Kestrel: incazelo, indawo kunye nendlela yokuphila

A eqhelekileyo kakhulu intaka edla inyama, xa uqala ufana ihobe - ukhozi kestrel. ornithologists Name ukuchaza njalo. elide Kuye ithandwa e eRashiya ukuzingela, ebelisoloko inxaxheba merlin, ukhetshe saker okanye undlunkulu. Wayezama ukufundisa abazingeli bamandulo le ntaka, kodwa bonke ilize.

Kungenxa yokuba ezazibanjwa ukhetshe abalithimbayo zibhabha, ngokungafaniyo nezinye amarhamncwa zezulu, oko ngokuba engenanto, intaka engenamsebenzi - Kestrel. Igama lunamagama entaka - tinnunculus. Wafumana ke ngenxa yelizwi. Ukucula kufana isandi "ti-ti-ti". Ukuphakama umbala ixhomekeka meko. Igama lesiLatini lithetha "ikhalisa" okanye "phezulu".

Ukhozi Kestrel (emathafeni, vulgaris): Inkcazo

Kestrel emathafeni kunye abaqhelekileyo efana kakhulu omnye komnye. Emathafeni nesangxa kakhulu kangako, kodwa kwangaxeshanye intle kakhulu. Abafoti bakhetha ukudubula intaka ibhabha, ingakumbi abantu abangamadoda. Yena engenakulinganiswa amaphiko eziqaqambileyo. Kestrel elibomvu eqaqambileyo, kungekho naziphi na amabala kunye amachaphaza ezimibalabala. Shona anemibala blue-oluhlaza, kunye nomsila nesinqumka esonka umda emnyama. Bright umahluko emathafeni ukhetshe - inzipho ezimhlophe. Bojinga esibhakabhakeni kestrel unaphakade. Kodwa ukwenza oku rhoqo liphaphazela amaphiko ayo. A ukhetshe enkangala ujinga izimele. Kwaye ezi ntaka bakhetha ukuhlala ngamathanga. Bayakuthanda ukutya izinambuzane, lo gama i-kestrel uyazibambisa kwaye utya iimpuku, izinambuzane kunqabile kakhulu.

Le ntaka ifumaneka e-Afrika nakwamanye amazwe aphesheya. Kwaye eRashiya, omnye ookhetshe kakhulu zithandwa abahlala Urals esemazantsi, zeAltai, neCaucasus - kestrel eqhelekileyo. yokuhlala kunye nendlela yokuphila ziye zahlolwa kakuhle nesangxa. intaka ngokubanzi kuzo zonke iindawo ezininzi kweli lizwe, ngaphandle emathafeni. Uyabathanda, kumanxweme Kakade ke, ngamanzi ngaphezu imilambo emikhulu, ehlathini kunye kumahlathi amancinci. amahlathi ashinyeneyo kungekhona kuye, njengoko ivelisa ukutya indawo evulekileyo.

Le minyaka yokugqibela impucuko lubamba khaya lendalo ukhetshe elincinane, ngoko ke 'owahamba "kwaye ngokugqibeleleyo wabahlalisa kwiidolophu ezimbaxa Europe. Kwaye ke kufutshane mntu akazange ndisoyika.

zesiqhelo

Kestrel - intaka umbala kunokuba uNothozamile. Ukhozi Esukelana namacikilishe ezincinane, iimpuku kunye nezinambuzane maxa wambi enkulu. Abo bafuna inyama inokubhabha phantse phezu komhlaba ixesha elide nibheke lixhoba. Nezirhwexu ezinjalo, le ntaka uqalisa ngokufuthi wendiza amaphiko, uzokuma kwaye luxwila phantsi kabukhali.

emehlweni

iinzipho Strong ezinyaweni zabo namehlo abukhali ukuza ukunceda intaka ekufumaneni ukutya. Kestrels babe umbono libukhali ngaphezu abantu, ngaphezu amaxesha 2.6. Ukuba abantu benza into efanayo, ngoko ke zamehlo lokutshekisha ngokulula ufundwe kunye neemitha 90! Iincutshe zithi ukhozi encinane ubona ngokupheleleyo yelanga. Oku kunika ithuba lokuba ukuchonga iintsalela besikrekrethi umchamo emhlabeni okanye ingca. Ngaloo ndlela ngokuchanekileyo ukulandelela phantsi bambulale ezi zilwanyana ngaphandle umgudu ezininzi kestrel. Intsapho Falcon - yinto usapho apho yeyethu kestrel. Le iqembu kuye, njengoko nisazi, Falcon, kunye nobuhlanga - ookhetshe.

Indoda nenkazana

Le nyoni iye a iqapheleka dimorphism ngokwesondo. Ibhinqa evela inkunzi zingalula lunomahluko xa intloko umbala. Inkunzi a shades ukukhanya umbala izimvi iintsiba entloko. I entloko umbala elula omdaka. Ngasemva kukho okubi amabala distinguishable abamnyama, ingakumbi ngokohlobo irhombus. umsila wakhe yaye inxalenye emva kufutshane umsila wayifulela ngeentsiba ukukhanya okuqaqambileyo hina. Isiphelo umsila erhangqwe imivumbo abamnyama kunye nomda emhlophe. Phantsi kwakhe iintsiba cream kunye amabala Abatyhafileyo Umbala ukukhanya omdaka. Uboya ze iphiko kunye isisu phantse emhlophe.

Imazi yohlukile inkunzi ezintle umvumbo osecaleni limnyama isebenza ngapha umva. umsila wakhe ithinti emdaka, kunye nobuninzi ngezithandelo ezinqamlezayo kunye nokumamela ecacileyo lokuphela. Isisu emazantsi ogcwele yinkukuma namabala mnyama kangakanani.

kestrels angamaduna kuqala ifuze imazi ngombala. Kuphela amaphiko elifutshane kancinci bese ahanjiswa ngakumbi. Ezi ntsiba moya ahonjiswe elintlangothi luthuthu. Ukuqina kumlomo neliso isangqa ukusuka abaselula - ukusuka oluhlaza ukukhanya okuluhlaza ukukhanya in umbala, yaye abadala - emthubi. Umsila lirhangqwa, kuba iintsiba umsila elifutshane. Wings abadala ivaliwe iintsiba komsila imilenze inzipho ezimnyama-yellow ezimnyama. Mass Kestrel zesiqhelo kancinane ngaphezulu kwe 200 grams, eyindoda ngenkankulu uphulukana 300. I-avareji ubude kwamadoda 34,5 cm nemazi -. 36 cm namaphiko zokuwisa intaka encinane - 75-76 cm.

Uphi na lo indlwane?

Ngenxa zokuhlala ubusika ukhetshe amancinci endiza phakathi ku-Epreli - ekuqaleni May. Jack twist ngababini. Ngokuqhelekileyo, unako ukufumana izibini ezimbalwa kakhulu ecaleni okanye ithanga, kodwa akukho iintaka ngaphezulu kwe-10.

Kestrel kwindlwane angathanda ukuba kakhulu elintlangothi ezivulekileyo kunye neentambo zombane. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ingafunyanwa ehlala ematyeni ezincinane okanye imilambo, phezu eweni. Ubume kwindlwane engaganwanga, efana kakhulu nesangxa, kwaye iindlwane zingabi namhlali washiywa magpies, ehlasela kunye Ingekalili. Maxa wambi intsapho kestrels inokufumaneka kumgongxo emthini elahlukileyo, kwaye akunamsebenzi ukuba umgongxo non-engenanto. lula Bird ukhupha wemikhosi kwaye luzika ngokwalo. Le isinxibelelanisi ekhethiweyo ngokomfanekiso ligqibe amasebe eziliqela.

Iqanda-kokubekela hatching

Kuxhomekeka kwimozulu, babeke amaqanda kestrel iqala ekuyeni ekupheleni kuka-Aprili. Imazi liwaqandusele iintsuku ezintlanu eqaqambileyo enemibala nombala amaqanda imbola edyojiweyo. Kodwa ornithologists bafumana iindlwane ngamaqanda-8 okanye ngaphezulu. Ukubeka kuphela kanye ngonyaka kwi Kestrel. Kwiimeko ezinqabe kakhulu, ukufa onke amaqanda intaka basenako ukwenza bamba enye. Izivingco nenzala ababhinqileyo kuphela. Male ukusebenza kuyo ukutya.

mva

Amantshontsho kuvela inyanga kamva. Ngoko nangoko ubone uze uve kakuhle. Wazalelwa, a kwamantshontsho ukhetshe encinane ligutyungelwe uthambile phantsi ezimhlophe kwaye babe kumlomo efanayo ezimhlophe neenzipho. Kwimeko ngeengozi kunokwenzeka ukuba alale ngomqolo, exwebula buvele ngeenzipho ezibukhali phezulu okanye zilale emazantsi slot. Bobabini abazali bethatha inxaxheba inzala. Ukuthanda kubantwana "kakhulu." Ukutya kufuna okuninzi yaye ngokufuthi. Ngokuba imini enye ngexesha ukukhulisa yenzala, abazali ababini abatshabalalisa iimpuku ngaphezu amabini ezincinane! Ngeli xesha lenceba, bathabathe bazise iingenelo gqitha kumafama kunye egadini. Bathi ukuba intaka "engenanto". Ezingalunganga, kuba igalelo layo ekulondolozweni isivuno mkhulu! kestrel Young kancinci eguqula iintsiba umbala kwi abadala. Ngeli xesha amantshontsho sele abanomdla kubomi engqongileyo kwaye ifuna ukutya ngakumbi.

Emva kweentsuku 45-50, ukhetshe uselula alungisele Uhambo lokuqala. Ngeli xesha ungabona i "imithambo" esesiphelweni kwindlwane. Kungekudala kestrel amantshontsho kuya kuba phezu iphiko, yaye ekupheleni kuka Septemba - ekuqaleni Oktobha, baya kuhamba kunye nabazali bakhe kwimihlaba ubusika.

Inani iintshaba

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kestrel yathotyelwa kwimeko yokubhuqiswa ukukhala. ornithologists Ukuvumela bafumanisa ukuba le ntaka ibe ephila, ungenzi nto okanye zifuduka kubi. Kestrel kule yokuziphatha ichaphazela kuphela unikezelo lokutya kwiindawo zabo. Iindlela eziphambili yokufudukela kulala Ukhozi emazantsi eYurophu. Amaxesha amaninzi wabonakala eSpeyin, Poland, Belgium, eJamani, yaye eMntla Afrika.

Iintshaba kule ntaka nto, kulungile, ngaphandle abantu. Ngeminyaka yenkulungwane lokugqibela umvuzo ezilungileyo kudlula imilenze yakhe. amanani Kestrel wawela. Isizathu soku - ezininzi iintaka trust ebantwini. Ukususela ekuqaleni kuka-2000 inani kestrel igcinwa kwinqanaba elifanayo.