko ukuba zizame yakho yezwi nakuba ukuxhumana uyaguquka. Ndlwana kufakwa izihlalo ezintathu, nganye kuzo lixhotyiswe amabhanti. Onyuswe ibandla for ngababini ezininzi absorbers yokothuka, leyo kunciphisa ukungcangcazela. uyilo piece-nye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, libe zizibaya zempahla ngokulula olunika unikezelo olukhawulezayo kwi main units.

ukuzaliswa yangaphakathi zobugcisa ncinci nelula. Ezi ziquka abenzi boluvo ezisisiseko kunye nezixhobo ngaphandle nemisebenzi eyongezelelweyo. Management ibe lula ngokusekwa lokuqondisa osebenza ngamanzi. Zil 645 umfanekiso ithiwe thaca apha ngasezantsi, baxhotyiswa iqonga metal ephambili enezinto. element Front ingaphezulu iinxalenye ecaleni. Ukongeza, kuyenzeka ukuba entabeni isakhelo ube ngumthunzi. Ezingenziwa practical ngexesha ngokukhawuleza imoto wazuza ukuthandwa kwelo lalisakuba yiSoviet Union. Ingakumbi imoto ezifanelekileyo yaba izithuthi mveliso kunye zokuhamba.

kokulungiswa

Kuba ixesha ukukhululwa ingqalelo engaphezu iinguqulelo kweshumi evenini iye yaphuhliswa. singakhankanya ngokukhethekileyo kusenokuba ezinye zazo:

• 433100 luguqulelo olusisiseko injini 645 m-diesel;
• 433 102 - model akumgangatho isisu semoto;
• 432900 - version kunye injini diesel kunye nesiseko ukunyamezela;
• 433 104 - truck umlilo;
• 433116 - uguqulelo elungiselelwe kwamanye amazwe;
• 4332A - Version noseko elide kunye isithuthi 645, nto leyo yenziwa thotho;
• iitrektara nge isiseko se-3.8 okanye 3.3 yeemitha;
• ukwahluka ne belele ikhabhathi.

imoto kujongwa yafakwa nge uhlobo umzimba jikelele evumela ukuthutha kuphela impahla bulk, kodwa izinto ezingamanzi aqinileyo, kunye nezinye izixhobo.

iimpawu

ZIL 645, iinkcukacha zobugcisa lwazo luxhomekeke ukuguqulwa une sisalathisi umbane iitoni ezintandathu ukuya kwezisibhozo. Kwi-avareji, i ilori yaxhobisa inobunzima ezintlanu ezinesiqingatha amawaka kilogram. Asi waphawula ngo-4 * 2.

Uqikelelo amafutha wokuwalayisha ngokupheleleyo kunye nesantya-60 km / h yahluka kwi uluhlu iilitha 18.5 nganye km ezilikhulu. Isantya Ungeno eliphezulu - 95 km / h kunye okukodwa okanye ngeekhilomitha ezili-10 ngaphantsi ngo yinxalenye indibanisela. kwitanki yezibaso - 170 iilitha. ukumiswa Umgama-25 eemitha xa kubuywa ngokupheleleyo. YaseTire truck exhotyiswe zonke-enendawo enilinyatheleyo, leyo lula intshukumo ezingazinzanga kunye embi.

Ubukhulu & Weight

Le lori unalo parameters zilandelayo:

• ubude / ububanzi / ubude - 6.37 / 2.5 / 2.65 yeemitha;
• umgama phakathi ngaphambili / amavili angasemva - 1.93 / 1.85 m;
• ukucoca komhlaba - 33 cm;
• umthamo inkqubo sokupholisa - 26.5 iilitha;
• Ubunzima net eqongeni - 860 eekhilogremu;
• ubunzima ibandla gearbox yi-200 kg, kunye nobokuba elorini - 0,55 tonnes.

Ubunzima iyonke imoto malunga 11.5 iitoni umthwalo ngokupheleleyo, ukumelana imo ngemoto iibhulorho kunye nezinye izakhiwo zobunjineli phezu ezindleleni.

ZIL 645: ncomo

Njengoko sinokungqinelwa ngeempendulo zabamnini ingxelo ilori, oko kakhulu ezenziwayo kunye luncedo. kokukhululwa kwayo lugqitywe ngo-2004, ngoko ke kulindelekile ukuba umfuziselo lowo kuphelelwa. Amalungu iqaphele ixabiso eliphantsi amalungu candelo, kubandakanywa i-injini. ziphinde ziveze ngonyamezelo imoto kunye maintainability elungileyo.

Option 645-m ngeemoto ingqalelo omnye kakhulu kwafunwa emva izinto eklasini. Sisazi ukuba injini ziphuhliswe nasekuqaleni kwenkulungwane lokugqibela, singatsho ukuba eli candelo laye uvavanyo ngokwaneleyo indlela kazwelonke kunye nexesha. Kwi abanikazi ezimbi ziquka ukungabikho kwezinye iindawo kwimarike nokuselwa aphezulu amafutha. Ngaphandle koku, le moto uhlala idumile unanamhla.

Ukugqitywa lokubuyekeza

ZIL 645 - oku banentsomi yokwenene shishino nemoto eSoviet. Ngoku ungathenga ngayo kuphela ngokohlobo owesibini-ngesandla. Amaxabiso, ngokuxhomekeke imodeli kunye neemeko phakathi kwemini 150-400 amawaka. Kakade ke, le lori akubonakali ukubuyisela oothixo yangoku basekhaya nabamazwe angaphandle. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa ngexabiso eliphantsi kunye okulungileyo maintainability "gqala" ye abavelisi zesityalo Likhachev lihlale seteksi kunye kwemfuno kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo.