Karaganda. Uphi na ke Karaganda, imbali kunye nenkcazelo jikelele

Karaganda - iziko lolawulo kwingingqi Karaganda. Ngoku lo mzi ku Kazakhstan, kodwa ekuhambeni kwexesha layo kubalulekile kakhulu ukuba eSoviet Union. Apha bezile iingqondo zenzululwazi, loo mzi ungakhiwa a abakhi yobungcali. Ke kaloku isixeko lema endaweni yesi-3 kwi ukubaluleka kweli lizwe.

Uphi na Karaganda

Uququzelelo geographical of Karaganda: degrees 49,8 inkululeko ngasentla kunye degree 73,1 nezide ngasempumalanga. Lo mmandla apho Karaganda kwi mephu umelwe ithafa esentabeni, omiselwe kule ndawo njengoko Kazakh Uplands. Uqhekekile umzi ibekwe umbindi Kazakhstan.

ulwazi jikelele

Karaganda kuqoqosho njengoko nesichotho, ezinxulumene nemigodi. Ngenxa yokuba Karaganda amalahle uhehema lwesitya ngaloo ndawo apho Karaganda, izele "ngegolide black". Nezokukhupha amafutha kunye lwezibonelelo ezibalulekileyo apha yengundoqo i yesebe yoshishino, ngaxesha lithile esi sixeko umbhalo "Amalahle -. Isonka" Ukongeza, kukho hub zokuhamba, cross kaloliwe neendlela ngeendlela. Kukwakho moya yamazwe ngamazwe. Ngoko Karaganda yeyona inkulu yesithathu Kazakhstan.

indawo Karaganda malunga 550 ezikwere zeekhilomitha. Esi sixeko izithili ezibini: Oktyabrsky kunye Kazybek bi.

Amabhunga olawulo: i akimat mzi maslikhat.

Imbali Karaganda

Emva kwenkulungwane ye-19 kwisiza apho Karaganda, kwakungekho zokuhlala kwi bonke abantu amadlelo tywa ubomi ayikho yinqobo kuye. Imbali elalini iqala nesibakala sokuba iminyaka 1833 okusolwayo umalusi oselula ifumana ngentlama ngamalahle apha. Ngo1856 yabalasela kukuba kule ndawo iqala kuveliswe le bezimbiwa. Ngowe-1882, loo mmandla waba yingxenye Russia. Ethatha inxaxheba kwimveliso abarhwebi yokuqala Russian, owathi wafumana apha iidipozithi yobhedu esikrwada ukukhokela-zesilivere, yaye emva koko kwakukho French kunye British. Sasisebenza emigodini kubahlali kwiilali ezikufuphi. Ngaphezu koko, wasebenza Spassky isinyibilikise zezobhedu.

Ebudeni bemfazwe yamakhaya imigodi emsebenzini, zam yokumisa ukususela 1917 ukuya 1930 Ngowe-1930, imveliso yamalahle kwakhona uba zokuhlala olunzulu, yaye ngokuthe ngcembe bakha yohlobo yethutyana kubasebenzi abeza apha emsebenzini. Ndawo iye kubaluleke kakhulu, njengoko yiSoviet Union waba soloko yesibaso. Karaganda coalfield kwindawo yesithathu emva Kuzbass kunye Donbass. Kumaxesha Soviet, le ndawo ibizwa ngokuba "igumbi kwibhoyila wesithathu." Amafutha, imigodi apha ukuze zixhase lo Urals. Ngoko ke, kwakukho kaloliwe. Ngowe-1931, iindawo zokuhlala ezincinci, apho kukho Karaganda, ngokuthe ngcembe idolophu yokomba emincinane. neelali eziliqela anamathele kwenye ilali enkulu Karaganda.

Ukwakha City, ziyahlelwa

Ngomhla kuyilo isixeko entsha isebenza abayili kakuhle kunye nabayili. Ukususela 1934 ukuya 1938, Muscovites baye isicwangciso ngokubanzi kweso sixeko kwindawo apho kukho Karaganda. Ku Russia (RSFR) iye kwakhiwa izixeko ezininzi ezinjalo. Wayesongamela yonke le misebenzi ka-AI Kuznetsov, owaziwayo ngokomakhi idolophu Planner. Kwacetywa ukuba Karaganda uya zamkele 300 amawaka abantu. Isimo wesixeko Karaganda waphumelela ngowe-1936, Februwari 10, ngelo xesha wayesele iziko lolawulo le ndawo, leyo ilikhaya kubantu 166,000. Thelekisa kuphela 15 000 ngo-1934. Lonke ixesha elandelayo labemi wakhula, yaye ngamaxesha kuqhutywa imisebenzi yokwakha. Ngexesha World ukubaluleka isixeko nangakumbi, kuba urhulumente waseSoviet ngexesha lemfazwe salahlekelwa Donbass.

1983 - ezakhiwe esekisini eyaba izakhiwo ezininzi mihla (ngelo xesha) kwaye zintle kweso sixeko kunye mmandla.

Ngexesha Ukuwa kweUSSR le ngxaki weza e Karaganda, ngokunjalo nakwezinye izixeko Kazakhstan. Kuye ushiye iingcali ezininzi Russian kunye nesiJamani. Industry anqabile. Kodwa ekuqaleni kwewaka entsha, ukwakhiwa waqalwa. Ezitratweni nawo abuyiselwe, kukho ngokutsha. Kukho iindawo zentengiso kunye neepaki. ethnopark ezakhelwe, leyo olunokuveliswa yonke kubume kummandla Karaganda. It wakha kubekho nentsika yelitye enikezelwe ibinzana odumileyo, "Uphi? Phi? In Karaganda".

Imvelaphi igama kusenokwenzeka ngenxa olukhulayo kwezi ndawo etyholweni - Karagan, ngamanye amazwi, umnga omthubi. Abemi beli dolophu kukho enye inguqulo. Karaganda - "asphalt kan dy", eliguqulelwa ngokuthi igazi abamnyama. Mhlawumbi yamalahle ezifumaneka apha ezinxulumene bendawo mandulo.

Karaganda camp

iinkampu Ezimbini Algeria kunye Karlag washiya uphawu yawo kwimbali wonke umzi. Kumaxesha Soviet, ukuba isayinwe, amanye amagcisa izikhanyiso nenzululwazi. Ngoko ke, kubandakanya ezi nkampu, e Karaganda asakhasayo kubomi benkcubeko.

Amakhoboka wenza iikonsathi kunye neminye imicimbi. Amagcisa ababandakanyekayo imisebenzi eyahlukahlukeneyo ebhalisa. In Karlag basifakele ballet. Abantu abo phantsi ukugxothwa, bakhetha ukuhlala kweso sixeko waza wenza igalelo elikhulu ukuya inkcubeko Karaganda. Ukongeza, ukwakhiwa komzi inxaxheba amabanjwa Jamani ne-Japan.

uhlobo

Karaganda engqongwe iqengqwa namathafa Kazakh mphandle hummocky.

Kakhulu kwimozulu lizwekazi esibonakala ebusika ngqwabalala yaye elide kunye kwekhephu kunye blizzards. Ihlobo kushushu kakhulu kwaye owomileyo, kangangokuba bonke utyani kurhawula ekuhlaleni.

labantu

Karaganda - isixeko olunolwazi, abantu 113 abahlala apha. Ngokusisiseko, zonqulo ezimbini: Islam Orthodox.

Njengoko inani yabemi Karaganda inkokheli phakathi kwezinye izixeko kule ngingqi. Kwaye kwindawo yesine yonke Kazakhstan. Yabemi Karaganda ngu 457 100 abantu.